Convert string to character

[navidh91]

How can I change all strings in this code to characters without getting an error?

//Rev 1.5
//Uptime added
//Web OTA Added
//Ni read bug fix
//The reset operation was not performed when it was turned on without a sensor fixed
//Github SelfUpdate 

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
//#include <WiFiUdp.h>
#include <ESP8266mDNS.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
//#include <ArduinoOTA.h>
#include <ESPAsyncTCP.h>
//#include <ESPAsyncWebServer.h>
//#include <AsyncElegantOTA.h>
#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h>
#include <ESP8266httpUpdate.h>
#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
#include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>


String SerialNumber = "VMN-A01-01-0002";
const String FirmwareVer={"1.6.1"}; 
#define URL_fw_Version "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navid-h/"+SerialNumber+"/main/bin_version.txt"
#define URL_fw_Bin "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navid-h/"+SerialNumber+"/main/"+SerialNumber+".bin"
const char* host = "raw.githubusercontent.com";
const int httpsPort = 443;


#define URL_fw_Version2 "http://mqtt.angizehco.com"
#define URL_fw_Bin2 "http://mqtt.angizehco.com/"+SerialNumber+"/"+SerialNumber+".bin"
const char* host2 = "mqtt.angizehco.com";
const int httpsPort2 = 80;


#define WIFI_SSID "SSID"
#define WIFI_PASS "PASSWORD"
#define AP_SSID SerialNumber
#define AP_PASS ""
const char* ssid = WIFI_SSID;
const char* passphrase = WIFI_PASS;
const char* mqttServerName = "";
const int   mqttport = 1883;         
const char* mqttuser = "";
const char* mqttpass = "";
String prefix= "" ;
const char* clientID = "VMN-A01-01-0002";


const int redPin = 0;
IPAddress local_IP(192,168,43,10);
IPAddress gateway(192,168,43,1);
IPAddress subnet(255,255,255,0);
IPAddress primaryDNS(8,8,8,8);
IPAddress secondaryDNS(8,8,4,4);

//AsyncWebServer server(80);

WiFiClient wclient;                        
PubSubClient client(wclient);

#define RE 5
#define DE 4
#define PUB_DELAY 50


const byte ph[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x64, 0x38}; // Soil PH Sensor
byte ph_values[11];




const byte ni[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x00, 0x01, 0xE4, 0x3F}; // Multi Sensor: Nitrogen
const byte phos[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x01, 0xB5, 0xFF};
const byte pot[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x01, 0x85, 0xF3};
//const byte pot[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x01, 0x85, 0xC0};
const byte moist[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x12, 0x00, 0x01, 0x24, 0x3C};
const byte temp[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x13, 0x00, 0x01, 0x75, 0xFC};
const byte ec[] = {0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x01, 0x95, 0xFD};

const byte orp[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0xD5, 0xCA}; 
byte orp_values[11];

const byte ph2[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x25, 0xCA}; 
byte ph2_values[11];

const byte temp2[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x74, 0x0A};
byte temp2_values[11];

const byte res[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x01, 0xC5, 0xCB};
byte res_values[11];

const byte ph3[] = {0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x65, 0xE9}; // Soil PH Sensor
byte ph3_values[11];

const byte ec2[] = {0x04, 0x03, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x01, 0x95, 0x9B};
byte ec2_values[11];


//Lux Transmitter
const byte humid[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x84, 0x0A}; 
const byte temp3[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0xD5, 0xCA}; 
const byte co2[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x05, 0x00, 0x01, 0x94, 0x0B}; 
const byte lux[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x02, 0x75, 0xCA}; 




byte pot_values[11];
byte moist_values[11];
byte phos_values[11];
byte ni_values[11];
byte ec_values[11];
byte temp_values[11];

byte humid_values[11];
byte temp3_values[11];
byte co2_values[11];
byte lux_values[11];


int cnt=10;
int cnt2=60;
int cnt3 = 10;
int cnt4 = 10;


int i = 0;
int statusCode;
long Day=0;
int Hour =0;
int Minute=0;
int Second=0;
int HighMillis=0;
int Rollover=0;
int OtherParameterignore;
int PH3trigger , PHtrigger , EC2trigger ,CO2trigger ;
int NPKPublish , ECPublish ,PHPublish ,ALLPublish;


String esid;
String epass = "";
String content;
String st;
String payload2;
static unsigned long timer = millis();
static unsigned long blinker = millis();
static unsigned long timer3 = millis();
static unsigned long timer4 = millis();
static unsigned long ClientCheck = millis();



float phcomp ,phoscomp , potcomp , eccomp , moistcomp , tempcomp , nicomp , orpcomp , ph2comp , temp2comp , rescomp ,phcomp3 ,eccomp2 ,humidcomp ,temp3comp ,co2comp ,luxcomp;
float pubPH , pubPHOS , pubPOT , pubNI , pubMOIST , pubTEMP , pubEC ,pubRES ,pubEC2 ,pubPH3 ,pubHUMID ,pubTEMP3 ,pubCO2 ,pubLUX ;
int pubPH2 , pubORP , pubTEMP2 ;
unsigned int lastStringLength = FirmwareVer.length();


bool testWifi(void);
void launchWeb(void);
void setupAP(void);
ESP8266WebServer server(80);


SoftwareSerial mod;

 
void setup()
{
  Serial.println(ESP.getFreeHeap());
  Serial.begin(115200); 
  mod.begin(9600, SWSERIAL_8N1, 14, 12, false, 256);
  pinMode(RE, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(DE, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(redPin, OUTPUT);
  //WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS);
   EEPROM.begin(512);
   delay(10);
   Serial.println("Startup");
 //config wifi with optional settings
  
//  if(!WiFi.config(local_IP, gateway, subnet, primaryDNS, secondaryDNS))
//  {
//    Serial.println("STA Failed to configure");
//  }
  // Read eeprom for ssid and password
   Serial.println("Reading EEPROM ssid");
 
 for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i)
  {
    esid += char(EEPROM.read(i));
  }
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(esid);
  Serial.println("Reading EEPROM pass");
 
  
  for (int i = 32; i < 96; ++i)
  {
    epass += char(EEPROM.read(i));
  }
  Serial.print("PASS: ");
  Serial.println(epass);
 
 
  WiFi.begin(esid.c_str(), epass.c_str());
  if (testWifi())
  {
    Serial.println("Succesfully Connected!!!");
    mqttconnect();
    return;
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("Turning the HotSpot On");
    launchWeb();
    setupAP();// Setup HotSpot
  }
 
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("Waiting.");
  
  while ((WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED))
  {
    //digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);            // Fast Blink Red LED 
   // delay(100);
    //digitalWrite(redPin, LOW);
   // delay(1000);
    server.handleClient();
    if (millis() - timer > 300000){
      timer = millis();
       ESP.restart();
    }
  }
  ESP.restart();
//  server.on("/", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
//    request->send(200, "text/plain", "Hi! I am ESP8266.");
//  });
//
//  AsyncElegantOTA.begin(&server);    // Start ElegantOTA
//  server.begin();
//  Serial.println("HTTP server started");

  Serial.println('\n');
  Serial.println("Connection established!");  
  Serial.print("IP address:\t");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());         //192.168.43.215

  
  
//  ArduinoOTA.onStart([]() {
//    String type;
//    if (ArduinoOTA.getCommand() == U_FLASH) {
//      type = "sketch";
//    } else { // U_FS
//      type = "filesystem";
//    }
//
//    // NOTE: if updating FS this would be the place to unmount FS using FS.end()
//    Serial.println("Start updating " + type);
//  });
//  ArduinoOTA.onEnd([]() {
//    Serial.println("\nEnd");
//  });
//  ArduinoOTA.onProgress([](unsigned int progress, unsigned int total) {
//    Serial.printf("Progress: %u%%\r", (progress / (total / 100)));
//  });
//  ArduinoOTA.onError([](ota_error_t error) {
//    Serial.printf("Error[%u]: ", error);
//    if (error == OTA_AUTH_ERROR) {
//      Serial.println("Auth Failed");
//    } else if (error == OTA_BEGIN_ERROR) {
//      Serial.println("Begin Failed");
//    } else if (error == OTA_CONNECT_ERROR) {
//      Serial.println("Connect Failed");
//    } else if (error == OTA_RECEIVE_ERROR) {
//      Serial.println("Receive Failed");
//    } else if (error == OTA_END_ERROR) {
//      Serial.println("End Failed");
//    }
//  });
//  ArduinoOTA.begin();
  Serial.println("Ready");
  Serial.print("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

  
}
 
void loop()
{  
  
   if ((WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED))
  {
uptime(); //Runs the uptime script located below the main loop and reenters the main loop
print_Uptime();
checkUpdate();   

if (millis() - ClientCheck > 200000){
if (!client.connected()) {
 
  reconnect();
  ClientCheck = millis();
  }
}
     client.loop();
//    if(millis() - blinker > 3000){
//    
//    digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//    delay(20);
//    digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//    delay(300);
//    digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//    delay(20);
//    digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//    delay(300);   
//    digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//    delay(20);
//    digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//    blinker = millis();
//    }
    
 //ArduinoOTA.handle();
 //client.loop();
 String IP = WiFi.localIP().toString() ;
client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/IP:"), toCharArray(String(clientID) +"/"+WiFi.localIP().toString()));
client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Uptime:"), toCharArray("Uptime:"+String(Day)+":"+String(Hour)+":"+String(Minute)+":"+String(Second)));
client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/MAC:"), toCharArray(String(WiFi.macAddress())));
client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/FirmwareVer:"), toCharArray(String(FirmwareVer)));
Serial.println("IP: " +IP);


multi_sensor_ph_detect();
delay(50);
if (OtherParameterignore == 0){
multi_sensor_ni_detect();
delay(50);
multi_sensor_phos_detect();
delay(50);
multi_sensor_pot_detect();
delay(50);
multi_sensor_moist_detect();
delay(50);
multi_sensor_temp_detect();
delay(50);
multi_sensor_ec_detect();
delay(50);
}
client.loop();
//multi_sensor_orp_detect();
//multi_sensor_ph2_detect();
//multi_sensor_temp2_detect();
//multi_sensor_res_detect();

multi_sensor_ec2_detect();
delay(20);
multi_sensor_ph3_detect();
delay(20);

multi_sensor_humid_detect();
delay(100);
multi_sensor_temp3_detect();
delay(100);
multi_sensor_co2_detect();
delay(100);
multi_sensor_lux_detect();
delay(100);


 if (millis() - timer > 600000){
   publishData(); 
     timer = millis();
  } 

  

 }
  else
  {
      Serial.println("no connection");
      checkWifi();

  }
   //yield();
}

  
void multi_sensor_ph_detect(){

  uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(ph, sizeof(ph));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
  
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ph_values) ) {
      ph_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float ph_reg3and4 = ((ph_values[3] << 8) + ph_values[4]);
      ph_reg3and4 = ph_reg3and4/100;
      pubPH = ph_reg3and4;
      //Serial.println("PH : "+(String)ph_reg3and4+"");
      if(ph_reg3and4>=0){
        NPKPublish = 1;
      PHtrigger = 1;
      OtherParameterignore = 0;
      Serial.println("PH : "+(String)ph_reg3and4+"");
      int ph;
        ph = (int) (ph_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (phcomp != ph){
        phcomp = ph;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PH"), toCharArray(String(ph_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      }
    }
    }
     if(PHtrigger != 1){
      OtherParameterignore = 1;
      NPKPublish = 0;
    Serial.println("check NPK sensor");
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Will"), toCharArray("Check Sensor"));
  }
  PHtrigger = 0;
  }



void multi_sensor_phos_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(phos, sizeof(phos)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(phos_values, 7);
//     // Serial.print("Multi PHOS Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//       // Serial.print(phos_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (phos_values[0] == 0x02 && phos_values[1] == 0x03 && phos_values[2] == 0x02){
//      float phos_reg3and4 = ((phos_values[3] << 8) + phos_values[4]);
//      pubPHOS = phos_reg3and4;
//      if (phos_reg3and4 > -1 && phos_reg3and4 < 1000){
//        Serial.print("PHOS : "+(String)phos_reg3and4+" mg/kg");
//        Serial.println();
//        delay(100);
//        int phos;
//        phos = (int) (phos_reg3and4 * 1L);
//        if (phoscomp != phos){
//        phoscomp = phos;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PHOS"), toCharArray(String(phos_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      }
//    }else{
//      Serial.print("PHOS cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}

uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(phos, sizeof(phos));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
   // delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(phos_values) ) {
      phos_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float phos_reg3and4 = ((phos_values[3] << 8) + phos_values[4]);
      phos_reg3and4 = phos_reg3and4;
      pubPHOS = phos_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("PHOS : "+(String)phos_reg3and4+"");
      int phos;
        phos = (int) (phos_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (phoscomp != phos){
        phoscomp = phos;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PHOS"), toCharArray(String(phos_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  }



void multi_sensor_pot_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(pot, sizeof(pot)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(pot_values, 7);
//      //Serial.print("Multi POT Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//       // Serial.print(pot_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (pot_values[0] == 0x02 && pot_values[1] == 0x03 && pot_values[2] == 0x02){
//      float pot_reg3and4 = ((pot_values[3] << 8) + pot_values[4]);
//      pubPOT = pot_reg3and4;
//      if (pot_reg3and4 > -1 && pot_reg3and4 < 10000){
//        Serial.print("POT : "+(String)pot_reg3and4+" mg/kg");
//        Serial.println();
//      delay(100);
//        int pot;
//        pot = (int) (pot_reg3and4 * 1L);
//        if (potcomp != pot){
//        potcomp = pot;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/POT"), toCharArray(String(pot_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      }
//    }else{
//      Serial.print("POT cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}

uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(pot, sizeof(pot));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
   // delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(pot_values) ) {
      pot_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float pot_reg3and4 = ((pot_values[3] << 8) + pot_values[4]);
      pot_reg3and4 = pot_reg3and4;
      pubPOT = pot_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("POT : "+(String)pot_reg3and4+"");
       int pot;
        pot = (int) (pot_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (potcomp != pot){
        potcomp = pot;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/POT"), toCharArray(String(pot_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  }




void multi_sensor_ec_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(ec, sizeof(ec)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(ec_values, 7);
//     // Serial.print("Multi EC Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//      //  Serial.print(ec_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (ec_values[0] == 0x02 && ec_values[1] == 0x03 && ec_values[2] == 0x02){
//      float ec_reg3and4 = ((ec_values[3] << 8) + ec_values[4]);
//      pubEC = ec_reg3and4;
//      if (ec_reg3and4 > -1 && ec_reg3and4 < 10000){
//        Serial.print("EC : "+(String)ec_reg3and4+" us/cm");
//        Serial.println();
//      delay(100);
//        int ec;
//        ec = (int) (ec_reg3and4 * 1L);
//        if (eccomp != ec){
//        eccomp = ec;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/EC"), toCharArray(String(ec_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      }
//    }else{
//      Serial.println("EC cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}


uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(ec, sizeof(ec));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
   // delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ec_values) ) {
      ec_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float ec_reg3and4 = ((ec_values[3] << 8) + ec_values[4]);
      ec_reg3and4 = ec_reg3and4;
      pubEC = ec_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("EC : "+(String)ec_reg3and4+"");
       int ec;
        ec = (int) (ec_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (eccomp != ec){
        eccomp = ec;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/EC"), toCharArray(String(ec_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  }



void multi_sensor_moist_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(moist, sizeof(moist)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(moist_values, 7);
//      //Serial.print("Multi MOIST Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//       // Serial.print(moist_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (moist_values[0] == 0x02 && moist_values[1] == 0x03 && moist_values[2] == 0x02){
//      float moist_reg3and4 = ((moist_values[3] << 8) + moist_values[4]);
//      moist_reg3and4 = moist_reg3and4/10;
//      pubMOIST = moist_reg3and4;
//      if (moist_reg3and4 > -1 && moist_reg3and4 < 105){
//        Serial.print("MOIST : "+(String)moist_reg3and4+"%");
//        Serial.println();
//       delay(100);
//        int moist;
//        moist = (int) (moist_reg3and4 * 10L);
//        if (moistcomp != moist){
//        moistcomp = moist;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/MOIST"), toCharArray(String(moist_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      }
//    }else{
//      Serial.print("MOIST cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}


uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(moist, sizeof(moist));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
   // delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(moist_values) ) {
      moist_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float moist_reg3and4 = ((moist_values[3] << 8) + moist_values[4]);
      moist_reg3and4 = moist_reg3and4/10;
      pubMOIST = moist_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("MOIST : "+(String)moist_reg3and4+"");
       int moist;
        moist = (int) (moist_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (moistcomp != moist){
        moistcomp = moist;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/MOIST"), toCharArray(String(moist_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  }


void multi_sensor_temp_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(temp, sizeof(temp)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(temp_values, 7);
//       //Serial.print("Multi TEMP Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//      // Serial.print(temp_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (temp_values[0] == 0x02 && temp_values[1] == 0x03 && temp_values[2] == 0x02){
//      float temp_reg3and4 = ((temp_values[3] << 8) + temp_values[4]);
//      temp_reg3and4 = temp_reg3and4/10;
//      pubTEMP = temp_reg3and4;
//      if (temp_reg3and4 > -1 && temp_reg3and4 < 100){
//        Serial.print("TEMP : "+(String)temp_reg3and4+"°C");
//        Serial.println();
//       delay(100);
//        int temp;
//        temp = (int) (temp_reg3and4 * 10L);
//        if (tempcomp != temp){
//        tempcomp = temp;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Temperature"), toCharArray(String(temp_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      }
//    }else{
//      Serial.print("TEMP cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}


uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(temp, sizeof(temp));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
   // delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(temp_values) ) {
      temp_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float temp_reg3and4 = ((temp_values[3] << 8) + temp_values[4]);
      temp_reg3and4 = temp_reg3and4/10;
      pubTEMP = temp_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("TEMP : "+(String)temp_reg3and4+"");
       int temp;
        temp = (int) (temp_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (tempcomp != temp){
        tempcomp = temp;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Temperature"), toCharArray(String(temp_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  }



void multi_sensor_ni_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(ni, sizeof(ni)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(ni_values, 7);
//       //Serial.print("Multi NI Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//       //Serial.print(ni_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (ni_values[0] == 0x02 && ni_values[1] == 0x03 && ni_values[2] == 0x02){
//       float ni_reg3and4 =((ni_values[3] << 8) + ni_values[4]);
//       pubNI = ni_reg3and4;
//        Serial.print("NI : "+(String)ni_reg3and4+" mg/kg");
//        Serial.println();
//       delay(100);
//       int ni;
//        ni = (int) (ni_reg3and4 * 1L);
//        if (nicomp != ni){
//        nicomp = ni;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/NI"), toCharArray(String(ni_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      
//    }else{
//      Serial.print("NI cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}


uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(ni, sizeof(ni));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
   // delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ni_values) ) {
      ni_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float ni_reg3and4 = ((ni_values[3] << 8) + ni_values[4]);
      ni_reg3and4 = ni_reg3and4;
      pubNI = ni_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("NI : "+(String)ni_reg3and4+"");
       int ni;
        ni = (int) (ni_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (nicomp != ni){
        nicomp = ni;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/NI"), toCharArray(String(ni_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  }




void multi_sensor_orp_detect(){

  while (true){
    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
    delay(100);
    if (mod.write(orp, sizeof(orp)) == 8)
    {
      mod.flush();
      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
      mod.readBytes(orp_values, 7);
     // Serial.print("Multi PH Values : ");
      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
      {
      // Serial.print(ph_values[i], HEX);
        Serial.print(" ");
      }
      Serial.println();
    }

    if (orp_values[0] == 0x01 && orp_values[1] == 0x03 && orp_values[2] == 0x02){
    float orp_reg3and4 = word(orp_values[3],orp_values[4]);
     //Serial.println(ph_reg3and4);
      orp_reg3and4 = orp_reg3and4/10;
      pubORP = orp_reg3and4 ; 
    //  if (orp_reg3and4 > -1 && orp_reg3and4 < 15){
        Serial.print("ORP : "+(String)orp_reg3and4+"");
        Serial.println();
       delay(100);
        int orp;
        orp = (int) (orp_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (orpcomp != orp){
        orpcomp = orp;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/ORP"), toCharArray(String(orp_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
        break;
      
    }else{
      Serial.print("ORP cant measure");
    break;
    }
//  
  }
}


void multi_sensor_ph2_detect(){

  while (true){
    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
    delay(100);
    if (mod.write(ph2, sizeof(ph2)) == 8)
    {
      mod.flush();
      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
      mod.readBytes(ph2_values, 7);
     // Serial.print("Multi PH Values : ");
      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
      {
      // Serial.print(ph_values[i], HEX);
        Serial.print(" ");
      }
      Serial.println();
    }

    if (ph2_values[0] == 0x01 && ph2_values[1] == 0x03 && ph2_values[2] == 0x02){
    float ph2_reg3and4 = word(ph2_values[3],ph2_values[4]);
     //Serial.println(ph_reg3and4);
      ph2_reg3and4 = ph2_reg3and4/100;
      pubPH2 = ph2_reg3and4;
      if (ph2_reg3and4 > -1 && ph2_reg3and4 < 15){
        Serial.print("PH : "+(String)ph2_reg3and4+"");
        Serial.println();
       delay(100);
        int ph2;
        ph2 = (int) (ph2_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (ph2comp != ph2){
        ph2comp = ph2;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PH2"), toCharArray(String(ph2_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
        break;
      }
    }else{
      Serial.print("PH cant measure");
    break;
    }
  
  }
}

void multi_sensor_temp2_detect(){

  while (true){
    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
    delay(100);
    if (mod.write(temp2, sizeof(temp2)) == 8)
    {
      mod.flush();
      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
      mod.readBytes(temp2_values, 7);
       //Serial.print("Multi TEMP Values : ");
      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
      {
      // Serial.print(temp_values[i], HEX);
        Serial.print(" ");
      }
      Serial.println();
    }
    if (temp2_values[0] == 0x01 && temp2_values[1] == 0x03 && temp2_values[2] == 0x02){
      int temp2_reg3and4 = word(temp2_values[3],temp2_values[4]);
      temp2_reg3and4 = temp2_reg3and4/10;
      pubTEMP2 = temp2_reg3and4;
     // if (temp_reg3and4 > -1 && temp_reg3and4 < 100){
        Serial.print("TEMP : "+(String)temp2_reg3and4+"°C");
        Serial.println();
       delay(100);
       int temp2;
        temp2 = (int) (temp2_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (temp2comp != temp2){
        temp2comp = temp2;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Temperature2"), toCharArray(String(temp2_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
        break;

    }else{
      Serial.print("TEMP cant measure");
    break;
    }
  }
}

void multi_sensor_res_detect(){

  while (true){
    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
    delay(100);
    if (mod.write(res, sizeof(res)) == 8)
    {
      mod.flush();
      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
      mod.readBytes(res_values, 7);
     // Serial.print("Multi EC Values : ");
      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
      {
      //  Serial.print(ec_values[i], HEX);
        Serial.print(" ");
      }
      Serial.println();
    }
    if (res_values[0] == 0x01 && res_values[1] == 0x03 && res_values[2] == 0x02){
      float res_reg3and4 = word(res_values[3],res_values[4]);
      pubRES = res_reg3and4;
     // if (ec_reg3and4 > -1 && ec_reg3and4 < 10000){
        Serial.print("RES : "+(String)res_reg3and4+" us/cm");
        Serial.println();
        delay(100);
        int res;
        res = (int) (res_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (rescomp != res){
        rescomp = res;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Resistance"), toCharArray(String(res_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
        break;
     // }
    }else{
      Serial.println("RES cant measure");
    break;
    }
  }
}


void multi_sensor_ph3_detect(){

 uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(ph3, sizeof(ph3));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 50UL ) {
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ph3_values) ) {
      ph3_values[i++] = mod.read();
      float ph3_reg3and4 = ((ph3_values[3] << 8) + ph3_values[4]);
      ph3_reg3and4 = ph3_reg3and4/100;
      pubPH2 = ph3_reg3and4;
      if(ph3_reg3and4>=0){
        PHPublish = 1;
      PH3trigger = 1;
      Serial.println("PH2 : "+(String)ph3_reg3and4+"");
       int ph3;
        ph3 = (int) (ph3_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (phcomp3 != ph3){
        phcomp3 = ph3;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/PH"), toCharArray(String(ph3_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      }
    }
  
  }
  if(PH3trigger != 1){
    PHPublish = 0;
    Serial.println("check PH sensor");
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/PH/Will"), toCharArray("Check Sensor"));
  }
  PH3trigger = 0;
}

  

void multi_sensor_ec2_detect(){

//  while (true){
//    digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
//    digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
//    delay(100);
//    if (mod.write(ec2, sizeof(ec2)) == 8)
//    {
//      mod.flush();
//      digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
//      digitalWrite(RE, LOW);
//      mod.readBytes(ec2_values, 7);
//     // Serial.print("Multi EC Values : ");
//      for (byte i = 0; i < 7; i++)
//      {
//      //  Serial.print(ec_values[i], HEX);
//        Serial.print(" ");
//      }
//      Serial.println();
//    }
//    if (ec2_values[0] == 0x04 && ec2_values[1] == 0x03 && ec2_values[2] == 0x02){
//      float ec2_reg3and4 = ((ec2_values[3] << 8) + ec2_values[4]);
//      pubEC2 = ec2_reg3and4;
//      if (ec2_reg3and4 > -1 && ec2_reg3and4 < 10000){
//        Serial.print("EC : "+(String)ec2_reg3and4+" us/cm");
//        Serial.println();
//      delay(100);
//        int ec2;
//        ec2 = (int) (ec2_reg3and4 * 1L);
//        if (eccomp2 != ec2){
//        eccomp2 = ec2;
//        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/EC"), toCharArray(String(ec2_reg3and4)));
//        Serial.println("Published");
//        }
//        break;
//      }
//    }else{
//      Serial.println("EC cant measure");
//    break;
//    }
//  }
//}
//


uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(ec2, sizeof(ec2));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 1000UL ) {
     delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ec2_values) ) {
      ec2_values[i++] = mod.read();
      float ec2_reg3and4 = ((ec2_values[3] << 8) + ec2_values[4]);
      ec2_reg3and4 = ec2_reg3and4;
      pubEC2 = ec2_reg3and4;
      if(ec2_reg3and4 >= 0){
        ECPublish = 1;
      EC2trigger = 1;
      Serial.println("EC2 : "+(String)ec2_reg3and4+"");
        int ec2;
        ec2 = (int) (ec2_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (eccomp2 != ec2){
        eccomp2 = ec2;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/EC"), toCharArray(String(ec2_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      }
    }
  
  }
  if(EC2trigger != 1){
    ECPublish = 0;
    Serial.println("check EC sensor");
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/EC/Will"), toCharArray("Check Sensor"));
  }
  EC2trigger = 0;
}


void multi_sensor_humid_detect(){

  uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(humid, sizeof(humid));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 2000UL ) {
     //delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(humid_values) ) {
      humid_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float humid_reg3and4 = ((humid_values[3] << 8) + humid_values[4]);
      humid_reg3and4 = humid_reg3and4/10;
      pubHUMID = humid_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("HUMID : "+(String)humid_reg3and4+"");
       int humid;
        humid = (int) (humid_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (humidcomp != humid){
        humidcomp = humid;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/Humidity"), toCharArray(String(humid_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  
}


void multi_sensor_temp3_detect(){

    uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(temp3, sizeof(temp3));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 2000UL ) {
     //delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(temp3_values) ) {
      temp3_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float temp3_reg3and4 = ((temp3_values[3] << 8) + temp3_values[4]);
      temp3_reg3and4 = temp3_reg3and4/10;
      pubTEMP3 = temp3_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("TEMP : "+(String)temp3_reg3and4+"");
       int temp3;
        temp3 = (int) (temp3_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (temp3comp != temp3){
        temp3comp = temp3;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/Temperature"), toCharArray(String(temp3_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  
}

void multi_sensor_co2_detect(){

      uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(co2, sizeof(co2));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 2000UL ) {
     //delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(co2_values) ) {
      co2_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float co2_reg3and4 = ((co2_values[3] << 8) + co2_values[4]);
      co2_reg3and4 = co2_reg3and4/10;
      pubCO2 = co2_reg3and4;
       if(co2_reg3and4>=0){
        ALLPublish = 1;
      CO2trigger = 1;
      Serial.println("CO2 : "+(String)co2_reg3and4+"");
       int co2;
        co2 = (int) (co2_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (co2comp != co2){
        co2comp = co2;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/CO2"), toCharArray(String(co2_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
       }
      
     }
     
    }
     if(CO2trigger != 1){
      ALLPublish = 0;
    Serial.println("check All in one sensor");
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/All/Will"), toCharArray("Check Sensor"));
  }
  CO2trigger = 0;
  
}

void multi_sensor_lux_detect(){

  uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(lux, sizeof(lux));
  mod.flush();

  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 2000UL ) {
    //delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(lux_values) ) {
      lux_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float lux_reg3and4 = ((lux_values[5] << 8) + lux_values[6]);
      lux_reg3and4 = lux_reg3and4;
      pubLUX = lux_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("LUX : "+(String)lux_reg3and4+"");

       int lux;
        lux = (int) (lux_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (luxcomp != lux){
        luxcomp = lux;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/LUX"), toCharArray(String(lux_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      
     }
    }
  
}



boolean reconnect() {

   while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){
    ESP.wdtFeed();            
    ESP.wdtDisable();                     
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(500);
    cnt3--;
        if(cnt3==0){
    ESP.wdtDisable();
    #ifdef SOFT_WATCHDOG
    ESP.wdtEnable(0);
    #endif  
    while(1);  
  }
  }
//   if(millis() - blinker > 3000){
//    
//        digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//        delay(20);
//        digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//        delay(300);
//        digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//        delay(20);
//        digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//        delay(300);
//        blinker = millis();   
//  }
  if (client.connect(clientID, mqttuser, mqttpass, toCharArray(prefix + "/Will"), 1, true, toCharArray("Disconnected"), true)) {
    client.setCallback(onMessageArrived);
  }
  return client.connected();
}



void uptime(){

  //** Making Note of an expected rollover *****//   
if(millis()>=3000000000){ 
HighMillis=1;

}
//** Making note of actual rollover **//
if(millis()<=100000&&HighMillis==1){
Rollover++;
HighMillis=0;
}

long secsUp = millis()/1000;

Second = secsUp%60;

Minute = (secsUp/60)%60;

Hour = (secsUp/(60*60))%24;

Day = (Rollover*50)+(secsUp/(60*60*24));  //First portion takes care of a rollover [around 50 days]
                       
}
void print_Uptime(){

  
  Serial.print(F("Uptime: ")); // The "F" Portion saves your SRam Space
  Serial.print(Day);
  Serial.print(F("  Days  "));
  Serial.print(Hour);
  Serial.print(F("  Hours  "));
  Serial.print(Minute);
  Serial.print(F("  Minutes  "));
  Serial.print(Second);
  Serial.println(F("  Seconds"));
}

void checkUpdate(){
if (millis() - timer3 > 3600000){
     repeatedCall(); 
     timer3 = millis();

} 
}


void FirmwareUpdateHost2() {
 WiFiClient  client;
  // client.setInsecure();
  if (!client.connect(host2, httpsPort2)) {
    Serial.println("Connection failed");
    return;
  }
  client.print(String("GET ") + "/"+SerialNumber+"/bin_version.txt" + " HTTP/1.1\r\n" +
               "Host: " + host2 + "\r\n" +
               "User-Agent: BuildFailureDetectorESP8266\r\n" +
               "Connection: close\r\n\r\n");
  while (client.connected()) {
    String line = client.readStringUntil('\n');
    if (line == "\r") {
      //Serial.println("Headers received");
      break;
    }
  }
  payload2 = client.readStringUntil('\n');
  Serial.println(payload2);
 // Serial.println(lastStringLength);
  if (payload2.length() != lastStringLength){
//    cnt5++;
//    Serial.println(cnt5);
//    if (cnt5 == 150){
//      ESP.restart();
//    }
    reconnect();
  }else {
  lastStringLength = payload2.length();

  payload2.trim();
  if(payload2.equals(FirmwareVer) )
  {   
     Serial.println("Device already on latest firmware version "+FirmwareVer); 
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("New firmware detected");
    ESPhttpUpdate.setLedPin(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); 
    t_httpUpdate_return ret = ESPhttpUpdate.update(client, URL_fw_Bin2);
        
    switch (ret) {
      case HTTP_UPDATE_FAILED:
        Serial.printf("HTTP_UPDATE_FAILD Error (%d): %s\n", ESPhttpUpdate.getLastError(), ESPhttpUpdate.getLastErrorString().c_str());
        break;

      case HTTP_UPDATE_NO_UPDATES:
        Serial.println("HTTP_UPDATE_NO_UPDATES");
        break;

      case HTTP_UPDATE_OK:
        Serial.println("HTTP_UPDATE_OK");
        break;
    } 
  }
 } 
} 
  



//void FirmwareUpdate()
//{  
//
//  WiFiClientSecure client;
//   client.setInsecure();
//  if (!client.connect(host, httpsPort)) {
//    Serial.println("Connection failed");
//    return;
//  }
//  client.print(String("GET ") + URL_fw_Version + " HTTP/1.1\r\n" +
//               "Host: " + host + "\r\n" +
//               "User-Agent: BuildFailureDetectorESP8266\r\n" +
//               "Connection: close\r\n\r\n");
//  while (client.connected()) {
//    String line = client.readStringUntil('\n');
//    if (line == "\r") {
//      //Serial.println("Headers received");
//      break;
//    }
//  }
//  String payload = client.readStringUntil('\n');
//    Serial.println(payload);
//
//  if (payload.length() != lastStringLength){
//    reconnect();
//  }else {
//  lastStringLength = payload.length();
//
//  payload.trim();
//  if(payload.equals(FirmwareVer) )
//  {   
//     Serial.println("Device already on latest firmware version "+FirmwareVer); 
//  }
//  else
//  {
//    Serial.println("New firmware detected");
//    ESPhttpUpdate.setLedPin(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); 
//    t_httpUpdate_return ret = ESPhttpUpdate.update(client, URL_fw_Bin);
//        
//    switch (ret) {
//      case HTTP_UPDATE_FAILED:
//        Serial.printf("HTTP_UPDATE_FAILD Error (%d): %s\n", ESPhttpUpdate.getLastError(), ESPhttpUpdate.getLastErrorString().c_str());
//        break;
//
//      case HTTP_UPDATE_NO_UPDATES:
//        Serial.println("HTTP_UPDATE_NO_UPDATES");
//        break;
//
//      case HTTP_UPDATE_OK:
//        Serial.println("HTTP_UPDATE_OK");
//        break;
//    } 
//  }
// }
//}  
// will store last time LED was updated
 void repeatedCall(){

      FirmwareUpdateHost2();  
   // }
 }


 bool testWifi(void)
{

  int c = 0;
  Serial.println("Waiting for Wifi to connect");
  while ( c < 30 ) {
    if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED)
    {
      return true;
    }
    delay(500);
    Serial.print("*");
    c++;
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("Connect timed out, opening AP");
  return false;
}

void launchWeb()
{

  Serial.println("");
  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED)
    Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.print("Local IP: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  Serial.print("SoftAP IP: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.softAPIP());
  createWebServer();
  // Start the server
  server.begin();
  Serial.println("Server started");
}
 
void setupAP(void)
{

   WiFi.mode(WIFI_AP_STA);
   // Begin WiFi
  WiFi.begin(esid.c_str(), epass.c_str());
  delay(100);
  int n = WiFi.scanNetworks();
  Serial.println("scan done");
  if (n == 0)
    Serial.println("no networks found");
  else
  {
    Serial.print(n);
    Serial.println(" networks found");
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
      // Print SSID and RSSI for each network found
      Serial.print(i + 1);
      Serial.print(": ");
      Serial.print(WiFi.SSID(i));
      Serial.print(" (");
      Serial.print(WiFi.RSSI(i));
      Serial.print(")");
      Serial.println((WiFi.encryptionType(i) == ENC_TYPE_NONE) ? " " : "*");
      delay(10);
    }
  }
  Serial.println("");
  st = "<ol>";
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
  {
    // Print SSID and RSSI for each network found
    st += "<li>";
    st += WiFi.SSID(i);
    st += " (";
    st += WiFi.RSSI(i);
 
    st += ")";
    st += (WiFi.encryptionType(i) == ENC_TYPE_NONE) ? " " : "*";
    st += "</li>";
  }
  st += "</ol>";
  delay(100);
  WiFi.softAP(AP_SSID,AP_PASS);
  Serial.println("softap");
  launchWeb();
  Serial.println("over");
}
 
void createWebServer()
{

 {
    server.on("/", []() {
      String content;
      IPAddress ip = WiFi.softAPIP();
      String ipStr = String(ip[0]) + '.' + String(ip[1]) + '.' + String(ip[2]) + '.' + String(ip[3]);
      content = "<!DOCTYPE HTML>\r\n<html>Hello from ESP8266 at ";
      //content += "<form action=\"/scan\" method=\"POST\"><input type=\"submit\" value=\"scan\"></form>";
      content += ipStr;
      content += "<p>";
      content += st;
      content += "</p><form method='get' action='setting'><label>SSID: </label><input name='ssid' length=32><input name='pass' length=64><input type='submit'></form>";
      content += "</html>";
      server.send(200, "text/html", content);
    });
//    server.on("/scan", []() {
//      String content;
//      //setupAP();
//      IPAddress ip = WiFi.softAPIP();
//      String ipStr = String(ip[0]) + '.' + String(ip[1]) + '.' + String(ip[2]) + '.' + String(ip[3]);
// 
//      content = "<!DOCTYPE HTML>\r\n<html>go back";
//      server.send(200, "text/html", content);
//    });
 
    server.on("/setting", []() {
      String content;
      String qsid = server.arg("ssid");
      String qpass = server.arg("pass");
      if (qsid.length() > 0 && qpass.length() > 0) {
        Serial.println("clearing eeprom");
        for (int i = 0; i < 96; ++i) {
          EEPROM.write(i, 0);
        }
        Serial.println(qsid);
        Serial.println("");
        Serial.println(qpass);
        Serial.println("");
 
        Serial.println("writing eeprom ssid:");
        for (int i = 0; i < qsid.length(); ++i)
        {
          EEPROM.write(i, qsid[i]);
          Serial.print("Wrote: ");
          Serial.println(qsid[i]);
        }
        Serial.println("writing eeprom pass:");
        for (int i = 0; i < qpass.length(); ++i)
        {
          EEPROM.write(32 + i, qpass[i]);
          Serial.print("Wrote: ");
          Serial.println(qpass[i]);
        }
        EEPROM.commit();
 
        content = "{\"Success\":\"saved to eeprom... reset to boot into new wifi\"}";
        statusCode = 200;
        ESP.reset();    // when you call this nothing will be sent back to the browser afterwards
      } else {
        content = "{\"Error\":\"404 not found\"}";
        statusCode = 404;
        Serial.println("Sending 404");
      }
      server.sendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
      server.send(statusCode, "application/json", content);
 
    });
  } 
}

void mqttconnect(){

    Serial.print("///////////////");
  client.setServer(mqttServerName, mqttport);
  client.setCallback(onMessageArrived);

   while (!client.connected()){
    

    delay(1000);
    Serial.println("Connecting To Server ...");
    if (client.connect(clientID, mqttuser, mqttpass, toCharArray(prefix + "/Will"), 1, true, toCharArray("Bye"), true))
    {
      Serial.println("Connected To Server");
      
    }  
   
    else 
    {

//       if(millis() - blinker > 3000){
//    
//        digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//        delay(20);
//        digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//        delay(300);
//        digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);
//        delay(20);
//        digitalWrite(redPin, LOW); 
//        delay(300);
//        blinker = millis();   
//  }
      cnt4--;
      Serial.print("failed with state ");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      delay(2000);
       if(cnt4==0){
      ESP.wdtDisable();
      #ifdef SOFT_WATCHDOG
      ESP.wdtEnable(0);
      #endif  
      while(1);
  }
  delay(1000);
       
   }
}
}


void checkWifi (){

   while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED){

//    digitalWrite(redPin, HIGH);            // Fast Blink Red LED 
//    delay(100);
//    digitalWrite(redPin, LOW);
//                       
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(500);
    cnt--;
    if(cnt==0){
    ESP.wdtDisable();
    #ifdef SOFT_WATCHDOG
    ESP.wdtEnable(0);
    #endif  
    while(1);
  }
}
}

char* toCharArray(String str) {

  return &str[0];
}

void onMessageArrived(char* t, byte* m, unsigned int length) {

  
  String message = "";
  String topic = "";
  topic = String(t);
  message = String((char*)m);
  message = message.substring(0, length);

  if (message == "HELLO") {
    Serial.println("Hello client");
    client.publish(toCharArray(prefix + "/server"), toCharArray("HELLO"));
    Serial.println("Hello server");
  }
}

void publishData(){
  if (NPKPublish == 1){
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PH"), toCharArray(String(pubPH)));
   delay(100);
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PHOS"), toCharArray(String(pubPHOS)));
   delay(100);
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/POT"), toCharArray(String(pubPOT)));
   delay(100);
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/EC"), toCharArray(String(pubEC)));
   delay(100);
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/MOIST"), toCharArray(String(pubMOIST)));
   delay(100);
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Temperature"), toCharArray(String(pubTEMP)));
   delay(100);
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/NI"), toCharArray(String(pubNI)));
   delay(100);
  }
  if (ECPublish == 1){
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/EC"), toCharArray(String(pubEC2)));
   delay(100);
  }
  if (PHPublish == 1){
   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/3/PH"), toCharArray(String(pubPH2)));
   delay(100);
  }
  if (ALLPublish == 1){
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/LUX"), toCharArray(String(pubLUX)));
    delay(100);
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/CO2"), toCharArray(String(pubCO2)));
    delay(100);
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/Temperature"), toCharArray(String(pubTEMP3)));
    delay(100);
    client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/Humidity"), toCharArray(String(pubHUMID)));
    delay(100);
  }
//   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/ORP"), toCharArray(String(pubORP)));
//   delay(100);
//   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PH2"), toCharArray(String(pubPH2)));
//   delay(100);
//   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Temperature2"), toCharArray(String(pubTEMP2)));
//   delay(100);
//   client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/Resistance"), toCharArray(String(pubRES)));
}

[Idahowalker]

WHAT ERROR???????

ESP32? Why use software serial?

EEPROM on a ESP32 has been depreciated use ESP32 Preferences in stead.

ESP32 Save Data Permanently using Preferences Library | Random Nerd Tutorials

[navidh91]

I use esp8266

[b707]

@navidh91

How can I change all strings in this code to characters

In general you can't convert "string to character", because in strict words it means "...to single character" , and the string can contains a multiple chars.

So please clarify your request.

[navidh91]

When I run this code, after some time I get this error and esp is reset.

--------------- CUT HERE FOR EXCEPTION DECODER ---------------

Exception (0):
epc1=0x40211bf0 epc2=0x00000000 epc3=0x00000000 excvaddr=0x00000000 depc=0x00000000

>>>stack>>>

ctx: sys
sp: 3fffeb90 end: 3fffffb0 offset: 0190
3fffed20:  3ffee1d0 00000000 00000000 3fffee90  
3fffed30:  3ffee1d0 00000001 3ffebf10 00000030  
3fffed40:  00000001 40104be2 00004000 00040000  
3fffed50:  00000005 00000000 00000020 c0037004  
3fffed60:  00000000 00000001 0000000e 401009d4  
3fffed70:  00000020 40105a1f 3ffed0f8 00040000  
3fffed80:  40103313 3ffed0f8 00000000 00000022  
3fffed90:  3fffc200 40100910 3fffc258 4000050c  
3fffeda0:  4000485b 00000030 00000020 ffffffff  
3fffedb0:  40101fd0 00e8a101 3feffe00 60000200  
3fffedc0:  fffdffff 04000001 fffffffe 04000001  
3fffedd0:  04000003 00000001 04000002 00000008  
3fffede0:  00000000 00000000 60000600 00000030  
3fffedf0:  4000050c 40100910 3fffc258 4000050c  
3fffee00:  4023d561 00000030 00000010 ffffffff  
3fffee10:  4023d9c6 00000008 3ffef4ea fffff5a1  
3fffee20:  3ffee888 4023da78 00000001 bfffffff  
3fffee30:  ffffffff 3fffc6fc 00000001 00000008  
3fffee40:  3ffee8b0 0444c810 60000600 00000030  
3fffee50:  3ffee8b0 3ffeffac 3fffc228 401062b9  
3fffee60:  4000050c 0154d67a 4022d6b2 3ffeffac  
3fffee70:  40000f68 00000030 00000010 ffffffff  
3fffee80:  40000f58 00000000 00000020 00000000  
3fffee90:  402202bc 00000000 00000020 401011d0  
3fffeea0:  4023a751 3ffe943c 00011888 4021b9f9  
3fffeeb0:  00000000 3fffdcb0 3ffee8c8 4021ba58  
3fffeec0:  00000000 0001178e 722d0e56 40235af4  
3fffeed0:  00000008 00000000 f7ffffff 60000600  
3fffeee0:  00000008 00000000 f7ffffff 4022023c  
3fffeef0:  4023d5b4 00000008 3ffee8b0 0444c810  
3fffef00:  4023d9c6 0155308a 3ffefc8c 60000600  
3fffef10:  044452b0 3ffee8b0 4023da8b 3ffe943c  
3fffef20:  3ffee8b0 01554afe 3ffee8b0 60000600  
3fffef30:  40244c59 3ffe943c 3ffee8b0 044452b0  
3fffef40:  40244c9e 3fffdab0 00000000 3fffdcb0  
3fffef50:  3ffee8d0 3fffdad0 3ffef4fc 4020e416  
3fffef60:  40000f49 3ffe9780 3fffdab0 40000f49  
3fffef70:  40000e19 00054383 bff00000 0000bfff  
3fffef80:  00000005 aa55aa55 000000f4 40105b21  
3fffef90:  40105b27 bff00000 0000bfff 00000035  
3fffefa0:  4010000d bff00000 00054383 401000ab  
3fffefb0:  40234fac 3fffef4c 40234f65 3ffffe48  
3fffefc0:  3fffffd0 00000000 00000000 feefeffe  
3fffefd0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3fffefe0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3fffeff0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff000:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff010:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff020:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff030:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff040:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff050:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff060:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff070:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff080:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff090:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff0a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff0b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff0c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff0d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff0e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff0f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff100:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff110:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff120:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff130:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff140:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff150:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff160:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff170:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff180:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff190:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff1a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff1b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff1c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff1d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff1e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff1f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff200:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff210:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff220:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff230:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff240:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff250:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff260:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff270:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff280:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff290:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff2a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff2b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff2c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff2d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff2e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff2f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff300:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff310:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff320:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff330:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff340:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff350:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff360:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff370:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff380:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff390:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff3a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff3b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff3c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff3d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff3e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff3f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff400:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff410:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff420:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff430:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff440:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff450:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff460:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff470:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff480:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff490:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff4a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff4b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff4c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff4d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff4e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff4f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff500:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff510:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff520:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff530:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff540:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff550:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff560:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff570:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff580:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff590:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff5a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff5b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff5c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff5d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff5e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff5f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff600:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff610:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff620:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff630:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff640:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff650:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff660:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff670:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff680:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff690:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff6a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff6b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff6c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff6d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff6e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff6f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff700:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff710:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff720:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff730:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff740:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff750:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff760:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff770:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff780:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff790:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff7a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff7b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff7c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff7d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff7e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff7f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff800:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff810:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff820:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff830:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff840:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff850:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff860:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff870:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff880:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff890:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff8a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff8b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff8c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff8d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff8e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff8f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff900:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff910:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff920:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff930:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff940:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff950:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff960:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff970:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff980:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff990:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff9a0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff9b0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff9c0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff9d0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff9e0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffff9f0:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa00:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa10:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa20:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa30:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa40:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa50:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa60:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa70:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa80:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffa90:  feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe feefeffe  
3ffffaa0:  00000002 00000243 00004000 feefeffe  
3ffffab0:  00000003 0000027a 00004000 c0037004  
3ffffac0:  00000000 00000001 0000000e c0033004  
3ffffad0:  00000000 00000001 0000000e 401009d4  
3ffffae0:  00000020 00000226 00004000 00000022  
3ffffaf0:  00000001 00000278 00004000 00000022  
3ffffb00:  4000050c 40100910 3fffc258 4000050c  
3ffffb10:  40229e95 00000030 00000018 ffffffff  
3ffffb20:  3ffed5f0 00000040 fffff0ff 000037d0  
3ffffb30:  3fff3b20 3ffed980 00000000 00000006  
3ffffb40:  00000080 0000ffe8 00080000 3ffece78  
3ffffb50:  00000041 3fff324c 3ffeff94 00000030  
3ffffb60:  3fff3b3a 3ffee1d0 00000000 0000c002  
3ffffb70:  00000060 00000001 00000800 00000000  
3ffffb80:  00000000 2064a8c0 00000002 3ffee1d0  
3ffffb90:  3ffeff94 3fff34dc 3fff3b04 00000030  
3ffffba0:  00000020 2c9f0300 4000050c 3fffc278  
3ffffbb0:  401036cc 3fffc200 00000022 00000022  
3ffffbc0:  4000050c 40100910 3fffc258 4000050c  
3ffffbd0:  4021b156 00000030 00000000 ffffffff  
3ffffbe0:  40222668 00000000 40241187 00000001  
3ffffbf0:  00000001 00000000 00000014 40100690  
3ffffc00:  402411d6 3ffece78 00000001 4023ee5b  
3ffffc10:  402412ba 3ffece78 401028c7 3ffece78  
3ffffc20:  00000014 3fff3b04 00000008 3fff3b20  
3ffffc30:  40240248 3ffece78 3ffed5f0 3fff3b04  
3ffffc40:  00000000 402298cf 3ffee1d0 3ffeff94  
3ffffc50:  00000000 00000002 00000000 3ffece78  
3ffffc60:  00000005 00000000 00000020 40100690  
3ffffc70:  000005e0 00000000 40104825 3ffed860  
3ffffc80:  00000005 00000000 00000020 40100690  
3ffffc90:  0000001c 00000001 00000005 40102788  
3ffffca0:  00000000 00000291 00004000 40100690  
3ffffcb0:  00000001 00000282 00004000 c0037004  
3ffffcc0:  00000000 00000001 0000000e 401009d4  
3ffffcd0:  00000020 00000001 0000000e c0033004  
3ffffce0:  00000000 00000001 0000000e 00000022  
3ffffcf0:  4000050c 40100910 3fffc258 4000050c  
3ffffd00:  00000000 00000293 00004000 ffffffff  
3ffffd10:  4020d150 3fff3527 00000000 c0037004  
3ffffd20:  00000000 00000001 0000000e 401009d4  
3ffffd30:  00000020 3ffffea3 00000039 3ffffe98  
3ffffd40:  00000010 3fff351c 0000000b 00000022  
3ffffd50:  4000050c 40100910 3fffc258 4000050c  
3ffffd60:  4020e583 00000030 00000010 ffffffff  
3ffffd70:  40206f84 000c3500 000b9c29 59a790a3  
3ffffd80:  00004bc6 00000000 00000001 00000008  
3ffffd90:  401066a4 ffffffff 00000000 00000000  
3ffffda0:  3ffeed20 44780000 00011782 00000030  
3ffffdb0:  3ffeed20 44780000 00011782 00000030  
3ffffdc0:  00000003 44780000 00011782 00000030  
3ffffdd0:  3ffef9b0 00000000 00000000 00011782  
3ffffde0:  3fff351c 00000010 00000020 401011d0  
3ffffdf0:  00000000 0000026f 000000d0 00000000  
3ffffe00:  00000000 00000006 3ffffe98 00000294  
3ffffe10:  00000293 3fff0654 3ffeed74 40206e15  
3ffffe20:  3fff0664 0000000c 3ffffe60 00011782  
3ffffe30:  000036c0 000006d8 3ffe85fc 00011782  
3ffffe40:  00000000 00000000 3ffe85f8 3ffeed20  
3ffffe50:  44780000 00011782 4020e532 3fffefb0  
3ffffe60:  44780000 3ffeed20 00000000 40206f84  
3ffffe70:  44780000 00000006 3ffeed20 4020498f  
3ffffe80:  00000000 000c000f 00000000 00000000  
3ffffe90:  000c000f 00000000 00000000 000c000f  
3ffffea0:  00000000 3ffef4d4 3ffe85f8 3ffef4d4  
3ffffeb0:  00000006 3ffef0f8 4020e484 3ffef0f8  
3ffffec0:  3ffef0e8 3ffef4d4 00000064 3ffef0f8  
3ffffed0:  3ffef0e8 3fff351c 3ffef03c 4020675a  
3ffffee0:  00000000 0012001f 00000000 00000000  
3ffffef0:  002a002f 00000000 00000000 002a002f  
3fffff00:  00000000 00000000 000d000f 00000000  
3fffff10:  00000000 0021002f 00000000 00000000  
3fffff20:  000c000f 00000000 00000000 000b000f  
3fffff30:  00000000 00000000 3ffef330 00000000  
3fffff40:  00000000 303a656d 00000000 00000000  
3fffff50:  303a656d 00000000 00000000 303a656d  
3fffff60:  00000000 00000000 0025002f 00000000  
3fffff70:  00000000 0025002f 00000000 3fff3234  
3fffff80:  000e000f 80000000 00000000 feefeffe  
3fffff90:  3fff351c 3ffe8f28 feefeffe 3ffef4fc  
3fffffa0:  3fffdad0 00000000 3ffef4d0 3ffef4fc  
<<<stack<<<

--------------- CUT HERE FOR EXCEPTION DECODER ---------------

[navidh91]

I searched about this. It is said here that this error is due to many Strings in the code.

ESP8266 repeatedly throws Exception(0)

[navidh91]

I still couldn't figure out exactly where the problem is.

[b707]

@navidh91

byte pot_values[11];
byte moist_values[11];
byte phos_values[11];
byte ni_values[11];
byte ec_values[11];
byte temp_values[11];

byte humid_values[11];
byte temp3_values[11];
byte co2_values[11];
byte lux_values[11];

11 ?
What is the magical number ?

[Idahowalker]

@navidh91

CUT HERE FOR EXCEPTION DECODER

And when you get that error, did you put that error into the ESP EXCEPTION DECODER?

That way you might get a meaning.

My guessing would be an array has went out of bounds or if OTA is being used what's the total program space used? If greater then 50% that's an issue.

[navidh91]

When the code is running for about 4 to 5 minutes. Suddenly this error appears and esp is reset.
When the code is running. About 33,000 to 35,000 memories are free.

[Idahowalker]

@navidh91

About 33,000 to 35,000 memories are free

How do you know 35K memories are free when the code is running?

The results of the ESP EXCEPTION decoder is.........................?

[navidh91]

@Idahowalker

ESP EXCEPTION DECODER

through the code below
Serial.println(ESP.getFreeHeap());

How can I find the error from ESP EXCEPTION DECODER?

[b707]

It seems to me that the logic of the code below is incorrect:

@navidh91

if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ph_values) ) {
      ph_values[i++] = mod.read();
       float ph_reg3and4 = ((ph_values[3] << 8) + ph_values[4]);
      ph_reg3and4 = ph_reg3and4/100;
      pubPH = ph_reg3and4;
      //Serial.println("PH : "+(String)ph_reg3and4+"");
      if(ph_reg3and4>=0){
        NPKPublish = 1;
      PHtrigger = 1;
      OtherParameterignore = 0;
      Serial.println("PH : "+(String)ph_reg3and4+"");
      int ph;
        ph = (int) (ph_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (phcomp != ph){
        phcomp = ph;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PH"), toCharArray(String(ph_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }

Once you read the only first byte into the ph_values[] array, you start to calculate the formula:

float ph_reg3and4 = ((ph_values[3] << 8) + ph_values[4]);

But in that moment you don't have a elements 3 & 4 of the array yet!

And after that you start to publish calculated (incorrect) data in the net and do it 11 times - for each byte readied from the modbus.

The same for reading the phos_values array, the pot_values and the others.

[johnwasser]

@navidh91

String SerialNumber = "VMN-A01-01-0002";
const String FirmwareVer={"1.6.1"}; 
#define URL_fw_Version "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navid-h/"+SerialNumber+"/main/bin_version.txt"
#define URL_fw_Bin "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navid-h/"+SerialNumber+"/main/"+SerialNumber+".bin"
const char* host = "raw.githubusercontent.com";
const int httpsPort = 443;


#define URL_fw_Version2 "http://mqtt.angizehco.com"
#define URL_fw_Bin2 "http://mqtt.angizehco.com/"+SerialNumber+"/"+SerialNumber+".bin"
const char* host2 = "mqtt.angizehco.com";

#define SerialNumber "VMN-A01-01-0002"
#define FirmwareVer "1.6.1"
#define URL_fw_Version "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navid-h/" SerialNumber "/main/bin_version.txt"
#define URL_fw_Bin "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/navid-h/" SerialNumber "/main/" SerialNumber ".bin"
const char* host = "raw.githubusercontent.com";
const int httpsPort = 443;

#define URL_fw_Version2 "http://mqtt.angizehco.com"
#define URL_fw_Bin2 "http://mqtt.angizehco.com/" SerialNumber "/" SerialNumber ".bin"
const char* host2 = "mqtt.angizehco.com";

[navidh91]

You are right about this part of the code. Tomorrow, I will work on this part so that only when bytes 3 and 4 are available, the processing and sending operations will be done and I will send the results.
If you have any suggestions on how to improve this part of the code, please send them.

[navidh91]

I changed this part of the code like this and the result was like this

    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(ph_values) ) {
      ph_values[i++] = mod.read();
      if(i>2&&i<5){
       float ph_reg3and4 = ((ph_values[3] << 8) + ph_values[4]);
      ph_reg3and4 = ph_reg3and4/100;
      pubPH = ph_reg3and4;
      //Serial.println("PH : "+(String)ph_reg3and4+"");
      if(ph_reg3and4>=0){
        NPKPublish = 1;
      PHtrigger = 1;
      OtherParameterignore = 0;
      Serial.println("PH : "+(String)ph_reg3and4+"");
      int ph;
        ph = (int) (ph_reg3and4 * 10L);
        if (phcomp != ph){
        phcomp = ph;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/2/PH"), toCharArray(String(ph_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
        
      }
      }
    }

Waiting for Wifi to connect
*******Succesfully Connected!!!
///////////////Connecting To Server ...
Connected To Server
Uptime: 0  Days  0  Hours  0  Minutes  5  Seconds
IP: 192.168.100.32
check NPK sensor
check EC sensor
PH2 : 0.00
PH2 : 5.12
Published
HUMID : 0.00
HUMID : 0.00
TEMP : 0.00
TEMP : 0.00
CO2 : 0.00
CO2 : 0.00
LUX : 0.00
LUX : 0.00
Uptime: 0  Days  0  Hours  0  Minutes  16  Seconds
IP: 192.168.100.32
check NPK sensor
check EC sensor
PH2 : 7.00
Published
PH2 : 4.44
Published
HUMID : 24.20
Published
HUMID : 24.20
TEMP : 23.00
Published
TEMP : 23.00
CO2 : 25.10
Published
CO2 : 25.10
LUX : 1024.00
Published
LUX : 1024.00

--------------- CUT HERE FOR EXCEPTION DECODER ---------------

Soft WDT reset

>>>stack>>>

ctx: cont
sp: 3ffffcb0 end: 3fffffd0 offset: 01a0
3ffffe50:  00000000 00006a80 fcac0831 000062e9  
3ffffe60:  44800000 3ffeed00 00000000 40206f8e  
3ffffe70:  44800000 00000008 3ffeed00 40204963  
3ffffe80:  00000000 000d000f 00000000 00000000  
3ffffe90:  000d000f 00000000 00000000 000d000f  
3ffffea0:  00000000 3ffef48c 3ffe85f8 3ffef48c  
3ffffeb0:  00000008 00000007 4020e47c 3ffef0b0  
3ffffec0:  3ffef0a0 3ffef48c 00000014 3ffef0b0  
3ffffed0:  3ffef0a0 3fff34d4 3ffeeff4 4020677c  
3ffffee0:  00000000 0012001f 00000000 00000000  
3ffffef0:  002a002f 00000000 00000000 002a002f  
3fffff00:  00000000 00000000 000d000f 00000000  
3fffff10:  00000000 0021002f 00000000 00000000  
3fffff20:  000c000f 00000000 00000000 000b000f  
3fffff30:  00000000 00000000 3ffef2e8 00000000  
3fffff40:  00000000 303a656d 00000000 00000000  
3fffff50:  303a656d 00000000 00000000 303a656d  
3fffff60:  00000000 00000000 0025002f 00000000  
3fffff70:  00000000 0025002f 00000000 3fff336c  
3fffff80:  000e000f 80000000 00000000 feefeffe  
3fffff90:  3fff34d4 3ffe8f0e feefeffe 3ffef4b4  
3fffffa0:  3fffdad0 00000000 3ffef488 3ffef4b4  
3fffffb0:  3fffdad0 00000000 3ffef488 4020e690  
3fffffc0:  feefeffe feefeffe 3fffdab0 40101469  
<<<stack<<<

--------------- CUT HERE FOR EXCEPTION DECODER ---------------

[navidh91]

I also disabled all the watchdog commands in the code, but the result did not change

[navidh91]

This is the result of exception code decoder:

Decoding stack results
0x40206ecb: delegate::detail::DelegateImpl::operator()() const at C:\Users\Navid\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\3.1.0\libraries\SoftwareSerial\src\circular_queue/Delegate.h line 1126

0x40204967: multi_sensor_co2_detect() at C:\Users\Navid\Desktop\NPK\Payesh_Node2.0_TEST/Payesh_Node2.0_TEST.ino line 1451

0x4020e4ac: esp_try_delay(unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int) at C:\Users\Navid\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\3.1.0\cores\esp8266*core_esp8266_main.cpp* line 171

0x402067ac: SoftwareSerial::SoftwareSerial() at C:\Users\Navid\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\3.1.0\cores\esp8266/Print.h line 46

0x4020e6c0: dtostrf(double, signed char, unsigned char, char)* at C:\Users\Navid\AppData\Local\Arduino15\packages\esp8266\hardware\esp8266\3.1.0\cores\esp8266*core_esp8266_noniso.cpp* line 73

[navidh91]

I noticed that when the function multi_sensor_lux_detect(); I remove from the code, the problem is solved, but where is the problem?

multi_sensor_lux_detect();



void multi_sensor_lux_detect(){

  uint32_t startTime;
  uint8_t i;

  // flush the receive buffer
  while (mod.available()) mod.read();

  // switch to transmit mode
  digitalWrite(DE, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RE, HIGH);
  delay(100);

  // write out the modbus command bytes and wait for the transmission to finish
  mod.write(lux, sizeof(lux));
  mod.flush();
  // switch to receive mode 
  digitalWrite(DE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RE, LOW);

  i = 0;
  startTime = millis();
  // wait for up to 500ms for a response
  while ( millis() - startTime <= 2000UL ) {
    //delay(50);
    if (mod.available() && i<sizeof(lux_values) ) {
      lux_values[i++] = mod.read();
      if(i>4&&i<7){
       float lux_reg3and4 = ((lux_values[5] << 8) + lux_values[6]);
      lux_reg3and4 = lux_reg3and4;
      pubLUX = lux_reg3and4;
      Serial.println("LUX : "+(String)lux_reg3and4+"");

       int lux;
        lux = (int) (lux_reg3and4 * 1L);
        if (luxcomp != lux){
        luxcomp = lux;
        client.publish(toCharArray("/angizeh/"+SerialNumber+"/24/4/LUX"), toCharArray(String(lux_reg3and4)));
        Serial.println("Published");
        }
      }
      
     }
    }
  
}

[Idahowalker]

if you'd notice Software serial is throwing an error. Why use software serial when the esp32 has 3 hardware serial ports?