Confusion regarding digital pins on arduino uno? are they output or input?

As shown in attached snap, pins 1-13 have written 'digital'on their left side

Are they digital output pins or digital input pins?

Either, depending on the pinMode() that you use

see pinMode() - Arduino Reference and https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/microcontrollers/digital-pins

Beyond that you can also use the analog pins as digital pins also.

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