Google "SD voltage tolerance" finds quite some information, e.g.:
https://forum.arduino.cc/t/do-not-use-this-sd-card-module-with-5v-arduinos/601589
MicroSD card modules, on the other hand, typically have level-shifting ICs that convert the 5V signals to 3.3V. They work fine. I don't know why standard-size SD modules don't also include these ICs.
Would need additional investigation to confirm.