mdahlb:
I'm trying to read some values in a JSON format from a URL starting with https:
Arduino boards have neither enough RAM nor enough number crunching power to do HTTP over TLS encrypted connections.
Use a Raspberry Pi or other type of computer!
Arduino UNO has 2 KB (kilobypes of RAM) while RasPi has 256MB (megabytes) of RAM at least.
A RasPi can easily establish https connections with strong encryption, it has many thousands of times more RAM than an Arduino. Dealing with https encrypted connections is included in any UNIX/LINUX like operating systems by default, so watch out for a comuter like systems if you want to do https and not for weak microcontrollers. Also smartphones (Android, iPhone) can easily do https, as they are using powerful processors and huge amounts of RAM (compared against Arduino microcontrollers).