@awneil You are right, the datasheet of the BQ24195L allow up to 17V nominal and up to 22V on peak.
If no one knows, i am going to get mine this week and try to power it by 6V on VIN.
I would be careful they gave it that rating for a reason. The schematic I looked has the gate of the MOSFET connected to Vin, exceeding the Vgs voltage would destroy the MOSFET. I do not know the part number.
That is an example of why I ask for annotated schematics. You could put a 100V cap on the input of a 7805 and tell the world it will take 100 volts. The capacitor will but determining factor is the weakest link, the 7805 which would probably be less then 40V. If you check data sheets the 7805 has different max input voltages depending on the manufacturer.
I always thought, Arduino is a great platform to start, but now i revise my opinion. How should a beginner know, why he should not use more than 5V, even if the tech-specs allow more voltage. Shame on arduino. :(((
So even if you understood the BQ24195 regulator design and came to the conclusion that 6V is probably OK, there is no guarantee that the schematics you are basing your conclusions on are correct.
If you try 6V, let us know if it's OK
6V is inside the rating so it should be OK. If you are concerned make sure nothing gets hot. The design is actually the sum of the parts and the problem child will be the weakest link. I agree with their voltage rating, not with the suggestion of 12V. It is there part they warrant it. You can use a 1000 volt piece of wire to connect your LED but that does not indicate it will work at 1000V. You can only protect for so much, not every conceivable possibility will be covered.