i've worked with four dc motors and one lm289 motor driver, connected with an esp32 Arduino dev board, i didn't connect a parallel capacitors to the motors, the motors share the ground with the esp32 board, could the emf effect the esp32 and make it faulty?
LM289? Did you mean an L298N motor driver?
yes the standered for these projects
I wasn't familiar with an LM289 driver, so I asked rather than assumed. There are many motor drivers in use.
A capacitor across the motor will reduce radio frequency EMI, not back EMF. And the typical L298N motor driver module usually includes the 8 diodes required to handle inductive loads.
A capacitive load on a driver can actually stress it. So check the L289N datasheet before doing that and if they recommend capacitors use the recommended uF value.
You should. See this tutorial: Pololu - 9. Dealing with Motor Noise
For best results, the motors should be powered independently of the MCU. If you can't, you need noise filters on the power lead to the MCU, which can be as simple as an RC filter. Look up "power supply decoupling" for more information.
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