Hello. I'm thinking about getting a arduino controller, it's been something I've wanted to do for a long time now. But my question is is there any way to program other chips or something so that I can do other projects. Example say I wanted to make a ambient lighting system using the micro controller for my house, is it possible to do this without dedicating the board to one purpose?
Yes, many people do this. They develop the hardware interfacing and the software on their development system and then later build a dedicated controller that has just the support required for the project. If you search around this site you should find many references to 'bare bone' type processor set-ups either home made or using vendor supplied PCB.
So I've done my research about the standalone arduino's so correct me if I'm wrong but all you need to do is program your atmega chip in the arduino, pop it out, and hook it up with a resonator and a good 5 volt supply?