break staetement not within loop or switch.

Projects Programming
1

This sketch errors at break; case '6': Being that I am still learning the Arduino I don't understand why the error occurs here, however there is no error at "break; case '5':". What is the difference between loop and switch? Would any modifications be recommend for this code?

I am grateful for all of the help the community has provided

3

tomed3210:
This sketch

We can't see it from here..

4

//

// 1 -Motor 1 Left
// 2 -Motor 1 Stop
// 3 -Motor 1 Right //
// 4 -Motor 2 Left
// 5 -Motor 2 Stop
// 6 -Motor 2 Right
// Declare L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller directly since there is not a library to load.
// Motor 1
int dir1PinA = 2;
int dir2PinA = 3;
int speedPinA = 9;
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed /
// Motor 2
int dir1PinB = 4;
int dir2PinB = 5;
int speedPinB = 10;
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed
void setup() {
// Setup runs once per reset
//Define L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller Pins
pinMode(dir1PinA,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dir2PinA,OUTPUT);
pinMode(speedPinA,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dir1PinB,OUTPUT);
pinMode(dir2PinB,OUTPUT);
pinMode(speedPinB,OUTPUT); }
void loop() {
// Initialize the Serial interface:
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int inByte = Serial.read();
int speed;
// Local variable switch (inByte) {
//Motor 1
break case '1':
// Motor 1 Forward
analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);
//Sets speed variable via PWM
digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW);
digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH);
Serial.println("Motor 1 Forward");
// Prints out “Motor 1 Forward” on the serial monitor
Serial.println(" ");
// Creates a blank line printed on the serial monitor
break; case '2':
// Motor 1 Stop (Freespin)
analogWrite(speedPinA, 0);
digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW);
digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH);
Serial.println("Motor 1 Stop");
Serial.println(" ");
break; case '3':
// Motor 1 Reverse
analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);
digitalWrite(dir1PinA, HIGH);
digitalWrite(dir2PinA, LOW);
Serial.println("Motor 1 Reverse");
Serial.println(" ");
break;
//Motor 2
case '4':
// Motor 2 Forward
analogWrite(speedPinB, 255);
digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW);
digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH);
Serial.println("Motor 2 Forward");
Serial.println(" ");
break; case '5':
// Motor 1 Stop (Freespin)
analogWrite(speedPinB, 0);
digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW);
digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH);
Serial.println("Motor 2 Stop");
Serial.println(" ");
break; case '6':
// Motor 2 Reverse
analogWrite(speedPinB, 255);
digitalWrite(dir1PinB, HIGH);
digitalWrite(dir2PinB, LOW);
Serial.println("Motor 2 Reverse");
Serial.println(" ");
// break; default: // turn all the connections off if an unmapped key is pressed:
for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 11; thisPin++) {
digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW); }
}
}
}
}
}

5

tomed3210:
What is the difference between loop and switch?

switch is a control structure (with case, default, and break), loop is a function (without).

6 
     // Local variable switch (inByte) {

This line should be no comment.

7

Next time, use code tags like this, it's the top left button </>.
See comments <<< below:

// 

// 1 -Motor 1 Left 
// 2 -Motor 1 Stop 
// 3 -Motor 1 Right // 
// 4 -Motor 2 Left
// 5 -Motor 2 Stop 
// 6 -Motor 2 Right 
// Declare L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller directly since there is not a library to load. 
// Motor 1 
int dir1PinA = 2;  << byte
int dir2PinA = 3;  << byte
int speedPinA = 9; << byte
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed /
// Motor 2 
int dir1PinB = 4; << byte
int dir2PinB = 5;  << byte
int speedPinB = 10; << byte
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed 
void setup() { 
  // Setup runs once per reset 
  //Define L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller Pins 
  pinMode(dir1PinA,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(dir2PinA,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(speedPinA,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(dir1PinB,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(dir2PinB,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(speedPinB,OUTPUT); } 
  void loop() { 
    // Initialize the Serial interface: 
    if (Serial.available() > 0) { 
      int inByte = Serial.read();
      int speed; 
      // Local variable switch (inByte) {
      //______________Motor 1______________ 
     break case '1':   << delete break here
      // Motor 1 Forward 
      analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);
      //Sets speed variable via PWM 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 1 Forward"); 
      // Prints out “Motor 1 Forward” on the serial monitor 
      Serial.println(" ");
      // Creates a blank line printed on the serial monitor 
      break;
case '2':   << uset CTRL-T, will make these more readable
      // Motor 1 Stop (Freespin) 
      analogWrite(speedPinA, 0); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 1 Stop"); 
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break;
case '3': 
      // Motor 1 Reverse 
      analogWrite(speedPinA, 255); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinA, HIGH); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinA, LOW); 
      Serial.println("Motor 1 Reverse"); 
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break; 
      //______________Motor 2______________ 
      case '4': 
      // Motor 2 Forward 
      analogWrite(speedPinB, 255); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 2 Forward");
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break;
case '5':
      // Motor 1 Stop (Freespin) 
      analogWrite(speedPinB, 0); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 2 Stop"); 
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break;
case '6': 
      // Motor 2 Reverse 
      analogWrite(speedPinB, 255); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinB, HIGH); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinB, LOW); 
      Serial.println("Motor 2 Reverse");
      Serial.println(" ");
    //  break;
default: // turn all the connections off if an unmapped key is pressed:
      for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 11; thisPin++) {  << byte
        digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW); } 
        }
        } 
        } 
    }
}
8

This version compiles.

// 1 -Motor 1 Left
// 2 -Motor 1 Stop
// 3 -Motor 1 Right //
// 4 -Motor 2 Left
// 5 -Motor 2 Stop
// 6 -Motor 2 Right
// Declare L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller directly since there is not a library to load.
// Motor 1
int dir1PinA = 2;
int dir2PinA = 3;
int speedPinA = 9;
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed /
// Motor 2
int dir1PinB = 4;
int dir2PinB = 5;
int speedPinB = 10;
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed
void setup() {
  // Setup runs once per reset
  //Define L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller Pins
  pinMode(dir1PinA, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(dir2PinA, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(speedPinA, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(dir1PinB, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(dir2PinB, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(speedPinB, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
  // Initialize the Serial interface:
  if (Serial.available() > 0) {
    int inByte = Serial.read();
    int speed;
    switch (inByte) {
      //______________Motor 1______________
      case '1':
        // Motor 1 Forward
        analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);
        //Sets speed variable via PWM
        digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW);
        digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH);
        Serial.println("Motor 1 Forward");
        // Prints out “Motor 1 Forward” on the serial monitor
        Serial.println(" ");
        // Creates a blank line printed on the serial monitor
        break;
      case '2':
        // Motor 1 Stop (Freespin)
        analogWrite(speedPinA, 0);
        digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW);
        digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH);
        Serial.println("Motor 1 Stop");
        Serial.println(" ");
        break;
      case '3':
        // Motor 1 Reverse
        analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);
        digitalWrite(dir1PinA, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(dir2PinA, LOW);
        Serial.println("Motor 1 Reverse");
        Serial.println(" ");
        break;
      //______________Motor 2______________
      case '4':
        // Motor 2 Forward
        analogWrite(speedPinB, 255);
        digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW);
        digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH);
        Serial.println("Motor 2 Forward");
        Serial.println(" ");
        break;
      case '5':
        // Motor 1 Stop (Freespin)
        analogWrite(speedPinB, 0);
        digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW);
        digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH);
        Serial.println("Motor 2 Stop");
        Serial.println(" ");
        break;
      case '6':
        // Motor 2 Reverse
        analogWrite(speedPinB, 255);
        digitalWrite(dir1PinB, HIGH);
        digitalWrite(dir2PinB, LOW);
        Serial.println("Motor 2 Reverse");
        Serial.println(" ");
        break;
      default: // turn all the connections off if an unmapped key is pressed:
        for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 11; thisPin++) {
          digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW);
        }
    }
  }
}
9

exit status 1 'Locale' was not declared in this scope results.

// 1 -Motor 1 Left 
// 2 -Motor 1 Stop 
// 3 -Motor 1 Right // 
// 4 -Motor 2 Left
// 5 -Motor 2 Stop 
// 6 -Motor 2 Right 
// Declare L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller directly since there is not a library to load. 
// Motor 1 
int dir1PinA = 2; 
int dir2PinA = 3; 
int speedPinA = 9; 
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed /
// Motor 2 
int dir1PinB = 4;
int dir2PinB = 5; 
int speedPinB = 10;
// Needs to be a PWM pin to be able to control motor speed 
void setup() { 
  // Setup runs once per reset 
  //Define L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller Pins 
  pinMode(dir1PinA,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(dir2PinA,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(speedPinA,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(dir1PinB,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(dir2PinB,OUTPUT); 
  pinMode(speedPinB,OUTPUT); } 
  void loop() { 
    // Initialize the Serial interface: 
    if (Serial.available() > 0) { 
      int inByte = Serial.read();
      int speed; 
       Local variable switch (inByte) {
      //______________Motor 1______________ 
     break case '1': 
      // Motor 1 Forward 
      analogWrite(speedPinA, 255);
      //Sets speed variable via PWM 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 1 Forward"); 
      // Prints out “Motor 1 Forward” on the serial monitor 
      Serial.println(" ");
      // Creates a blank line printed on the serial monitor 
      break; case '2': 
      // Motor 1 Stop (Freespin) 
      analogWrite(speedPinA, 0); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinA, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinA, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 1 Stop"); 
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break; case '3': 
      // Motor 1 Reverse 
      analogWrite(speedPinA, 255); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinA, HIGH); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinA, LOW); 
      Serial.println("Motor 1 Reverse"); 
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break; 
      //______________Motor 2______________ 
      case '4': 
      // Motor 2 Forward 
      analogWrite(speedPinB, 255); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 2 Forward");
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break; case '5':
      // Motor 1 Stop (Freespin) 
      analogWrite(speedPinB, 0); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinB, LOW); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinB, HIGH); 
      Serial.println("Motor 2 Stop"); 
      Serial.println(" "); 
      break; case '6': //;
      // Motor 2 Reverse 
      analogWrite(speedPinB, 255); 
      digitalWrite(dir1PinB, HIGH); 
      digitalWrite(dir2PinB, LOW); 
      Serial.println("Motor 2 Reverse");
      Serial.println(" ");
    //  break; default: // turn all the connections off if an unmapped key is pressed:
      for (int thisPin = 2; thisPin < 11; thisPin++) { 
        digitalWrite(thisPin, LOW); } 
        }
        } 
        } 
    }
}
10

"loop" is not part of the C++ language - it's just the way the arduino scaffolding works. That is: it's not special to the C++ compiler in the way that C++ keywords (struct, enum, class, if, else, while, for … etc) and primitive type names are.

The 'break' statement is part of the C++ language. It break out of a C++ switch() statement or one of the loop statements: for(), while(), or do/while().

11

Don't crosspost.
Topic locked, see additional answers in your other topic.
https://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=378751.msg2611702#msg2611702