The problem is now, that after some time(every 15 - 20 minutes) - without changing the value of pin - a value is written in my queue. And it is always "1". So the value clearly stays the same, but the ISR is still called for some reason. Any Ideas what could cause that?
Use the blink without delay technique. Record when an interrupt happens. If this interrupt is too soon after the last interrupt, ignore it. That's far better then any kind of delay technique.