Odd compile error: "No such file or directory" cause: #include #define SOLVED

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 4:41pm

I have a very weird problem... I am working on a code (which has now become pretty heavy).
Taking out the debug stuff I have the following.

Sketch uses 19746 bytes (61%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32256 bytes.
Global variables use 1103 bytes (43%) of dynamic memory, leaving 1457 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.

With the debug staff I get this:

Low memory available, stability problems may occur.
Sketch uses 22474 bytes (69%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32256 bytes.
Global variables use 2069 bytes (80%) of dynamic memory, leaving 491 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.

I must say that I didn't pay to much attention at the memory used by my debugging part of the code, so I am planning to go though it. I started by creating two compile time condition rather than one

So I added #define DEBUG_BUTTONS at the beginning of the code with the intention to apply this to my button part of the code, which uses quite a lot of Serial.print stuff.
when I add this line #define DEBUG_BUTTONS I got a compiler error, so I removed the line and the compile error is still there. I wasn't sure whether I involuntary messed up some part of the code so I closed without saving - reopened and the code compile again.
tried again and it just keeps doing it!! just adding a precompile condition and I get the error (which seems quite unrelated to anything written in the error code as it sayd that it cannot find a library when thelibrary is there and it does compile if I close without saving and reopen the file...

this is the error:

E:\ARDUINO files\ARDUINO SKETCHBOOK FOLDER\INKH_DJ testing\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino:4:10: fatal error: Wire.h: No such file or directory
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
^~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
exit status 1

Compilation error: Wire.h: No such file or directory

sterretje · October 2, 2024, 4:45pm

I strongly suggest that you post your sketch.

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 4:46pm

I can do that but it's a huge file
I can upload the whole file

xfpd · October 2, 2024, 4:46pm

Separate your "quote" at "I must say..."
Change every "Serial.print("xyz");" to "Serial.print(F("xyz");"

sterretje · October 2, 2024, 4:48pm

A single post can contain 120,000 characters. If it is bigger, zip and attach.

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 4:53pm

COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.zip (10.9 KB)
here it is

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 4:54pm

Change every "Serial.print("xyz");" to "Serial.print(F("xyz");"

That's what I started to do, but also wanted to separate the button stuff and I got this issue. I have to go though all the Serial.print bits, but this error make me think that there could be something I have to address?

xfpd · October 2, 2024, 5:12pm

Post your program as text in a < CODE > block... it should look like this...

void setup() {
  // 
}

void loop() {
 //
}

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 5:17pm

I think it might be easier for whoever reads it to use the file I have uploaded (sea above - ignore the silly message in the LCD section ) as it is quite long, in the zip file you have all the separated tabs which make it much easier to read, but I can copy everything and paste it in one long text if needed. By the way I have am in the process of changing all the Serial.print stuff and I can see that it takes A LOT of memory much more than I thougth!!.
This is what I get after changing all the Serial.print statements:

Sketch uses 22828 bytes (70%) of program storage space. Maximum is 32256 bytes.
Global variables use 1105 bytes (43%) of dynamic memory, leaving 1455 bytes for local variables. Maximum is 2560 bytes.

I wander how much the Flash memory can cope with?
Also I have indulged with useless characters in the debug messages...

xfpd · October 2, 2024, 5:43pm

Post your code in a < CODE > block by starting a reply, click < CODE > and paste your code between the tick marks, over the words: ```type or paste code here```

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 5:54pm

#define DEBUG

#include <Wire.h> 
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <light_CD74HC4067.h>
#include <INHK_Pot3.h>
#include "Adafruit_NeoTrellis.h"
#include <ShiftRegister74HC595.h>
#include <Encoder.h>

#define POTS_MIDI_CH 3                // midi channel to be used with POTENTIOMETERS and ENCODERS
#define LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH 4          // midi channel to be used with BUTTONS and LEDS

#define MIDI_MSG_OFFSET 14            // global offset for midi  messages for all midi message (avoid first 14 numbers)
#define EXTRA_POT_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET 60  // global offset for midi CC for EXTRA POTS
#define LEFT_ENC_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET 70   // global offset for midi CC for left encoder
#define RIGHT_ENC_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET 80  // global offset for midi CC for right encoder

#define EXTRA_POT_NUM 3 // number of additional potentiometers (direct to board, not to mux)

// LCD OBJECTS////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcdLeft(0x27,16,2);  // set the LCD address to 0x27 for a 16 chars and 2 line display
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcdRight(0x26,16,2);  // set the LCD address to 0x27 for a 16 chars and 2 line display

// LED GLOBALS ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define NUM_LED 16

ShiftRegister74HC595<2> sr(4, 2, 3);  // shift register object, par: <number of shift registers> (data pin, clock pin, latch pin)

uint8_t extraLedR_pin= 22;            // additional led not wired to shift registers
uint8_t extraLedL_pin = 23;           // additional led not wired to shift registers

// POTS GLOBALS///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// mux pots:
CD74HC4067 mux(17, 16, 15, 14);  // create a new CD74HC4067 object with its four select lines

const uint8_t signal_pin0 = A2; // Pin connected to Sig pin of CD74HC4067
const uint8_t signal_pin1 = A0; // Pin connected to Sig pin of CD74HC4067

int lastValues[32]; // Store the last values for each of the 32 potentiometers (16 per multiplexer)
const uint8_t changeThreshold = 2;  // General threshold to avoid jitter
const uint8_t edgeThreshold = 3;    // Stricter threshold near the edges (0 or 127)

// extra pots:
Potentiometer Pot[EXTRA_POT_NUM] = {(A8), (A9), (A10)}; // Creates a number (EXTRA_POT_NUM) of objects of Potentiometer class and passes the pin number as argument
int lastextraPotReading[EXTRA_POT_NUM]; // Variable to store the last readings for comparison

// BUTTON MULTIPLEXER GLOBAL///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

const uint8_t muxPin1 = 18; // Signal pin of the first multiplexer
const uint8_t muxPin2 = 20; // Signal pin of the second multiplexer

const uint8_t s0 = 17;  // Select pins
const uint8_t s1 = 16;
const uint8_t s2 = 15;
const uint8_t s3 = 14;

const uint8_t numChannels = 16; // Number of channels per multiplexer

uint8_t buttonPState[2 * numChannels];                                // Last stable state of the button
uint8_t buttonCState[2 * numChannels];                                // button current state
unsigned long lastTimeButtonStateChanged[2 * numChannels] = {0};  // last time button state changed 
unsigned long debounceDuration = 20;                              // debounce time, increase if output flickers

// ENCODER GLOBALS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Encoder knobLeft(7, 8);
Encoder knobRight(10, 9);

long positionLeft  = -999;
long positionRight = -999;

uint8_t leftEncModeOffset = 0;
uint8_t rightEncModeOffset = 0;

// LCD GLOBALS/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

enum lcdActiveMode{            // LCD display modes     
  normal,
  effects,
  scratch
}leftLCD_activeMode, rightLCD_activeMode;

// TRELLIS GLOBALS////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH 1
#define TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH 2

Adafruit_NeoTrellis trellis1; // Instantiate NeoTrellis board - left trellis
Adafruit_NeoTrellis trellis2; // Instantiate NeoTrellis board - right trellis

unsigned long prevMillisTrellis1 = 0;  // Store the last time the first trellis was read
unsigned long prevMillisTrellis2 = 0;  // Store the last time the second trellis was read
#define INTERVAL 20                    // Interval to read the trellises (20 milliseconds)

uint8_t leftDeck = 0;
uint8_t leftPad;              // doesn't need to be initialized as it responds to switch position (button 14)
uint8_t offset_Trellis1 = 0;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK A = 0, PAD A 16, DECK C = 32,  PAD C 48 
uint8_t rightDeck = 0;
uint8_t rightPad;             // doesn't need to be initialized as it responds to switch position (button 23)
uint8_t offset_Trellis2 = 0;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK B = 0, DECK D = 16, PAD B 32, PAD B 48

enum TrellisMode {
  deck0,
  pad0,
  deck1,
  pad1
};
TrellisMode trellis1_activeMode;
TrellisMode trellis2_activeMode;

// Define a callback for key presses on the first board
TrellisCallback press1(keyEvent evt){
  if (evt.bit.EDGE == SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_RISING) {
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis1, 127, TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH);
    // trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor(evt.bit.NUM, 255, 0, 0);    // set the keypad colour when button is pressed
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.print(F("MIDI MSG: Note On\t")); Serial.print(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis1);
      Serial.print(F("\t CH"));Serial.println(TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH);
    #endif
  } else if (evt.bit.EDGE == SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_FALLING) {
    // trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor(evt.bit.NUM, 0);            // set the keypad colour when button is released
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOff(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis1, 127, TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH);
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.print(F("MIDI MSG: Note Off\t")); Serial.print(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis1);
      Serial.print(F("\t CH"));Serial.println(TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH);
    #endif
  }
  trellis1.pixels.show();
  return 0;
}

// Define a callback for key presses on the second board
TrellisCallback press2(keyEvent evt){
  if (evt.bit.EDGE == SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_RISING) {
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis2, 127, TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH);
    // trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor(evt.bit.NUM, 0, 255, 0);     // set the keypad colour when button is pressed
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.print(F("MIDI MSG: Note On\t")); Serial.print(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis2);
      Serial.print(F("\t CH"));Serial.println(TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH);
    #endif
  } else if (evt.bit.EDGE == SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_FALLING) {
    // trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor(evt.bit.NUM, 0);             // set the keypad colour when button is released
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOff(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis2, 127, TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH);
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.print(F("MIDI MSG: Note Off\t")); Serial.print(evt.bit.NUM + MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + offset_Trellis2);
      Serial.print(F("\t CH"));Serial.println(TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH);
    #endif
  }
  trellis2.pixels.show();
  return 0;
}


//SETUP AND LOOP /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  initializeLEDS();
  initializeButtons();
  initializePots();
  initializeExtraPots();
  initilizeLCD();
  initializeTrellis();

  usbMIDI.setHandleNoteOff(OnNoteOff);
  usbMIDI.setHandleNoteOn(OnNoteOn);

  trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
  
  leftLCDmodeSpy();                                     // refresh mode LED
  rightLCDmodeSpy();
  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("SETUP COMPLETED"));
    Serial.println();
  #endif 
}

void loop() {
  
  readEncoders();     // Call the function that reads encoders 
  updatePots();       // Call the function that reads potentiometers attached to mux 
  updateExtraPots();  // Call the function that reads extra potentiometers (using pot3 library with smooth output)
  readButtons();      // Call the function that reads buttons and performs debugging
  readBothTrellis();        // Call the function that reads both trellis
  
  usbMIDI.read();

}


//LCD FUNCTIONS/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void initilizeLCD(){
  lcdLeft.init();                     // initialize the lcd 
  lcdLeft.init();
  
  lcdLeft.backlight();
  lcdLeft.setCursor(4,0);             // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcdLeft.print("INHK  DJ");
  lcdLeft.setCursor(1,1);
  lcdLeft.print("By A.Monderisi");

  lcdRight.init();                    // initialize the lcd 
  lcdRight.init();

  lcdRight.backlight();
  lcdRight.setCursor(4,0);            // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcdRight.print("INHK  DJ");
  lcdRight.setCursor(0,1);
  lcdRight.print("...I am so cool!");
}
//LED FUNCTIONS/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void initializeLEDS(){
  pinMode(extraLedR_pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(extraLedL_pin, OUTPUT);
  ledBlink();
  extraLedBlink();
  extraLedBlink();
  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("LEDs initialization completed!"));
    Serial.println();
  #endif
}

void ledBlink(){
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LED; i++) {
      sr.set(i, LOW); // set single pin HIGH
    }
    delay(250);

    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LED; i++) {
      sr.set(i, HIGH); // set single pin HIGH
    }
    delay(250);
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LED; i++) {
      sr.set(i, LOW); // set single pin HIGH
    }
    delay(250);

    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LED; i++) {
      sr.set(i, HIGH); // set single pin HIGH
    }
    delay(250);

    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LED; i++) {
      sr.set(i, LOW); // set single pin HIGH
    }
    delay(250);

}

void extraLedBlink(){
  digitalWrite(extraLedR_pin, HIGH); // sets the digital pin 13 on
  digitalWrite(extraLedL_pin, HIGH); // sets the digital pin 13 ondelay(500);            // waits for a second
  delay(250);  
  digitalWrite(extraLedR_pin, LOW);  // sets the digital pin 13 off
  digitalWrite(extraLedL_pin, LOW);  // sets the digital pin 13 offdelay(500);            // waits for a second
  delay(250);            // waits for a second
}

//BUTTONS FUNCTIONS///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////



void initializeButtons() {

  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("Starting BUTTONS initialization..."));
    Serial.println();
  #endif

  // Set multiplexer control pins as outputs
  pinMode(s0, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(s1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(s2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(s3, OUTPUT);

  // Set the multiplexer signal pins as input with internal pull-up resistor
  pinMode(muxPin1, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(muxPin2, INPUT_PULLUP);

  buttonsFirstReading();

  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("BUTTONS initialization completed!"));
    Serial.println();
  #endif

}

// Function to read from the correct multiplexer based on index (0-31)
int readMux(int index) {
  int controlPin[] = {s0, s1, s2, s3};
  int channel = index % numChannels;
  int muxPin = (index < numChannels) ? muxPin1 : muxPin2;

  // Set the control pins to select the correct channel
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    digitalWrite(controlPin[i], (channel & (1 << i)) ? HIGH : LOW);
  }

  // Read the digital value from the corresponding multiplexer signal pin
  return digitalRead(muxPin);
}

void readButtons() {
  for (int i = 0; i < 2 * numChannels; i++) {                               // Read all 32 channels (0-15 for muxPin1, 16-31 for muxPin2)

    buttonCState[i] = readMux(i);
    
    if((millis() - lastTimeButtonStateChanged[i]) >debounceDuration){
            
      if (buttonCState[i] != buttonPState[i]) {                             // Check if the button state has changed
        lastTimeButtonStateChanged[i] = millis();
        (buttonCState[i] == LOW) ? button_Pressed_Outcome(i) : button_Released_Outcome(i);
        buttonPState[i] = buttonCState[i];                                  // Update the last known button state
      }                              
    }
  }
}

void button_Pressed_Outcome(uint8_t index){
  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.print(F("button pressed: "));
    Serial.println(index);
    Serial.print("\t");
  #endif
  switch (index){
    case 3: 
      leftLCD_activeMode = normal; 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("***BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED***"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 4: 
      leftLCD_activeMode = effects; 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("***BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED***"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 10: 
      leftLCD_activeMode = scratch; 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("***BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED***"));
      #endif
      break; 

    case 21: 
      rightLCD_activeMode = normal; 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("***BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED***"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 31: 
      rightLCD_activeMode = effects; 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("***BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED***"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 30: 
      rightLCD_activeMode = scratch; 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("***BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED***"));
      #endif
      break; 

    case 14: 
      leftPad = 1;                                          //change left PAD status to active 
      trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
      leftLCDmodeSpy();                                     //update spy LED and print debug message
      trellis1.pixels.clear();                              // clear Trellis LEDs
      break; 

    case 12: 
      leftDeck = !leftDeck;                                 //invert active left DECK from A to C and viceversa
      trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
      leftLCDmodeSpy();                                     //update spy LED and print debug message
      trellis1.pixels.clear();                              // clear Trellis LEDs
      break;

    case 23: 
      rightPad = 0;                                         //change right PAD status to active (right and left pad are wired the opposite way, here 0 is active) 
      trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
      rightLCDmodeSpy();                                    //update spy LED and print debug message
      trellis2.pixels.clear();                              // clear Trellis LEDs
      break; 

    case 19: 
      rightDeck = !rightDeck;                               //invert active right DECK from B to D and viceversa
      trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
      rightLCDmodeSpy();                                    //update spy LED and print debug messageZ
      trellis2.pixels.clear();                              // clear Trellis LEDs
      break;

    #ifdef DEBUG
    case 11: Serial.println(F("left ENC button pressed")); break;
    case 18: Serial.println(F("right ENC button pressed")); break;
    #endif
    default: 
      usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + index, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH); 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.print(F("MIDI msg -> Note ON: ")); 
        Serial.print(MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + index);
        Serial.println(F("\t value: 127")); 
      #endif
      break;

  }
}

void button_Released_Outcome(uint8_t index){
  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.print(F("button released: "));
    Serial.print(index);
    Serial.print("\t");
  #endif
    switch (index){
    case 3: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 4: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 10: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED"));
      #endif
      break; 

    case 21: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 31: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 30: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("BUTTON NOT YET ASSIGNED"));
      #endif
      break; 

    case 14: 
      leftPad = 0;                                          //change left PAD status to inactive 
      trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
      leftLCDmodeSpy();                                     //update spy LED and print debug message
      trellis1.pixels.clear();                              // clear Trellis LEDs
      break; 

    case 12: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("Button for A/C selection"));
      #endif
      break;

    case 23: 
      rightPad = 1;                                         //change right PAD status to inactive         
      trellisModesSelection();                              //updates the trellis selection modes
      rightLCDmodeSpy();                                    //update spy LED and print debug message
      trellis2.pixels.clear();                              // clear Trellis LEDs
      break; 

    case 19: 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println(F("Button for B/D selection"));
      #endif
      break;

    #ifdef DEBUG
    case 11: Serial.println(F("left ENC button released")); break;
    case 18: Serial.println(F("right ENC button released")); break;
    #endif
    default: 
      usbMIDI.sendNoteOff(MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + index, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH); 
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.print(F("MIDI-> Note OFF: ")); 
        Serial.print(MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + index);
        Serial.println(F("\t value: 127")); 
      #endif
      break;
  }
}

void buttonsFirstReading() {
  for (int i = 0; i < 2 * numChannels; i++) {                               // Read all 32 channels (0-15 for muxPin1, 16-31 for muxPin2)

    buttonCState[i] = readMux(i);
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.print(F("Button n: ")); Serial.print(i);
      Serial.print(F("\t Value: ")); Serial.println(buttonCState[i]); 
    #endif
  }
}


//POTS FUNTIONS///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void initializePots(){
  pinMode(signal_pin0, INPUT); // Set as input for reading through signal pin
  pinMode(signal_pin1, INPUT); // Set as input for reading through signal pin

  // Initialize lastValues to a value that will always trigger a change
  for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
      lastValues[i] = -1;  // Use -1 as an initial value to ensure the first read triggers a MIDI message
  }
  #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println(F("MUX POTS initialization completed!"));
    Serial.println();
  #endif
}

void updatePots(){
  readMux(0, signal_pin0);  // Read from the first multiplexer
  readMux(1, signal_pin1);  // Read from the second multiplexer
}

void readMux(uint16_t num, uint8_t pin) {
  // Loop through channels 0 - 15
  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
      mux.channel(i);  // Select the channel on the multiplexer
      int val = (analogRead(pin) >> 3);  // Read analog value and scale it down (0-127 for MIDI)

      int index = i + num * 16;  // Calculate the index in the lastValues array

      // Force values close to 0 or 127 to be exactly 0 or 127
      if (val ==1) val = 0;         // Snap to 0 if the value is 1

      // Handle jitter at edges (near 0 or 127) with stricter threshold
      if ((val <= edgeThreshold && abs(val - lastValues[index]) >= edgeThreshold) || 
          (val >= 127 - edgeThreshold && abs(val - lastValues[index]) >= edgeThreshold) || 
          // For general case, use the standard threshold
          abs(val - lastValues[index]) >= changeThreshold) {
          
          usbMIDI.sendControlChange((MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + i + num * 16), val, POTS_MIDI_CH);  // Send MIDI message
          lastValues[index] = val;  // Update the stored value

          #ifdef DEBUG
              // Print only when the value changes significantly, showing mux, channel, and value
              Serial.print(F("Mux-"));
              Serial.print(num);     // Print which mux (0 or 1) this value is from
              Serial.print(F("\t| Ch-"));
              Serial.print(i);       // Print which channel in the mux
              Serial.print(F("\t| Val="));
              Serial.print(val);   // Print the new value
              Serial.print(F("\t| MIDI MSG= CH:"));
              Serial.print(POTS_MIDI_CH);   // Print the midi channel
              Serial.print(F("\t| cc:"));
              Serial.print(MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + i + num * 16);   // Print the midi cc 
              Serial.print(F("\t| value:"));
              Serial.println(val);
          #endif
      }
  }
}

//EXTRAPOTS FUNTIONS//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void initializeExtraPots(){

  // Initialize last readings
  for (int i = 0; i < EXTRA_POT_NUM; i++) {
    lastextraPotReading[i] = Pot[i].readValue();
  }

  #ifdef DEBUG  
    Serial.print(F("Number of EXTRA POTS found: "));
    Serial.println(Potentiometer::getCounter()); 
    Serial.println(F("EXTRA POTS initialization completed!"));
    Serial.println();
  #endif  

}

void updateExtraPots() {                                          // Update and print potentiometer readings if they have changed
  for (int i = 0; i < EXTRA_POT_NUM; i++) {
    int val = Pot[i].readValue();

    if (val != lastextraPotReading[i]) {         // Check if the current reading is different from the last reading
      usbMIDI.sendControlChange((EXTRA_POT_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + i), val, POTS_MIDI_CH);  // Send M
      lastextraPotReading[i] = val;              // Update last reading

      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.print(F("Pot #")); Serial.print(i + 1); 
        Serial.write('\t');                                          
        Serial.print(val);
        Serial.write('\t'); 
        Serial.print(F("cc:"));
        Serial.print(EXTRA_POT_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + i);
        Serial.write('\t'); 
        Serial.print(F("CH:")); 
        Serial.println(POTS_MIDI_CH);                                        
      #endif
    }
  }
}

//ENCODERS FUNCTIONS ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void readEncoders(){

  long newLeft;
  newLeft = knobLeft.read();
    if (newLeft != positionLeft) {
    uint8_t val;
    val = (newLeft > positionLeft) ? 127 : 1;
    usbMIDI.sendControlChange((LEFT_ENC_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + leftEncModeOffset), val, POTS_MIDI_CH);
    #ifdef DEBUG
    Serial.println();
      Serial.print(F("Left ENC position = "));
      Serial.println(newLeft);
    #endif
    positionLeft = newLeft;
    }

  long newRight;
  newRight = knobRight.read();
  if(newRight != positionRight){
    uint8_t val;
    val = (newRight > positionRight) ? 127 : 1;
    usbMIDI.sendControlChange((RIGHT_ENC_MIDI_MSG_OFFSET + rightEncModeOffset), val, POTS_MIDI_CH);
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.print(F("Right ENC position = "));
      Serial.println(newRight);
      Serial.println();
    #endif
    positionRight = newRight;
  }
}

 
//TRELLIS FUNCTIONS ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void initializeTrellis(){
  // Initialize the first NeoTrellis board
  if (!trellis1.begin(0x2E)) {  // Address for the first board
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println();
      Serial.println(F("Could not start trellis 1"));
    #endif
    while(1) delay(1);
  } else {
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println();
        Serial.println(F("Trellis 1 started"));
      #endif
  }

  // Initialize the second NeoTrellis board
  if (!trellis2.begin(0x2F)) {  // Address for the second board
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println();
      Serial.println(F("Could not start trellis 2"));
    #endif
    while(1) delay(1);
  } else {
      #ifdef DEBUG
        Serial.println();
        Serial.println(F("Trellis 2 started"));
        Serial.println();
      #endif
  }

  // Activate all keys and set callbacks for the first and second board
  for(int i = 0; i < NEO_TRELLIS_NUM_KEYS; i++){
    trellis1.activateKey(i, SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_RISING);
    trellis1.activateKey(i, SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_FALLING);
    trellis1.registerCallback(i, press1);
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < NEO_TRELLIS_NUM_KEYS; i++){
    trellis2.activateKey(i, SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_RISING);
    trellis2.activateKey(i, SEESAW_KEYPAD_EDGE_FALLING);
    trellis2.registerCallback(i, press2);
  }

  // Do a little animation to show we're on for the first and second board
  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < trellis1.pixels.numPixels(); i++) {
    trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor(i, Wheel(map(i, 0, trellis1.pixels.numPixels(), 0, 255)));
    trellis1.pixels.show();
    delay(25);
  }
  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < trellis1.pixels.numPixels(); i++) {
    trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor(i, 0x000000);
    trellis1.pixels.show();
    delay(25);
  }

  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < trellis2.pixels.numPixels(); i++) {
    trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor(i, Wheel(map(i, 0, trellis2.pixels.numPixels(), 0, 255)));
    trellis2.pixels.show();
    delay(25);
  }
  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < trellis2.pixels.numPixels(); i++) {
    trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor(i, 0x000000);
    trellis2.pixels.show();
    delay(25);
  }
}

void readBothTrellis(){
    unsigned long currentMillis = millis();                       // Get the current time   
    if (currentMillis - prevMillisTrellis1 >= INTERVAL) {         // Read from the first trellis board
        prevMillisTrellis1 = currentMillis;                       // Save the current time
        trellis1.read();                                          // Read and handle events from the first board
    }    
    if (currentMillis - prevMillisTrellis2 >= INTERVAL) {         // Read from the second trellis board
        prevMillisTrellis2 = currentMillis;                       // Save the current time
        trellis2.read();                                          // Read and handle events from the second board
    }
}


// CLOUR WHEEL: Input a value 0 to 255 to get a color value. The colors are a transition r - g - b - back to r.
uint32_t Wheel(byte WheelPos) {
  if(WheelPos < 85) {
    return trellis1.pixels.Color(WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3, 0);
  } else if(WheelPos < 170) {
    WheelPos -= 85;
    return trellis1.pixels.Color(255 - WheelPos * 3, 0, WheelPos * 3);
  } else {
    WheelPos -= 170;
    return trellis1.pixels.Color(0, WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3);
  }
  return 0;
}

// ACTIVE TRELLIS SELECTION

void trellisModesSelection(){
  
  // left trellis:

  if (!leftDeck && !leftPad) {
    trellis1_activeMode = deck0;
    offset_Trellis1 = 0;
    // Serial.println("Deck A active");
  }
  if (!leftDeck && leftPad) {
    trellis1_activeMode = pad0;
    offset_Trellis1 = 16;
    // Serial.println("Pad A active");
  }
  if (leftDeck && !leftPad) {
    trellis1_activeMode = deck1;
    offset_Trellis1 = 32;
    // Serial.println("Deck C active");
  }
  if (leftDeck && leftPad) {
    trellis1_activeMode = pad1;
    offset_Trellis1 = 48;
    // Serial.println("Pad C active");
  }

    // right trellis:

  if (!rightDeck && !rightPad) {
    trellis2_activeMode = deck0;
    offset_Trellis2 = 0;
    // Serial.println("Deck A active");
  }
  if (!rightDeck && rightPad) {
    trellis2_activeMode = pad0;
    offset_Trellis2 = 16;
    // Serial.println("Pad A active");
  }
  if (rightDeck && !rightPad) {
    trellis2_activeMode = deck1;
    offset_Trellis2 = 32;
    // Serial.println("Deck C active");
  }
  if (rightDeck && rightPad) {
    trellis2_activeMode = pad1;
    offset_Trellis2 = 48;
    // Serial.println("Pad C active");
  }
}


// RECEIVING MIDI////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void OnNoteOn(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
  if(channel == TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH){
    int adjustedNote = note - MIDI_MSG_OFFSET; // this keeps into account that the note has been offset 
    uint32_t color = 0;  // Placeholder for the color to set

    // Determine the color based on the velocity value
    if (velocity < 10)                                // LED OFF
      color = (0);
    else if (velocity == 10)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(1, 1, 1);         // white dim
    else if (velocity == 11)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(85, 85, 85);   // white 
    else if (velocity == 12)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(2, 0, 0);         // red dim
    else if (velocity == 13)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(127, 0, 0);       // red bright
    else if (velocity == 14)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 1, 0);         // green dim
    else if (velocity == 15)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 127, 0);       //green bright
    else if (velocity == 16)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 0, 7);         // blue dim
    else if (velocity == 17)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 0, 127);       // blue bright
    else if (velocity == 18)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(2, 2, 0);         // yellow dim
    else if (velocity == 19)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(64, 64, 0);     // yellow bright
    else if (velocity == 20)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(5, 2, 0);         // Orange dim
    else if (velocity == 21)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(60, 12, 0);       // Orange bright
    else if (velocity == 22)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 4, 1);         // Green Sea dim
    else if (velocity == 23)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 127, 24);      // Green Sea bright
    else if (velocity == 24)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 0, 2);         // Blue sky dim
    else if (velocity == 25)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 127, 127);     // Blue sky bright
    else if (velocity == 26)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(1, 0, 1);         // Fuxia dim
    else if (velocity == 27)
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(63, 0, 127);      // Fuxia bright
    else if (velocity > 27 && velocity <= 30) {
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 0, 0);           // LED off
    }
    else if (velocity >= 30 && velocity <= 40) {        // Green with varying brightness  
      int brightness = map(velocity, 30, 40, 0, 255);   // interpret velocity sent by traktor to determine color of pixel 
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, brightness, 0);  // Green color 
    }
    else if (velocity > 40 && velocity <= 50) {
          int brightness = map(velocity, 40, 50, 0, 255);
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 0, brightness);  // Blue color
    }
    else if (velocity > 50 && velocity <= 55) {
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(0, 0, 0);           // LED off
    }
    else if (velocity > 55 && velocity <= 65) {
      int brightness = map(velocity, 55, 65, 0, 255);
      color = trellis1.pixels.Color(brightness, 0, 0);  // Red color
    }
    else
    color = trellis1.pixels.Color(127, 127, 127);


    // Set the pixel color based on the active mode and adjusted note
    switch(trellis1_activeMode){
      case deck0:
        if(adjustedNote < 16) 
          trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), color); 
      break;
      case pad0:
        if((adjustedNote >= 16) && (adjustedNote < 32))  
          trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), color); 
      break;
      case deck1: 
        if((adjustedNote >= 32) && (adjustedNote < 48))   
          trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), color); 
      break;
      case pad1:
        if((adjustedNote >= 48) && (adjustedNote < 64))   
          trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), color); 
      break;
      default:
        return;
    }

    // Show the updated pixel colors
    trellis1.pixels.show();
  }

  if(channel == TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH) {
    int adjustedNote = note - MIDI_MSG_OFFSET; // this keeps into account that the note has been offset 
    uint32_t color = 0;  // Placeholder for the color to set

    // Determine the color based on the velocity value
    if (velocity < 10)                                // LED OFF
      color = (0);
    else if (velocity == 10)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(1, 1, 1);         // white dim
    else if (velocity == 11)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(85, 85, 85);   // white 
    else if (velocity == 12)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(2, 0, 0);         // red dim
    else if (velocity == 13)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(127, 0, 0);       // red bright
    else if (velocity == 14)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 1, 0);         // green dim
    else if (velocity == 15)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 127, 0);       // green bright
    else if (velocity == 16)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 0, 7);         // blue dim
    else if (velocity == 17)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 0, 127);       // blue bright
    else if (velocity == 18)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(2, 2, 0);         // yellow dim
    else if (velocity == 19)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(64, 64, 0);     // yellow bright  
    else if (velocity == 20)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(5, 2, 0);         // Orange dim
    else if (velocity == 21)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(60, 12, 0);       // Orange bright
    else if (velocity == 22)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 4, 1);         // Green Sea dim
    else if (velocity == 23)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 127, 24);      // Green Sea bright
    else if (velocity == 24)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 0, 2);         // Blue sky dim
    else if (velocity == 25)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 127, 127);     // Blue sky bright
    else if (velocity == 26)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(1, 0, 1);         // Fuxia dim
    else if (velocity == 27)
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(63, 0, 127);      // Fuxia bright
    
    else if (velocity > 27 && velocity <= 30) {
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 0, 0);           // LED off
    }

    else if (velocity >= 30 && velocity <= 40) {        // Green with varying brightness  
      int brightness = map(velocity, 30, 40, 0, 255);   // interpret velocity sent by traktor to determine color of pixel 
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, brightness, 0);  // Green color 
    }
    else if (velocity > 40 && velocity <= 50) {
      int brightness = map(velocity, 40, 50, 0, 255);
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 0, brightness);  // Blue color
    }
    else if (velocity > 50 && velocity <= 55) {
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(0, 0, 0);           // LED off
    }
    else if (velocity > 55 && velocity <= 65) {
      int brightness = map(velocity, 55, 65, 0, 255);
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(brightness, 0, 0);  // Red color
    }
    else
      color = trellis2.pixels.Color(127, 127, 127);

    // Set the pixel color based on the active mode and adjusted note
    switch(trellis2_activeMode) {
      case deck0:
        if(adjustedNote < 16) 
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), color); 
      break;
      case pad0:
        if((adjustedNote >= 16) && (adjustedNote < 32))  
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), color); 
      break;
      case deck1: 
        if((adjustedNote >= 32) && (adjustedNote < 48))   
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), color); 
      break;
      case pad1:
        if((adjustedNote >= 48) && (adjustedNote < 64))   
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), color); 
      break;
      default:
        return;
    }

    // Show the updated pixel colors
    trellis2.pixels.show();
  }


  if(channel == LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH){
    switch(note){
      case 27: sr.set(0, HIGH); break;
      case 23: sr.set(1, HIGH); break;
      case 36: sr.set(2, HIGH); break;
      case 31: sr.set(3, HIGH); break;
      case 15: sr.set(4, HIGH); break;
      case 21: sr.set(5, HIGH); break;
      case 34: sr.set(6, HIGH); break;
      case 16: sr.set(7, HIGH); break;
      case 20: sr.set(8, HIGH); break;
      case 14: sr.set(9, HIGH); break;
      case 19: sr.set(10, HIGH); break;
      case 43: sr.set(11, HIGH); break;
      case 42: sr.set(12, HIGH); break;
      case 41: sr.set(13, HIGH); break;
      case 30: sr.set(14, HIGH); break;
      case 40: sr.set(15, HIGH); break;    
      default: 
        return;
    }
  }

}

void OnNoteOff(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
  if(channel == TRELLIS1_MIDI_CH){
    int adjustedNote = note - MIDI_MSG_OFFSET; // this keeps into account that the note has been offset 
    switch(trellis1_activeMode){
      case deck0:
        if(adjustedNote < 16) 
        trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      case pad0:
        if((adjustedNote >= 16) && (adjustedNote < 32))  
        trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      case deck1: 
        if((adjustedNote >= 32) && (adjustedNote < 48))   
        trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      case pad1:
        if((adjustedNote >= 48) && (adjustedNote < 64))   
        trellis1.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis1), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      default:
        return;
    }
  trellis1.pixels.show();  
  }

  if(channel == TRELLIS2_MIDI_CH){
    int adjustedNote = note - MIDI_MSG_OFFSET; // this keeps into account that the note has been offset 
    switch(trellis2_activeMode){
      case deck0:
        if(adjustedNote < 16) 
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      case pad0:
        if((adjustedNote >= 16) && (adjustedNote < 32))  
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      case deck1: 
        if((adjustedNote >= 32) && (adjustedNote < 48))   
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      case pad1:
        if((adjustedNote >= 48) && (adjustedNote < 64))   
          trellis2.pixels.setPixelColor((adjustedNote - offset_Trellis2), 0, 0, 0); 
      break;
      default:
        return;
    }
  trellis2.pixels.show();  
  }

  if(channel == LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH){
    switch(note){
      case 27: sr.set(0, LOW); break;
      case 23: sr.set(1, LOW); break;
      case 36: sr.set(2, LOW); break;
      case 31: sr.set(3, LOW); break;
      case 15: sr.set(4, LOW); break;
      case 21: sr.set(5, LOW); break;
      case 34: sr.set(6, LOW); break;
      case 16: sr.set(7, LOW); break;
      case 20: sr.set(8, LOW); break;
      case 14: sr.set(9, LOW); break;
      case 19: sr.set(10, LOW); break;
      case 43: sr.set(11, LOW); break;
      case 42: sr.set(12, LOW); break;
      case 41: sr.set(13, LOW); break;
      case 30: sr.set(14, LOW); break;
      case 40: sr.set(15, LOW); break;    
      default: 
        return;
    }
  }

}


void leftLCDmodeSpy(){
 switch(trellis1_activeMode){
  case deck0:
    digitalWrite(extraLedL_pin, HIGH);
    offset_Trellis1 = 0;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK A = 0, PAD A 16, DECK C = 32,  PAD C 48
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs 
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("DECK A"));
    #endif
      break;
  case pad0: 
    digitalWrite(extraLedL_pin, HIGH); 
    offset_Trellis1 = 16;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK A = 0, PAD A 16, DECK C = 32,  PAD C 48
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("PAD A"));
    #endif
      break;
  case deck1: 
    digitalWrite(extraLedL_pin, LOW); 
    offset_Trellis1 = 32;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK A = 0, PAD A 16, DECK C = 32,  PAD C 48 
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("DECK C"));
    #endif
      break;
  case pad1:
    digitalWrite(extraLedL_pin, LOW);  
    offset_Trellis1 = 48;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK A = 0, PAD A 16, DECK C = 32,  PAD C 48 
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("PAD  C"));
    #endif
      break;
  default:
  return;
 }
}


void rightLCDmodeSpy(){
 switch(trellis2_activeMode){
  case deck0:
    digitalWrite(extraLedR_pin, HIGH); 
    offset_Trellis2 = 0;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK B = 0, PAD B 16, DECK D = 32, PAD B 48
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("DECK B"));
    #endif
      break;
  case pad0: 
    digitalWrite(extraLedR_pin, HIGH); 
    offset_Trellis2 = 16;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK B = 0, PAD B 16, DECK D = 32, PAD B 48
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("PAD B"));
    #endif
      break;
  case deck1: 
    digitalWrite(extraLedR_pin, LOW); 
    offset_Trellis2 = 32;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK B = 0, PAD B 16, DECK D = 32, PAD B 48
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("DECK D"));
    #endif
      break;
  case pad1:
    digitalWrite(extraLedR_pin, LOW);  
    offset_Trellis2 = 48;  // offset for the trellis modes ie. DECK B = 0, PAD B 16, DECK D = 32, PAD B 48
    usbMIDI.sendNoteOn(127, 127, LED_BUTTON_MIDI_CH);     // midi message to be assigned to Global - SendMonitorState in Traktor to refresh trellis LEDs
    #ifdef DEBUG
      Serial.println(F("PAD  D"));
    #endif
      break;
  default:
  return;
 }
}

The funny thing is that in order to post the code I copied all the single tabs in on efile and now the arduino IDE compile it without errors. Is this something that could be due to the file being split ? It's really odd. ... if I add this line at the beginning of the script:
"#define DEBUG_BUTTONS" in the file with separated tabs (the one posted above), it causes problems, the behaviour is so odd that the file will not compile even if I then delete the line, but it will if I undo until before writing the line .....

xfpd · October 2, 2024, 6:45pm

The compile error in post #1 says Wire.h does not exist, and it was called from LiquidCrystal_I2C.h (probably) in the library path with < these > and not locally with " these "

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 7:03pm

To be honest what puzzles me is why the same file compiled without error before adding the #define line and then does no longer compile after I included that line, and more than that, it still does not compile when I remove it again (by deleting that line), although it does when I "undo" it. So I am I am inclined to ignore what the error says, (but maybe I am wrong). If there was a problem finding the library I would have had the error even before adding the line. Also I don't get the error with this code when the file is not split into several tabs....

sonofcy · October 2, 2024, 7:59pm

You got the answer in the preceding post.

fluxia · October 2, 2024, 9:13pm

Thanks, I am not sure I understood it though. . Specifically I don't understand how the library suddenly is not longer found just after adding a #define statement ...

sterretje · October 3, 2024, 4:57am

Which board are you compiling for? Looks like a 32U4 based board.

At the moment I can't compile your sketch (zip) because I do not now which library you use for the MIDI; which MIDI library are you using?

To find out where it goes wrong when you add the #define, you need to look at the file that the IDE actually compiles. To do so,

Enable verbose output during compilation under file/preferences in the IDE.
Compile your sketch.
Copy the output to a text editor (for easy searching).
Search for ino.cpp; you will find a path like C:\Users\yourUsername\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino\sketches\06E41F9258254C620ED25ACBC423E62C\sketch\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino.cpp
Using file explorer, navigate to that file and open it with a text editor and inspect.

Before the actual compile the "IDE" combines all your ino files to one big file (the ino.cpp) and somewhere along the line it drops a stitch while doing that. This is a long (and I mean looooooooooooong) known issue, it does not happen often but it does happen at occasion.

fluxia · October 3, 2024, 8:44am

You are right, I forgot to specify this... you don't need a library it's a teensy2.0 board and you I had to install teensyduino. Then select Tools->USB Type in the IDE Tool menu.
https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_midi.html
the problem only arises with the file that I have uploaded. If you try to compile the "one tab" version that I paste in post #15 adding the #define line will not create any issue

ptillisch · October 3, 2024, 9:20am

Hi @fluxia. I think this is happening due to a bug in Arduino IDE:

github.com/arduino/arduino-cli

Compilation fails with spurious "`No such file or directory`" error if line number of `#include` directives are changed while editor is "dirty"

opened 04:49PM - 23 Jul 24 UTC

Curvedair2024

topic: code type: imperfection

### Describe the problem An Arduino IDE editor tab can be in one of two state…s: - **Saved**: the contents of the file on disk matches the content in the editor buffer - The editor will always be in this state if the "**Auto save**" feature is enabled. - **Dirty**: the contents of the file on disk differs from the content staged in the editor buffer. - This is indicated by the presence of a ⬤ at the right side of the editor tab. Regardless of the state, when a compilation is triggered, it is the code in the editor buffer that must be compiled. At the start of the sketch compilation process, Arduino CLI performs a "library discovery" procedure, where the preprocessor is run tentatively on the sketch program repeatedly. If preprocessing fails, Arduino CLI parses the text of the error message. If it is a "`No such file or directory`" error from an `#include` directive, the header filename is extracted from that directive and the searches installed libraries are searched to find the one that provides that header file. The library is added to the compiler's ["search path"](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/cpp/Search-Path.html), then the process repeated until either the preprocessing passes, or else a library can't be discovered for an `#include` directive (see [the flowchart](#library-discovery-overview) in the "**Additional context**" section of the issue if this isn't clear). 🐛 Sketch compilation fails if the sketch code staged in the editor buffer differs from the file on disk in a way that causes one `#include` directive to be present in the staged code at the line number of a different `#include` directive in the file on disk. ### To reproduce 1. Select **File > Preferences** from the Arduino IDE menus. 1. Uncheck the box next to "**Auto save**". 1. Click the "**OK** button. 1. Select **File > New Sketch** from the Arduino IDE menus. A new sketch will open in an Arduino IDE window. 1. Change the sketch code to the following: ```cpp #include <EEPROM.h> #include <SPI.h> #include <SoftwareSerial.h> #include <Wire.h> void setup() {} void loop() {} ``` **ⓘ** The fault will occur with any sketch that contains multiple consecutive `#include` directives. 1. Select **File > Save As...** from the Arduino IDE menus. 1. Save the sketch to any convenient location. 1. Select **Tools > Board > Arduino AVR Boards > Arduino Uno** from the Arduino IDE menus. **ⓘ** The fault will occur with any board. The "Arduino Uno" was picked arbitrarily for the sake of the demonstration. 1. Select **Sketch > Verify/Compile** from the Arduino IDE menus. 🙂 The sketch compiles without errors. 1. Add a blank line at the top of the sketch. ❗ Do not save the sketch. It must be in a "dirty" state to reproduce the fault. 1. Select **Sketch > Verify/Compile** from the Arduino IDE menus. 🐛 Compilation fails spuriously: ```text C:\Users\per\Documents\Arduino\Foo\Foo.ino:2:10: fatal error: EEPROM.h: No such file or directory #include <SPI.h> ^~~~~~~ ``` **ⓘ** Note that the `#include` directive for `EEPROM.h` is at line 1 in the file on disk, while it is at line 2 in the staged code, which is the position of the `#include` directive for `SPI.h` in the file on disk. 1. Add another blank line at the top of the sketch. ❗ Do not save the sketch. It must be in a "dirty" state to reproduce the fault. 1. Select **Sketch > Verify/Compile** from the Arduino IDE menus. 🐛 Compilation fails spuriously: ```text C:\Users\per\Documents\Arduino\Foo\Foo.ino:2:10: fatal error: EEPROM.h: No such file or directory #include <SoftwareSerial.h> ^~~~~~~~~~ ``` 1. Add another blank line at the top of the sketch. ❗ Do not save the sketch. It must be in a "dirty" state to reproduce the fault. 1. Select **Sketch > Verify/Compile** from the Arduino IDE menus. 🐛 Compilation fails spuriously: ```text C:\Users\per\Documents\Arduino\Foo\Foo.ino:2:10: fatal error: EEPROM.h: No such file or directory #include <Wire.h> ^~~~~~~~ ``` 1. Add another blank line at the top of the sketch. 1. Select **Sketch > Verify/Compile** from the Arduino IDE menus. 🙂 The sketch compiles without errors. **ⓘ** Note that the `#include` directive for `EEPROM.h` is at line 1 in the file on disk, while it is at line 5 in the staged code, which is the position of the `setup` function definition in the file on disk. ### Expected behavior Library discovery always works correctly, even when a sketch is in a "dirty" state. ### Arduino IDE version aa9b10d ### Operating system Windows ### Operating system version - Windows 10 - Windows 11 ### Additional context The fault does not occur if the sketch is not in a "dirty" state when compiled, whether the non-dirty state is achieved by the IDE's auto save, or by saving manually. --- Blank lines were added in the demo for the sake of simplicity, but the fault occurs regardless of what the content of the added line is. <a name="workaround"></a> #### Workaround Select **File > Save** from the Arduino IDE menus. <a name="library-discovery-overview"></a> #### Library discovery overview In case the text description of library discovery provided in the introduction is not clear, this flowchart might make it easier to understand: ```mermaid %%{ init: { 'flowchart': { 'curve': 'monotoneY' }, 'theme': 'base', 'themeVariables': { 'clusterBkg': '#ffffff', 'edgeLabelBackground': '#ffffff', 'lineColor': '#000000', 'primaryBorderColor': '#000000', 'primaryColor': '#f0f0f0', 'primaryTextColor': '#000000' } } }%% flowchart TB subgraph main[" "] direction TB compileCommand(["<code>compile</code> command"]) selectSketchFile[/"Select unprocessed sketch file"/] done{"All processed?"} preprocess[/"C++ preprocess"/] preprocessorError{"Error?"} parseError[/"Parse error message"/] includeError{"<code>#include</code> error?"} headerAvailable{"A library provides header?"} addToSearchPath["Add library to search path"] compile[["Compilation"]] failure(["Error"]) compileCommand --> selectSketchFile selectSketchFile --> done done -- "Yes" --------> compile done -- "No" --> preprocess preprocess --> preprocessorError preprocessorError -- "Yes" --> parseError parseError --> includeError includeError -- "Yes" --> headerAvailable headerAvailable -- "Yes" --> addToSearchPath addToSearchPath --> preprocess preprocessorError -- "No" --> selectSketchFile includeError -- "No" ----> failure headerAvailable -- "No" --> compile end ``` #### Additional reports - https://forum.arduino.cc/t/ide-2-1-bug-i-m-only-adding-a-new-blank-line/1144525 - https://forum.arduino.cc/t/ide-2-2-1-possible-compiler-bug/1208608 - https://forum.arduino.cc/t/blank-lines-inserted-at-start-of-sketch-causes-library-errors/1283385 - https://forum.arduino.cc/t/library-not-found-if-called-in-different-line-in-sketch/1023831 ### Issue checklist - [X] I searched for previous reports in [the issue tracker](https://github.com/arduino/arduino-ide/issues?q=) - [X] I verified the problem still occurs when using the latest [nightly build](https://www.arduino.cc/en/software#nightly-builds) - [X] My report contains all necessary details

Please try this:

Select File > Save from the Arduino IDE menus.
Attempt to compile the sketch again.

Does the sketch now compile successfully, without the unexpected "No such file or directory" error?

fluxia · October 3, 2024, 9:33am

Thanks I am gonna try and let you know! in the meantime I tried to do what suggesetd by @sterretje
this is the result:
when compiled succesfully (without the added line ie.
#define DEBUGBUTTONS
the files 3 files in the temp folder (Users\yourUsername\AppData\Local\Temp\arduino\sketches\06E41F9258254C620ED25ACBC423E62C\sketch. see pic below:
Capture3
when the line is added and file deos not compile I only get the first file "COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino.cpp" with th eadditional cpp.d and cpp.o files.

also the difference between the two "COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino.cpp" files is that the successful version has an additional part. @sterretje I suppose this is the stitch your are referring to (I am going to paste it below). I haven't tried the solution suggested by @ptillisch as yet and will update the post after I have done that.

this is the added "stitch":


// Define a callback for key presses on the first board
#line 116 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino"
TrellisCallback press1(keyEvent evt);
#line 137 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino"
TrellisCallback press2(keyEvent evt);
#line 4 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\B-SETUP_LOOP.ino"
void setup();
#line 28 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\B-SETUP_LOOP.ino"
void loop();
#line 4 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\C_LCD.ino"
void initilizeLCD();
#line 3 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\D_LEDS.ino"
void initializeLEDS();
#line 16 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\D_LEDS.ino"
void ledBlink();
#line 43 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\D_LEDS.ino"
void extraLedBlink();
#line 6 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\E_BUTTONS.ino"
void initializeButtons();
#line 35 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\E_BUTTONS.ino"
int readMux(int index);
#line 49 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\E_BUTTONS.ino"
void readButtons();
#line 65 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\E_BUTTONS.ino"
void button_Pressed_Outcome(uint8_t index);
#line 158 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\E_BUTTONS.ino"
void button_Released_Outcome(uint8_t index);
#line 242 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\E_BUTTONS.ino"
void buttonsFirstReading();
#line 4 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\F_POTENTIOMETERS.ino"
void initializePots();
#line 19 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\F_POTENTIOMETERS.ino"
void updatePots();
#line 24 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\F_POTENTIOMETERS.ino"
void readMux(uint16_t num, uint8_t pin);
#line 65 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\F_POTENTIOMETERS.ino"
void initializeExtraPots();
#line 81 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\F_POTENTIOMETERS.ino"
void updateExtraPots();
#line 4 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\G_ENCODERS.ino"
void readEncoders();
#line 4 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\H_TRELLIS.ino"
void initializeTrellis();
#line 71 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\H_TRELLIS.ino"
void readBothTrellis();
#line 85 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\H_TRELLIS.ino"
uint32_t Wheel(byte WheelPos);
#line 100 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\H_TRELLIS.ino"
void trellisModesSelection();
#line 3 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\I_RECEIVING_MIDI.ino"
void OnNoteOn(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity);
#line 213 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\I_RECEIVING_MIDI.ino"
void OnNoteOff(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity);
#line 2 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\L_Helper_funtions.ino"
void leftLCDmodeSpy();
#line 42 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\L_Helper_funtions.ino"
void rightLCDmodeSpy();
#line 116 "C:\\Users\\WEB\\Desktop\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2\\COMPLETE_BUILT_v2_2.ino"

sterretje · October 3, 2024, 9:38am

Not wanting to derail the topic but just trying to learn.

I think that @fluxia is using IDE 1.x (at least it was posted in the IDE 1.x category); does this bug in the CLI also affects IDE 1.x?

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IDE 2.1 Bug ? I´m only adding a new blank line IDE 2.x	19	642	July 31, 2024
Error include Wire.h IDE 2.x	54	215	January 28, 2026

Odd compile error: "No such file or directory" cause: #include #define SOLVED

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