Basic GET request WifiNINA

darthvader072 · May 24, 2023, 9:49am

Hi!
I'm trying to do basic GET-request to an API.
For testing purpose I'm currently using the Star Wars API, but I always receive a status code of -2.

I'm not sure what I'm doing wrong, the board is connected to the WiFi, so is my laptop.
If I use Postman to do the same request I get a correct response.

The JSON response is not really what I need, most important is that I get the succesful response code 200.
I'm already trying for 2 days

I use the ArduinoHttpClient library and their example of "Simple GET client".
But so far, I don't get it working.

/*
  Simple GET client for ArduinoHttpClient library
  Connects to server once every five seconds, sends a GET request

  created 14 Feb 2016
  modified 22 Jan 2019
  by Tom Igoe
  
  this example is in the public domain
 */
#include <ArduinoHttpClient.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

#include "arduino_secrets.h"

///////please enter your sensitive data in the Secret tab/arduino_secrets.h
/////// Wifi Settings ///////
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;

char serverAddress[] = "http://swapi.dev/api/people/1";  // server address
int port = 80;

WiFiClient wifi;
HttpClient client = HttpClient(wifi, serverAddress, port);
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while ( status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to Network named: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);                   // print the network name (SSID);

    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
  }

  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your WiFi shield's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);
}

void loop() {
  Serial.println("making GET request");
  client.get("/");

  // read the status code and body of the response
  int statusCode = client.responseStatusCode();
  String response = client.responseBody();

  Serial.print("Status code: ");
  Serial.println(statusCode);
  Serial.print("Response: ");
  Serial.println(response);
  Serial.println("Wait five seconds");
  delay(5000);
}

Monitor:

11:41:14.539 -> Wait five seconds
11:41:19.540 -> making GET request
11:41:50.576 -> Status code: -2
11:41:50.576 -> Response: 

(this goes on and on)

Juraj · May 24, 2023, 11:09am

char serverAddress[] = "swapi.dev";

and

client.get("/api/people/1");

docdoc · May 24, 2023, 11:10am

Just after a quick peek (I'll have a more detailed look later as soon as I'll have enough time), I supect it's a timeout. But I wonder how Arduino could translate "swapi.dev" into an IP address: if it's your development PC, try to directly put on the URI its IP address instead of that hostname and see if it works (in this case, you could just assign a static address to your PC).

darthvader072 · May 24, 2023, 11:47am

Thank you for your reply! I actually did tried this already.
The weird thing is that I get a response code of 301 (which is "Moved Permanently").
So something is still different as when I send it with postman, which results in 200 OK.

I would expect the same when doing this with the nano 33.
I did tried to print the path I'm actually am requesting, without succes.

darthvader072 · May 24, 2023, 11:56am

I've tried this by entering my own computer IP but no luck? Basically I'm returning than to the original SimpleGET example.

Juraj · May 24, 2023, 1:01pm

it is because the site requires secure connection (https).
use

int port = 443;

WiFiSSLClient wifi;

darthvader072 · May 25, 2023, 1:57pm

Hi Juraj,

Okay, so the Star Wars API worked.
However I know call a GET-request to my server which runs at 192.168.2.198/command, port 80

If I fire this with postman it works, but again if I fire it from the nano board, it doesn't.
Do you maybe have a clue?

I've tried a variant as this:

#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

#include "arduino_secrets.h" 

//--> DEFINE NETWORK SETTINGS
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;       
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;    
int keyIndex = 0;           

char server[] = "192.168.2.198";         // server address
int port = 80;                           // 443 in case of API-call / star wars :)

int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;

//--> DEFINE CONNECTIONS
#define LED_PIN 19         // LED connected to A5
const int RELAY_PIN = 2;   // relay connected to D2
const int BUTTON_PIN = 3;  // button connected to D3

//--> SYSTEM VARIABLES
bool actionAllowed = false;  // default state
bool debug = false;          // extended monitoring

//--> PROGRAM VARIABLES
int actionDuration = 5000;                  // how long action is active
int afterAction = 600000 - actionDuration;  //default is 10 minutes - actionDuration
const String fadeDurationAction = "10";     // Speed duration of X-fade
const String defaultFadeDuration = "1";     // Default duration of x-fade (functions as reset)

WiFiClient client;

void setup() {
  //Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);

  analogWrite(LED_PIN, 0);
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
  delay(4000);
  
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }

  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }
  Serial.println("Connected to WiFi");
  printWifiStatus();

  Serial.println("\nStarting connection to server...");
  // if you get a connection, report back via serial:
  if (client.connect(server, port)) {
    Serial.println("connected to server");
    // Make a HTTP request:
    client.println("GET /RemoteCommands/SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 HTTP/1.1");
    client.println("Server: MADRIX");
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.println();
  }
}

void loop() {
  // if there are incoming bytes available
  // from the server, read them and print them:
  while (client.available()) {
    char c = client.read();
    Serial.write(c);
  }

  // if the server's disconnected, stop the client:
  if (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println("disconnecting from server.");
    client.stop();

    // do nothing forevermore:
    while (true);
  }
}


void printWifiStatus() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.print(rssi);
  Serial.println(" dBm");
}

This returns a bad request (400)

And I've tried this:

#include <ArduinoHttpClient.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>
#include "arduino_secrets.h"

//--> DEFINE NETWORK SETTINGS
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;
int keyIndex = 0;            // your network key index number (needed only for WEP)

char serverAddress[] = "192.168.2.198";  // server address
int port = 80;                           // 443 in case of API-call / star wars :)

WiFiSSLClient wifi;
HttpClient client = HttpClient(wifi, serverAddress, port);
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;  // default state

//--> DEFINE CONNECTIONS
#define LED_PIN 19         // LED connected to A5
const int RELAY_PIN = 2;   // relay connected to D2
const int BUTTON_PIN = 3;  // button connected to D3

//--> SYSTEM VARIABLES
bool actionAllowed = false;  // default state
bool debug = false;          // extended monitoring

//--> PROGRAM VARIABLES
int actionDuration = 5000;                  // how long action is active
int afterAction = 600000 - actionDuration;  //default is 10 minutes - actionDuration
const String fadeDurationAction = "10";     // Speed duration of X-fade
const String defaultFadeDuration = "1";     // Default duration of x-fade (functions as reset)


void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);

  analogWrite(LED_PIN, 0);
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
  delay(4000);

  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.println("Connecting to WiFi..");
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
  }

  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your WiFi shield's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);
}

void loop() {
  if ((WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED)) {  //Check the current connection status
    analogWrite(LED_PIN, 100);            //indicate active connection
    actionAllowed = true;

    digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH);
    int state = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN);

    if (!state && actionAllowed) {
      executeAction();
    }
  } else {
    analogWrite(LED_PIN, 0);
    actionAllowed = false;
  }

  delay(100);
}

void executeAction() {
  actionAllowed = false;
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);

  //trigger the action
  Serial.println("making GET request");

  //part 1: change fade speed
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetFadeTime=" + fadeDurationAction);
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }
  delay(100);

  //ROUTE 1 - Direct fade to effect:
  //part 2: select effect (Storage 2 Place 1 in this case)
  // client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetStorageDeckB=S2P1");    // enable/disable me
  // if (debug) {
  //   debugInformation();
  // }
  // delay(fadeDuration);                                            // enable/disable me
  //END ROUTE 1

  //ROUTE 2 - "Show" route to effect:
  //part 2: select effect (Go to black first)
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetStorageDeckB=S2P99");
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }
  delay(10000);  // delay as long as fadeDuration

  //part 3: change fade speed (0 set for quick change)
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetFadeTime=0");
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }
  delay(100);

  //part 4: start effect
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetStorageDeckB=S2P1");
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }

  //--> DURATION OF EFFECT
  delay(actionDuration);

  //PART OF ROUTE 2
  //part 5: return to black
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetStorageDeckB=S2P99");
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }
  delay(100);  // delay as long as fadeDuration

  //part 6: reset fade time
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetFadeTime=" + defaultFadeDuration);
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }
  delay(100);
  //END OF ROUTE 2

  //trigger the return-to scene
  Serial.println("making return- GET request");
  client.get("/RemoteCommands/SetFadeToDeckA");
  if (debug) {
    debugInformation();
  }
  //disable button for a while
  delay(afterAction);
}

void debugInformation() {
  int statusCode = client.responseStatusCode();
  String response = client.responseBody();

  Serial.print("Status code: ");
  Serial.println(statusCode);
  Serial.print("Response: ");
  Serial.println(response);
}

Which returns response code -2 again.

Do you have a clue?

Juraj · May 25, 2023, 2:17pm

shouldn't there be a ? somewhere to separate the path from parameters?
like SetStorageDeck?B=S2P1 or /RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1?

darthvader072 · May 25, 2023, 2:24pm

This /RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 actually works with Postman.

But if I try it with Arduino results in:

Starting connection to server...
connected to server
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Host:
Server: MADRIX
Last-Modified: Thu, 25 May 2023 16:22:54 GMT
Content-Type: text/html

Juraj · May 25, 2023, 3:01pm

but you have /RemoteCommands/SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 in the sketch

Juraj · May 25, 2023, 3:03pm

use

client.print("Server: ");
client.println(serverAddress);

darthvader072 · May 25, 2023, 3:07pm

Like this?

  if (client.connect(server, port)) {
    Serial.println("connected to server");
    // Make a HTTP request:
    client.println("GET /RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 HTTP/1.1");
    client.println("Host: 192.168.2.198");
    client.print("Server: ");
    client.println(server);
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.println();
  }

server is defined before setup()

char server[] = "192.168.2.198";         // server address

If I upload this, same result:

Starting connection to server...
connected to server
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Host:
Server: MADRIX
Last-Modified: Thu, 25 May 2023 17:05:34 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 72
Cache-Control: max-age=0

Juraj · May 25, 2023, 5:04pm

sorry I copied your error. it should be "Host:", not "Server:"

    client.println("GET /RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 HTTP/1.1");
    client.print("Host: ");
    client.println(server);
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.println();

darthvader072 · May 26, 2023, 6:41am

Still same results...!! So annoying.

Current code:

#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

#include "arduino_secrets.h" 

//--> DEFINE NETWORK SETTINGS
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;       
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;    
int keyIndex = 0;           

char server[] = "192.168.2.198";         // server address
int port = 80;                           // 443 in case of API-call / star wars :)

int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;

//--> DEFINE CONNECTIONS
#define LED_PIN 19         // LED connected to A5
const int RELAY_PIN = 2;   // relay connected to D2
const int BUTTON_PIN = 3;  // button connected to D3

//--> SYSTEM VARIABLES
bool actionAllowed = false;  // default state
bool debug = false;          // extended monitoring

//--> PROGRAM VARIABLES
int actionDuration = 5000;                  // how long action is active
int afterAction = 600000 - actionDuration;  //default is 10 minutes - actionDuration
const String fadeDurationAction = "10";     // Speed duration of X-fade
const String defaultFadeDuration = "1";     // Default duration of x-fade (functions as reset)

WiFiClient client;

void setup() {
  //Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);

  analogWrite(LED_PIN, 0);
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
  delay(4000);
  
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }

  // check for the WiFi module:
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network. Change this line if using open or WEP network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }
  Serial.println("Connected to WiFi");
  printWifiStatus();

  Serial.println("\nStarting connection to server...");
  // if you get a connection, report back via serial:
  if (client.connect(server, 80)) {
    Serial.println("connected to server");
    // Make a HTTP request:
    //try:
    // client.println("GET 192.168.2.198/RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 HTTP/1.1");
    //original:
    client.println("GET /RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1 HTTP/1.1");
    client.print("Host: ");
    client.println(server);
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.println();
  }
}

void loop() {
  // if there are incoming bytes available
  // from the server, read them and print them:
  while (client.available()) {
    char c = client.read();
    Serial.write(c);
  }

  // if the server's disconnected, stop the client:
  if (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println("disconnecting from server.");
    client.stop();

    // do nothing forevermore:
    while (true);
  }
}


void printWifiStatus() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.print(rssi);
  Serial.println(" dBm");
}

Monitor:

Starting connection to server...
connected to server
HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Host:
Server: MADRIX
Last-Modified: Fri, 26 May 2023 08:38:12 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 72
Cache-Control: max-age=0

I've also tried some variations, but still it ends up the same.
I was expecting this would work way easier as thought before..

Would be really happy if someone sees the problem. I'll continuing with testing variations...

darthvader072 · May 26, 2023, 7:24am

Postman works

Juraj · May 26, 2023, 7:34am

check the web server logs if there are some details about why the request is bad

darthvader072 · May 26, 2023, 7:50am

Hi Juraj, sorry how can I do this?

The server side is not logging. It's just an "open" api waiting for matching HTTP-calls.

darthvader072 · May 26, 2023, 8:39am

I've tried the SimpleGet example again.. Just to go back to basic

/*
  Simple GET client for ArduinoHttpClient library
  Connects to server once every five seconds, sends a GET request

  created 14 Feb 2016
  modified 22 Jan 2019
  by Tom Igoe
  
  this example is in the public domain
 */
#include <ArduinoHttpClient.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

#include "arduino_secrets.h"

///////please enter your sensitive data in the Secret tab/arduino_secrets.h
/////// Wifi Settings ///////
char ssid[] = SECRET_SSID;
char pass[] = SECRET_PASS;

char serverAddress[] = "192.168.2.198";  // server address
int port = 80;

WiFiClient wifi;
HttpClient client = HttpClient(wifi, serverAddress, port);
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while ( status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to Network named: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);                   // print the network name (SSID);

    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
  }

  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print your WiFi shield's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  Serial.println(ip);
}

void loop() {
  Serial.println("making GET request");
  client.get("/RemoteCommands?SetStorageDeckB=S2P1");

  // read the status code and body of the response
  int statusCode = client.responseStatusCode();
  String response = client.responseBody();

  Serial.print("Status code: ");
  Serial.println(statusCode);
  Serial.print("Response: ");
  Serial.println(response);
  Serial.println("Wait five seconds");
  delay(5000);
}

response in monitor:

IP Address: 192.168.2.143
making GET request
Status code: -3
Response: 
Wait five seconds
making GET request

What is Status code: -3?

Juraj · May 26, 2023, 9:11am

github.com

arduino-libraries/ArduinoHttpClient/blob/6dc486747820d6544b41747c68c6b748f888d661/src/HttpClient.h#L21


      
          
          
static const int HTTP_SUCCESS =0;
          // The end of the headers has been reached.  This consumes the '\n'
          // Could not connect to the server
          static const int HTTP_ERROR_CONNECTION_FAILED =-1;
          // This call was made when the HttpClient class wasn't expecting it
          // to be called.  Usually indicates your code is using the class
          // incorrectly
          static const int HTTP_ERROR_API =-2;
          // Spent too long waiting for a reply
          static const int HTTP_ERROR_TIMED_OUT =-3;
          // The response from the server is invalid, is it definitely an HTTP
          // server?
          static const int HTTP_ERROR_INVALID_RESPONSE =-4;
          
          
// Define some of the common methods and headers here
          // That lets other code reuse them without having to declare another copy
          // of them, so saves code space and RAM
          #define HTTP_METHOD_GET    "GET"
          #define HTTP_METHOD_POST   "POST"
          #define HTTP_METHOD_PUT    "PUT"

darthvader072 · May 26, 2023, 9:14am

Hmm thanks... Weird..

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