ExFatLoger data corruption

I've modified ExFatLoger to log data from an Adafruit LSM6DS33 accelerometer/gyro. Running the logger in test "t" mode indicated that the data is coming through and appears to work correctly. When in actually log data with the 'r' commend, the first 251 records appear to be good. The next record has 'ovf' overflow on the last two readings. Eventually at record 318 the corruption goes away but the logging frequency, originally 100hz, has been changed to something much higher.

The data record consists of 6 float, or 24 bytes, padded to 32 as per the requirement for a size that is a power of 2.

The corruption is repeatable for any running time in excess of 5 seconds or so. There is the occasional mis-read of the sensors giving a zero result, but this is down in the noise level of 1 in 1000 records or similar.

My changes are in the functions: logRecord(), printRecord, and setup() and usually are bracketed by
// Adafruit
// jlk
I changed the pin for SPI to 4 and am using Fat16/Fat32 on fresh 16GB UHS-1 SanDisk formated with the example sketch SdFormatter.

Code was run on a Elegoo Mega2560 w/t a Seeed Sd Shield v 4.2
AMA

// Example to demonstrate write latency for preallocated exFAT files.
// I suggest you write a PC program to convert very large bin files.
//
// If an exFAT SD is required, the ExFatFormatter example will format
// smaller cards with an exFAT file system.
//
// The maximum data rate will depend on the quality of your SD,
// the size of the FIFO, and using dedicated SPI.
#include "SdFat.h"
#include "FreeStack.h"
#include "ExFatLogger.h"

// Adafruit inline code
#include <Adafruit_LSM6DS33.h>
Adafruit_LSM6DS33 lsm6ds33;
#include <inttypes.h>
/*
All Qwiic cables have the following color scheme and arrangement:

Black = GND
Red = 3.3V
Blue = SDA
Yellow = SCL
*/

// Adafruit ends

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// This example was designed for exFAT but will support FAT16/FAT32.
// Note: Uno will not support SD_FAT_TYPE = 3.
// SD_FAT_TYPE = 0 for SdFat/File as defined in SdFatConfig.h,
// 1 for FAT16/FAT32, 2 for exFAT, 3 for FAT16/FAT32 and exFAT.
#define SD_FAT_TYPE 1 //jlk
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Interval between data records in microseconds.
// Try 250 with Teensy 3.6, Due, or STM32.
// Try 2000 with AVR boards.
// Try 4000 with SAMD Zero boards.
const uint32_t LOG_INTERVAL_USEC = 10000; // logging and 100hz

// Set USE_RTC nonzero for file timestamps.
// RAM use will be marginal on Uno with RTClib.
// 0 - RTC not used
// 1 - DS1307
// 2 - DS3231
// 3 - PCF8523
#define USE_RTC 0
#if USE_RTC
#include "RTClib.h"
#endif  // USE_RTC

// LED to light if overruns occur.
#define ERROR_LED_PIN -1

/*
  Change the value of SD_CS_PIN if you are using SPI and
  your hardware does not use the default value, SS.
  Common values are:
  Arduino Ethernet shield: pin 4
  Sparkfun SD shield: pin 8
  Adafruit SD shields and modules: pin 10
*/

// SDCARD_SS_PIN is defined for the built-in SD on some boards.
#ifndef SDCARD_SS_PIN
const uint8_t SD_CS_PIN = 4; //jlk
#else  // SDCARD_SS_PIN
// Assume built-in SD is used.
const uint8_t SD_CS_PIN = SDCARD_SS_PIN;
#endif  // SDCARD_SS_PIN

// FIFO SIZE - 512 byte sectors.  Modify for your board.
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega328P__
// Use 512 bytes for 328 boards.
#define FIFO_SIZE_SECTORS 1
#elif defined(__AVR__)
// Use 2 KiB for other AVR boards.
#define FIFO_SIZE_SECTORS 4
#else  // __AVR_ATmega328P__
// Use 8 KiB for non-AVR boards.
#define FIFO_SIZE_SECTORS 16
#endif  // __AVR_ATmega328P__

// Preallocate 1GiB file.
const uint32_t PREALLOCATE_SIZE_MiB = 1024UL;

// Select the fastest interface. Assumes no other SPI devices.
#if ENABLE_DEDICATED_SPI
#define SD_CONFIG SdSpiConfig(SD_CS_PIN, DEDICATED_SPI)
#else  // ENABLE_DEDICATED_SPI
#define SD_CONFIG SdSpiConfig(SD_CS_PIN, SHARED_SPI)
#endif  // ENABLE_DEDICATED_SPI

// Save SRAM if 328.
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega328P__
#include "MinimumSerial.h"
MinimumSerial MinSerial;
#define Serial MinSerial
#endif  // __AVR_ATmega328P__
//==============================================================================
// Replace logRecord(), printRecord(), and ExFatLogger.h for your sensors.
void logRecord(data_t* data, uint16_t overrun) {
  // Adafruit inline code
  sensors_event_t accel;
  sensors_event_t gyro;
  sensors_event_t temp;
  // Adafruit ends

  if (overrun) {
    for (size_t i = 1; i < ADC_COUNT; i++) {
      data->adc[i] = 0;
    }
  } else {

    // Adafruit inline code
    lsm6ds33.getEvent(&accel, &gyro, &temp);
    
    // Store the acceleratomter 'X' data for logging
    in_and_out.sensorData = accel.acceleration.x;
    data->adc[0] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
    data->adc[1] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];

    
in_and_out.ts = millis();
//    in_and_out.sensorData = accel.acceleration.y;
    data->adc[2] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
    data->adc[3] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];

    in_and_out.sensorData = accel.acceleration.z;
    data->adc[4] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
    data->adc[5] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];

    // Now the gyro data

    in_and_out.sensorData = accel.gyro.x;
    data->adc[6] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
    data->adc[7] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];

    in_and_out.sensorData = accel.gyro.y;
    data->adc[8] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
    data->adc[9] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];
   
    in_and_out.sensorData = accel.gyro.z;
    data->adc[10] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
    data->adc[11] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];

    // Adafruit ends
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void printRecord(Print* pr, data_t* data) {
  static uint32_t nr = 0;
  if (!data) {
    pr->print(F("LOG_INTERVAL_USEC,"));
    pr->println(LOG_INTERVAL_USEC);
    pr->print(F("rec#"));
/*
    for (size_t i = 0; i < ADC_COUNT; i++) {
      pr->print(F(",adc"));
      pr->print(i);
    }
*/
    pr->print(F(",Acc X,Acc Y, Acc Z,Gyro X, Gyro Y, Gyro Z"));
    pr->println();
    nr = 0;
    return;
  }
  if (data->adc[0] == 0 && data->adc[1] == 0 && data->adc[2] == 0) {
    uint16_t n = data->adc[0] & 0X7FFF;
    nr += n;
    pr->print(F("-1,"));
    pr->print(n);
    pr->println(F(",overuns"));
  } else {
    pr->print(nr++);

/*    for (size_t i = 0; i < ADC_COUNT; i++) {
      pr->write(',');
      pr->print(data->adc[i]);
    }
*/

    // Adafruit inline code
    
    // first the accelerometer data
    in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[0];
    in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[1];
    pr->write(',');
    pr->print(in_and_out.sensorData, 3);

    in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[2];
    in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[3];
    pr->write(',');
pr->print(data->adc[2]);
    pr->write(',');
pr->print(data->adc[3]);
//    pr->print(in_and_out.sensorData, 3);
/* char mystr[10];
sprintf(mystr, "%ld", in_and_out.ts);
pr->print(mystr);
*/
    in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[4];
    in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[5];
    pr->write(',');
    pr->print(in_and_out.sensorData, 3);

    // then the gyro data
    in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[6];
    in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[7];
    pr->write(',');
    pr->print(in_and_out.sensorData, 3);

    in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[8];
    in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[9];
    pr->write(',');
    pr->print(in_and_out.sensorData, 3);

    in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[10];
    in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[11];
    pr->write(',');
    pr->print(in_and_out.sensorData, 3);
    // ends Adafruit

    pr->println();
  }
}
//==============================================================================
const uint64_t PREALLOCATE_SIZE  =  (uint64_t)PREALLOCATE_SIZE_MiB << 20;
// Max length of file name including zero byte.
#define FILE_NAME_DIM 40
// Max number of records to buffer while SD is busy.
const size_t FIFO_DIM = 512*FIFO_SIZE_SECTORS/sizeof(data_t);

#if SD_FAT_TYPE == 0
typedef SdFat sd_t;
typedef File file_t;
#elif SD_FAT_TYPE == 1
typedef SdFat32 sd_t;
typedef File32 file_t;
#elif SD_FAT_TYPE == 2
typedef SdExFat sd_t;
typedef ExFile file_t;
#elif SD_FAT_TYPE == 3
typedef SdFs sd_t;
typedef FsFile file_t;
#else  // SD_FAT_TYPE
#error Invalid SD_FAT_TYPE
#endif  // SD_FAT_TYPE

sd_t sd;

file_t binFile;
file_t csvFile;
// You may modify the filename.  Digits before the dot are file versions.
char binName[] = "ExFatLogger00.bin";
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if USE_RTC
#if USE_RTC == 1
RTC_DS1307 rtc;
#elif USE_RTC == 2
RTC_DS3231 rtc;
#elif USE_RTC == 3
RTC_PCF8523 rtc;
#else  // USE_RTC == type
#error USE_RTC type not implemented.
#endif  // USE_RTC == type
// Call back for file timestamps.  Only called for file create and sync().
void dateTime(uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time, uint8_t* ms10) {
  DateTime now = rtc.now();

  // Return date using FS_DATE macro to format fields.
  *date = FS_DATE(now.year(), now.month(), now.day());

  // Return time using FS_TIME macro to format fields.
  *time = FS_TIME(now.hour(), now.minute(), now.second());

  // Return low time bits in units of 10 ms.
  *ms10 = now.second() & 1 ? 100 : 0;
}
#endif  // USE_RTC
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define error(s) sd.errorHalt(&Serial, F(s))
#define dbgAssert(e) ((e) ? (void)0 : error("assert " #e))
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Convert binary file to csv file.
void binaryToCsv() {
  uint8_t lastPct = 0;
  uint32_t t0 = millis();
  data_t binData[FIFO_DIM];

  if (!binFile.seekSet(512)) {
	  error("binFile.seek faile");
  }
  uint32_t tPct = millis();
  printRecord(&csvFile, nullptr);
  while (!Serial.available() && binFile.available()) {
    int nb = binFile.read(binData, sizeof(binData));
    if (nb <= 0 ) {
      error("read binFile failed");
    }
    size_t nr = nb/sizeof(data_t);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
      printRecord(&csvFile, &binData[i]);
    }

    if ((millis() - tPct) > 1000) {
      uint8_t pct = binFile.curPosition()/(binFile.fileSize()/100);
      if (pct != lastPct) {
        tPct = millis();
        lastPct = pct;
        Serial.print(pct, DEC);
        Serial.println('%');
        csvFile.sync();
      }
    }
    if (Serial.available()) {
      break;
    }
  }
  csvFile.close();
  Serial.print(F("Done: "));
  Serial.print(0.001*(millis() - t0));
  Serial.println(F(" Seconds"));
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void clearSerialInput() {
  uint32_t m = micros();
  do {
    if (Serial.read() >= 0) {
      m = micros();
    }
  } while (micros() - m < 10000);
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void createBinFile() {
  binFile.close();
  while (sd.exists(binName)) {
    char* p = strchr(binName, '.');
    if (!p) {
      error("no dot in filename");
    }
    while (true) {
      p--;
      if (p < binName || *p < '0' || *p > '9') {
        error("Can't create file name");
      }
      if (p[0] != '9') {
        p[0]++;
        break;
      }
      p[0] = '0';
    }
  }
  if (!binFile.open(binName, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)) {
    error("open binName failed");
  }
  Serial.println(binName);
  if (!binFile.preAllocate(PREALLOCATE_SIZE)) {
    error("preAllocate failed");
  }

  Serial.print(F("preAllocated: "));
  Serial.print(PREALLOCATE_SIZE_MiB);
  Serial.println(F(" MiB"));
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool createCsvFile() {
  char csvName[FILE_NAME_DIM];
  if (!binFile.isOpen()) {
    Serial.println(F("No current binary file"));
    return false;
  }

  // Create a new csvFile.
  binFile.getName(csvName, sizeof(csvName));
  char* dot = strchr(csvName, '.');
  if (!dot) {
    error("no dot in filename");
  }
  strcpy(dot + 1, "csv");
  if (!csvFile.open(csvName, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC)) {
    error("open csvFile failed");
  }
  clearSerialInput();
  Serial.print(F("Writing: "));
  Serial.print(csvName);
  Serial.println(F(" - type any character to stop"));
  return true;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void logData() {
  int32_t delta;  // Jitter in log time.
  int32_t maxDelta = 0;
  uint32_t maxLogMicros = 0;
  uint32_t maxWriteMicros = 0;
  size_t maxFifoUse = 0;
  size_t fifoCount = 0;
  size_t fifoHead = 0;
  size_t fifoTail = 0;
  uint16_t overrun = 0;
  uint16_t maxOverrun = 0;
  uint32_t totalOverrun = 0;
  uint32_t fifoBuf[128*FIFO_SIZE_SECTORS];
  data_t* fifoData = (data_t*)fifoBuf;

  // Write dummy sector to start multi-block write.
  dbgAssert(sizeof(fifoBuf) >= 512);
  memset(fifoBuf, 0, sizeof(fifoBuf));
  if (binFile.write(fifoBuf, 512) != 512) {
    error("write first sector failed");
  }
  clearSerialInput();
  Serial.println(F("Type any character to stop"));

  // Wait until SD is not busy.
  while (sd.card()->isBusy()) {}

  // Start time for log file.
  uint32_t m = millis();

  // Time to log next record.
  uint32_t logTime = micros();
  while (true) {
    // Time for next data record.
    logTime += LOG_INTERVAL_USEC;

    // Wait until time to log data.
    delta = micros() - logTime;
    if (delta > 0) {
      Serial.print(F("delta: "));
      Serial.println(delta);
      error("Rate too fast");
    }
    while (delta < 0) {
      delta = micros() - logTime;
    }

    if (fifoCount < FIFO_DIM) {
      uint32_t m = micros();
      logRecord(fifoData + fifoHead, overrun);
      m = micros() - m;
      if (m > maxLogMicros) {
        maxLogMicros = m;
      }
      fifoHead = fifoHead < (FIFO_DIM - 1) ? fifoHead + 1 : 0;
      fifoCount++;
      if (overrun) {
        if (overrun > maxOverrun) {
          maxOverrun = overrun;
        }
        overrun = 0;
      }
    } else {
      totalOverrun++;
      overrun++;
      if (overrun > 0XFFF) {
        error("too many overruns");
      }
      if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
        digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, HIGH);
      }
    }
    // Save max jitter.
    if (delta > maxDelta) {
      maxDelta = delta;
    }
    // Write data if SD is not busy.
    if (!sd.card()->isBusy()) {
      size_t nw = fifoHead > fifoTail ? fifoCount : FIFO_DIM - fifoTail;
      // Limit write time by not writing more than 512 bytes.
      const size_t MAX_WRITE = 512/sizeof(data_t);
      if (nw > MAX_WRITE) nw = MAX_WRITE;
      size_t nb = nw*sizeof(data_t);
      uint32_t usec = micros();
      if (nb != binFile.write(fifoData + fifoTail, nb)) {
        error("write binFile failed");
      }
      usec = micros() - usec;
      if (usec > maxWriteMicros) {
        maxWriteMicros = usec;
      }
      fifoTail = (fifoTail + nw) < FIFO_DIM ? fifoTail + nw : 0;
      if (fifoCount > maxFifoUse) {
        maxFifoUse = fifoCount;
      }
      fifoCount -= nw;
      if (Serial.available()) {
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  Serial.print(F("\nLog time: "));
  Serial.print(0.001*(millis() - m));
  Serial.println(F(" Seconds"));
  binFile.truncate();
  binFile.sync();
  Serial.print(("File size: "));
  // Warning cast used for print since fileSize is uint64_t.
  Serial.print((uint32_t)binFile.fileSize());
  Serial.println(F(" bytes"));
  Serial.print(F("totalOverrun: "));
  Serial.println(totalOverrun);
  Serial.print(F("FIFO_DIM: "));
  Serial.println(FIFO_DIM);
  Serial.print(F("maxFifoUse: "));
  Serial.println(maxFifoUse);
  Serial.print(F("maxLogMicros: "));
  Serial.println(maxLogMicros);
  Serial.print(F("maxWriteMicros: "));
  Serial.println(maxWriteMicros);
  Serial.print(F("Log interval: "));
  Serial.print(LOG_INTERVAL_USEC);
  Serial.print(F(" micros\nmaxDelta: "));
  Serial.print(maxDelta);
  Serial.println(F(" micros"));
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void openBinFile() {
  char name[FILE_NAME_DIM];
  clearSerialInput();
  Serial.println(F("Enter file name"));
  if (!serialReadLine(name, sizeof(name))) {
    return;
  }
  if (!sd.exists(name)) {
    Serial.println(name);
    Serial.println(F("File does not exist"));
    return;
  }
  binFile.close();
  if (!binFile.open(name, O_RDONLY)) {
    Serial.println(name);
    Serial.println(F("open failed"));
    return;
  }
  Serial.println(F("File opened"));
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void printData() {
  if (!binFile.isOpen()) {
    Serial.println(F("No current binary file"));
    return;
  }
  // Skip first dummy sector.
  if (!binFile.seekSet(512)) {
    error("seek failed");
  }
  clearSerialInput();
  Serial.println(F("type any character to stop\n"));
  delay(1000);
  printRecord(&Serial, nullptr);
  while (binFile.available() && !Serial.available()) {
    data_t record;
    if (binFile.read(&record, sizeof(data_t)) != sizeof(data_t)) {
      error("read binFile failed");
    }
    printRecord(&Serial, &record);
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void printUnusedStack() {
#if HAS_UNUSED_STACK
  Serial.print(F("\nUnused stack: "));
  Serial.println(UnusedStack());
#endif  // HAS_UNUSED_STACK
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool serialReadLine(char* str, size_t size) {
  size_t n = 0;
  while(!Serial.available()) {
    yield();
  }
  while (true) {
    int c = Serial.read();
    if (c < ' ') break;
    str[n++] = c;
    if (n >= size) {
      Serial.println(F("input too long"));
      return false;
    }
    uint32_t m = millis();
    while (!Serial.available() && (millis() - m) < 100){}
    if (!Serial.available()) break;
  }
  str[n] = 0;
  return true;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void testSensor() {
  const uint32_t interval = 200000;
  int32_t diff;
  data_t data;
  clearSerialInput();
  Serial.println(F("\nTesting - type any character to stop\n"));
  delay(1000);
  printRecord(&Serial, nullptr);
  uint32_t m = micros();
  while (!Serial.available()) {
    m += interval;
    do {
      diff = m - micros();
    } while (diff > 0);
    logRecord(&data, 0);
    printRecord(&Serial, &data);
  }
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void setup() {
  if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
    pinMode(ERROR_LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, HIGH);
  }
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // Adafruit inline code
  if (!lsm6ds33.begin_I2C()) {
    Serial.println(F("Failed to find LSM6DS33 chip"));
    while (1) {
      delay(10);
    }
  }
  lsm6ds33.configInt1(false, false, true); // accelerometer DRDY on INT1
  lsm6ds33.configInt2(false, true, false); // gyro DRDY on INT2
  // Adafruit ends

  // Wait for USB Serial
  while (!Serial) {
    SysCall::yield();
  }
  delay(1000);
  Serial.println(F("Type any character to begin"));
  while (!Serial.available()) {
    yield();
  }
  FillStack();
#if !ENABLE_DEDICATED_SPI
  Serial.println(F(
    "\nFor best performance edit SdFatConfig.h\n"
    "and set ENABLE_DEDICATED_SPI nonzero"));
#endif  // !ENABLE_DEDICATED_SPI

  Serial.print(FIFO_DIM);
  Serial.println(F(" FIFO entries will be used."));

  // Initialize SD.
  if (!sd.begin(SD_CONFIG)) {
    sd.initErrorHalt(&Serial);
  }
#if USE_RTC
  if (!rtc.begin()) {
    error("rtc.begin failed");
  }
  if (!rtc.isrunning()) {
    // Set RTC to sketch compile date & time.
    // rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
    error("RTC is NOT running!");
  }
  // Set callback
  FsDateTime::setCallback(dateTime);
#endif  // USE_RTC
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void loop() {
  printUnusedStack();
  // Read any Serial data.
  clearSerialInput();

  if (ERROR_LED_PIN >= 0) {
    digitalWrite(ERROR_LED_PIN, LOW);
  }
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println(F("type: "));
  Serial.println(F("b - open existing bin file"));
  Serial.println(F("c - convert file to csv"));
  Serial.println(F("l - list files"));
  Serial.println(F("p - print data to Serial"));
  Serial.println(F("r - record data"));
  Serial.println(F("t - test without logging"));
  while(!Serial.available()) {
    SysCall::yield();
  }
  char c = tolower(Serial.read());
  Serial.println();

  if (c == 'b') {
    openBinFile();
  } else if (c == 'c') {
    if (createCsvFile()) {
      binaryToCsv();
    }
  } else if (c == 'l') {
    Serial.println(F("ls:"));
    sd.ls(&Serial, LS_DATE | LS_SIZE);
  } else if (c == 'p') {
    printData();
  } else if (c == 'r') {
    createBinFile();
    logData();
  } else if (c == 't') {
    testSensor();
  } else {
    Serial.println(F("Invalid entry"));
  }
}

modified ExFatLogger.h starts here

// Avoid IDE problems by defining struct in septate .h file.
// Pad record so size is a power of two for best write performance.
#ifndef ExFatLogger_h
#define ExFatLogger_h

//const size_t ADC_COUNT = 16; // 3 floats * 2 sensor * 4 bytes = 24 round to 32 bytes or 16 uint16_t

const size_t ADC_COUNT = 4;
struct data_t {
  uint16_t adc[ADC_COUNT];
};
#endif  // ExFatLogger_h


// union of 2 uint16_t and a float
// used to move between sensor data and ExFatLogger data
union i_a_o {
  float sensorData;
  uint16_t EFLdata[2];
  uint32_t ts;
} in_and_out;

Hello,

First mistake I can see is this:

data->adc[4] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
data->adc[5] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];
...
data->adc[10] = in_and_out.EFLdata[0];
data->adc[11] = in_and_out.EFLdata[1];
...
in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[4];
in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[5];
...
in_and_out.EFLdata[0] = data->adc[10];
in_and_out.EFLdata[1] = data->adc[11];

adc can hold only 4 elements so what you read after adc[3] is garbage, and what you write after, is memory corruption

const size_t ADC_COUNT = 4;
struct data_t {
  uint16_t adc[ADC_COUNT];
};

My bad. I had changed it from 16 back to 4 to test some other conditions. Too blind to see the simple mistakes.

sorry and thanks.

Another thing, I think you should read about unions because in your union you are mixing sensor data with a timestamp, like it was a struct, I believe it's a mistake

No mistake. It is deliberate. I don't want to modify ExFatLogger more than necessary nor any of its data structures. The logger std data storage unit is an unsigned int, 2 bytes. Sensor data is a float. 4 bytes.

I'll be fine also long as I don't switch between computer architectures with endianness differences. Reading data on one and processing it on another with a different endianness which is why I convert from the binary format that is logged to CSV format on the same machine.

Thanks again for pointing out the very stupid mistake I made while testing.

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