Can't Compile AWS IoT WiFi Example

lucasdachman3 · April 29, 2025, 2:20pm

Board: MKR WiFi 1010
IDE: Arduino IDE
OS: Mac

I'm unable to compile the example from Arduino Cloud Provider Examples. Code follows:

/*
  AWS IoT WiFi

  This sketch securely connects to an AWS IoT using MQTT over WiFi.
  It uses a private key stored in the ATECC508A and a public
  certificate for SSL/TLS authetication.

  It publishes a message every 5 seconds to arduino/outgoing
  topic and subscribes to messages on the arduino/incoming
  topic.

  The circuit:
  - Arduino MKR WiFi 1010 or MKR1000

  The following tutorial on Arduino Project Hub can be used
  to setup your AWS account and the MKR board:

  https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/132016/securely-connecting-an-arduino-mkr-wifi-1010-to-aws-iot-core-a9f365

  This example code is in the public domain.
*/

#include <ArduinoBearSSL.h>
#include <ArduinoECCX08.h>
#include <ArduinoMqttClient.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h> // change to #include <WiFi101.h> for MKR1000

#include "arduino_secrets.h"

/////// Enter your sensitive data in arduino_secrets.h
const char ssid[]        = SECRET_SSID;
const char pass[]        = SECRET_PASS;
const char broker[]      = SECRET_BROKER;
const char* certificate  = SECRET_CERTIFICATE;

WiFiClient    wifiClient;            // Used for the TCP socket connection
BearSSLClient sslClient(wifiClient); // Used for SSL/TLS connection, integrates with ECC508
MqttClient    mqttClient(sslClient);

unsigned long lastMillis = 0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial);

  if (!ECCX08.begin()) {
    Serial.println("No ECCX08 present!");
    while (1);
  }

  // Set a callback to get the current time
  // used to validate the servers certificate
  ArduinoBearSSL.onGetTime(getTime);

  // Set the ECCX08 slot to use for the private key
  // and the accompanying public certificate for it
  sslClient.setEccSlot(0, certificate);

  // Optional, set the client id used for MQTT,
  // each device that is connected to the broker
  // must have a unique client id. The MQTTClient will generate
  // a client id for you based on the millis() value if not set
  //
  // mqttClient.setId("clientId");

  // Set the message callback, this function is
  // called when the MQTTClient receives a message
  mqttClient.onMessage(onMessageReceived);
}

void loop() {
  if (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    connectWiFi();
  }

  if (!mqttClient.connected()) {
    // MQTT client is disconnected, connect
    connectMQTT();
  }

  // poll for new MQTT messages and send keep alives
  mqttClient.poll();

  // publish a message roughly every 5 seconds.
  if (millis() - lastMillis > 5000) {
    lastMillis = millis();

    publishMessage();
  }
}

unsigned long getTime() {
  // get the current time from the WiFi module  
  return WiFi.getTime();
}

void connectWiFi() {
  Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");
  Serial.print(ssid);
  Serial.print(" ");

  while (WiFi.begin(ssid, pass) != WL_CONNECTED) {
    // failed, retry
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(5000);
  }
  Serial.println();

  Serial.println("You're connected to the network");
  Serial.println();
}

void connectMQTT() {
  Serial.print("Attempting to MQTT broker: ");
  Serial.print(broker);
  Serial.println(" ");

  while (!mqttClient.connect(broker, 8883)) {
    // failed, retry
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(5000);
  }
  Serial.println();

  Serial.println("You're connected to the MQTT broker");
  Serial.println();

  // subscribe to a topic
  mqttClient.subscribe("arduino/incoming");
}

void publishMessage() {
  Serial.println("Publishing message");

  // send message, the Print interface can be used to set the message contents
  mqttClient.beginMessage("arduino/outgoing");
  mqttClient.print("hello ");
  mqttClient.print(millis());
  mqttClient.endMessage();
}

void onMessageReceived(int messageSize) {
  // we received a message, print out the topic and contents
  Serial.print("Received a message with topic '");
  Serial.print(mqttClient.messageTopic());
  Serial.print("', length ");
  Serial.print(messageSize);
  Serial.println(" bytes:");

  // use the Stream interface to print the contents
  while (mqttClient.available()) {
    Serial.print((char)mqttClient.read());
  }
  Serial.println();

  Serial.println();
}

I get a compilation error:

FQBN: arduino:samd:mkrwifi1010
Using board 'mkrwifi1010' from platform in folder: /Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14
Using core 'arduino' from platform in folder: /Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14

Detecting libraries used...
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -w -x c++ -E -CC -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER="Arduino LLC" -DUSB_PRODUCT="Arduino MKR WiFi 1010" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /dev/null
Alternatives for ArduinoECCX08.h: [ArduinoECCX08@1.3.8]
ResolveLibrary(ArduinoECCX08.h)
  -> candidates: [ArduinoECCX08@1.3.8]
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -w -x c++ -E -CC -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER="Arduino LLC" -DUSB_PRODUCT="Arduino MKR WiFi 1010" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /dev/null
Alternatives for Wire.h: [Wire@1.0]
ResolveLibrary(Wire.h)
  -> candidates: [Wire@1.0]
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -w -x c++ -E -CC -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER="Arduino LLC" -DUSB_PRODUCT="Arduino MKR WiFi 1010" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /dev/null
Alternatives for ArduinoMqttClient.h: [ArduinoMqttClient@0.1.8]
ResolveLibrary(ArduinoMqttClient.h)
  -> candidates: [ArduinoMqttClient@0.1.8]
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -w -x c++ -E -CC -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER="Arduino LLC" -DUSB_PRODUCT="Arduino MKR WiFi 1010" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/src /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /dev/null
Alternatives for WiFiNINA.h: [WiFiNINA@1.9.1]
ResolveLibrary(WiFiNINA.h)
  -> candidates: [WiFiNINA@1.9.1]
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -w -x c++ -E -CC -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER="Arduino LLC" -DUSB_PRODUCT="Arduino MKR WiFi 1010" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/src -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /dev/null
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/ECCX08.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/utility/ASN1Utils.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/utility/ECCX08CSR.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/utility/ECCX08JWS.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/utility/ECCX08SelfSignedCert.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/utility/PEMUtils.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src/utility/sha1.c
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire/Wire.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/src/MqttClient.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/WiFi.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/WiFiClient.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/WiFiSSLClient.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/WiFiServer.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/WiFiStorage.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/WiFiUdp.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/utility/WiFiSocketBuffer.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/utility/nano_rp2040_support.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/utility/server_drv.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/utility/spi_drv.cpp
Alternatives for SPI.h: [SPI@1.0]
ResolveLibrary(SPI.h)
  -> candidates: [SPI@1.0]
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src/utility/wifi_drv.cpp
Using cached library dependencies for file: /Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/SPI/SPI.cpp
Generating function prototypes...
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -w -x c++ -E -CC -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON -DUSB_MANUFACTURER="Arduino LLC" -DUSB_PRODUCT="Arduino MKR WiFi 1010" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/src -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/SPI /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /private/var/folders/_l/nqgj8yrx6gd120hl1fnk_fkh0000gn/T/2037759167/sketch_merged.cpp
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/builtin/tools/ctags/5.8-arduino11/ctags -u --language-force=c++ -f - --c++-kinds=svpf --fields=KSTtzns --line-directives /private/var/folders/_l/nqgj8yrx6gd120hl1fnk_fkh0000gn/T/2037759167/sketch_merged.cpp

Compiling sketch...
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -c -g -Os -w -std=gnu++11 -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-threadsafe-statics -nostdlib --param max-inline-insns-single=500 -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -MMD -DF_CPU=48000000L -DARDUINO=10607 -DARDUINO_SAMD_MKRWIFI1010 -DARDUINO_ARCH_SAMD -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/mbedtls/include -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoBearSSL/src -DUSE_ARDUINO_MKR_PIN_LAYOUT -D__SAMD21G18A__ -DUSB_VID=0x2341 -DUSB_PID=0x8054 -DUSBCON "-DUSB_MANUFACTURER=\"Arduino LLC\"" "-DUSB_PRODUCT=\"Arduino MKR WiFi 1010\"" -DUSE_BQ24195L_PMIC -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Include/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS-Atmel/1.2.0/CMSIS/Device/ATMEL/ -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino/api/deprecated-avr-comp -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/cores/arduino -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010 -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/src -I/Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA/src -I/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/SPI /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp -o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp.o
Compiling libraries...
Compiling library "ArduinoECCX08"
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ECCX08JWS.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ASN1Utils.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ECCX08CSR.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ECCX08SelfSignedCert.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/sha1.c.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/ECCX08.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/PEMUtils.cpp.o
Compiling library "Wire"
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/Wire/Wire.cpp.o
Compiling library "ArduinoMqttClient"
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/MqttClient.cpp.o
Compiling library "WiFiNINA"
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFi.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiServer.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiStorage.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiUdp.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiClient.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/nano_rp2040_support.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/server_drv.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/WiFiSocketBuffer.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiSSLClient.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/spi_drv.cpp.o
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/wifi_drv.cpp.o
Compiling library "SPI"
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/SPI/SPI.cpp.o
Compiling core...
Using previously compiled file: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/core/variant.cpp.o
Using precompiled core: /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/cores/arduino_samd_mkrwifi1010_6af989d36a684789eb26ca67a365f43c/core.a
Linking everything together...
/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/arm-none-eabi-gcc/7-2017q4/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ -L/Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A -Os -Wl,--gc-sections -save-temps -T/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/variants/mkrwifi1010/linker_scripts/gcc/flash_with_bootloader.ld -Wl,-Map,/Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.map --specs=nano.specs --specs=nosys.specs -mcpu=cortex-m0plus -mthumb -Wl,--cref -Wl,--check-sections -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--unresolved-symbols=report-all -Wl,--warn-common -Wl,--warn-section-align -o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.elf /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/ECCX08.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ASN1Utils.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ECCX08CSR.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ECCX08JWS.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/ECCX08SelfSignedCert.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/PEMUtils.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoECCX08/utility/sha1.c.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/Wire/Wire.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient/MqttClient.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFi.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiClient.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiSSLClient.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiServer.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiStorage.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/WiFiUdp.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/WiFiSocketBuffer.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/nano_rp2040_support.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/server_drv.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/spi_drv.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/WiFiNINA/utility/wifi_drv.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/libraries/SPI/SPI.cpp.o /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/core/variant.cpp.o -Wl,--start-group -L/Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/tools/CMSIS/4.5.0/CMSIS/Lib/GCC/ -larm_cortexM0l_math -lm /Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/../../cores/arduino_samd_mkrwifi1010_6af989d36a684789eb26ca67a365f43c/core.a -Wl,--end-group
/Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/Users/lucas/arduino/AWS_IoT_WiFi/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino:37: undefined reference to `BearSSLClient::BearSSLClient(arduino::Client&)'
/Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp.o: In function `_GLOBAL__sub_I_certificate':
/Users/lucas/arduino/AWS_IoT_WiFi/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino:157: undefined reference to `BearSSLClient::~BearSSLClient()'
/Users/lucas/Library/Caches/arduino/sketches/F36256174726D0E5935DAA22B32BD32A/sketch/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp.o: In function `setup':
/Users/lucas/arduino/AWS_IoT_WiFi/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino:53: undefined reference to `ArduinoBearSSLClass::onGetTime(unsigned long (*)())'
/Users/lucas/arduino/AWS_IoT_WiFi/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino:57: undefined reference to `BearSSLClient::setEccSlot(int, char const*)'
/Users/lucas/arduino/AWS_IoT_WiFi/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino:69: undefined reference to `ArduinoBearSSL'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Using library ArduinoECCX08 at version 1.3.8 in folder: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoECCX08 
Using library Wire at version 1.0 in folder: /Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/Wire 
Using library ArduinoMqttClient at version 0.1.8 in folder: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ArduinoMqttClient 
Using library WiFiNINA at version 1.9.1 in folder: /Users/lucas/Documents/Arduino/libraries/WiFiNINA 
Using library SPI at version 1.0 in folder: /Users/lucas/Library/Arduino15/packages/arduino/hardware/samd/1.8.14/libraries/SPI 
exit status 1

Compilation error: exit status 1

Does anyone know the issue? Has the library changed? I tried downgrading ArduinoBearSSL but no luck.

sonofcy · April 29, 2025, 2:38pm

All I see is a missing AWS reference, try google on the entire error message

AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino.cpp.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':

OR this

AWS_IoT_WiFi/AWS_IoT_WiFi.ino:37: undefined reference to `BearSSLClient::BearSSLClient(arduino::Client&)'

lucasdachman3 · April 29, 2025, 2:59pm

I ended up just using PlatformIO and it compiles fine.

system · October 26, 2025, 3:00pm

This topic was automatically closed 180 days after the last reply. New replies are no longer allowed.

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Can't Compile AWS IoT WiFi Example

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