I upload my program to the board and it runs. But if the board loses power the program is gone next time I supply power. How can I keep the program on the Uno and be able to turn it off and on? Or do I need to keep power to the board so that it is always 'on'? If so how much current would the Uno typically draw if the program were in standby mode and not really doing anything?
Just to expand a bit in case you were not aware, the program is stored in flash memory, like in a USB flash drive, SD flash memory card, etc. -- no power required once it's stored. The datasheet says the data will be retained for 20 years at 85°C or for 100 years at 25°C.