Menu with submenu problem guidance

Projects General Guidance
1

Hello, my problem consists that i have to realize a program with the use of the LCD screen 16x02 lets me create a menu and select between 3 options to exectue different programs: control the led intensity with a potentiometer, control led intensity with buttons and read the voltage of the potentiometer. i have the code that makes the menu and the submenus of each program but i have a few errors: it doesnt let me go down in the beggining until i press the enter button, when i press the enter button it lets me control the first option but it doesnt let me go back to the main menu if i press the back button, here is my code until now.

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#define LED 3
#define potenciometro A0
#define botonArriba 4
#define botonAbajo 5
#define botonEnter 6
#define botonAtras 7

int ledBrillo;
int led2Brillo;
int estado;
int cambio;
float voltaje;
int botonSuma;
int botonResta;
boolean pressArriba=0;
boolean pressAbajo=0;
boolean pressEnter=0;
boolean pressBack=0;
boolean conf=0;

int menu=1;
LiquidCrystal lcd(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8);
void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  Serial.begin (9600);
  pinMode(botonArriba, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(botonAbajo,  INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(botonAtras,  INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(botonEnter, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(potenciometro, INPUT);
  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
  ledBrillo = 0;
  led2Brillo = 0;
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  actualizarMenu();
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  if(digitalRead(botonAbajo)==LOW)pressAbajo=1;
  if(digitalRead(botonArriba)==LOW)pressArriba=1;
  if(digitalRead(botonEnter)==LOW)pressEnter=1;
  if(digitalRead(botonAtras)==LOW)pressBack=1;

  if(digitalRead(botonEnter)==HIGH && pressEnter==1)
  {
    pressEnter=0;
    conf=!conf;
    if(conf)
    {
      ejecutarTarea();
        
    }
    else
    {
      lcd.clear();
      actualizarMenu();
    }
    
    
  }
  if(digitalRead(botonAbajo)==HIGH && pressAbajo==1)
  {
    pressAbajo=0;
    if(conf)
    {
      menu++;
      actualizarMenu();  
    }
    
    //delay(100);
    //while(!digitalRead(botonAbajo));
  }
  if(digitalRead(botonArriba)==HIGH && pressArriba==1)
  {
    pressArriba=0;
    if(conf)
    {
      menu--;
      actualizarMenu();  
    }
    
    //delay(100);
    //while(!digitalRead(botonArriba));
  }

  if(digitalRead(botonAtras)==HIGH && pressBack==1)
  {
    pressBack=0;
    if(conf)
    {
     actualizarMenu(); 
    }
    //delay(100);
    //while(!digitalRead(botonAtras));
  }
}

void actualizarMenu()
{
  switch(menu)
  {
    case 0:
      menu = 1;
      break;
    case 1: 
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(">LED A");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(" LED B");
      break;
    case 2:
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(" LED A");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(">LED B");
      break;
    case 3:
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(" LED B");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(">VOLT");
      break;
    case 4:
      menu = 3;
      break;
  }
}

void ejecutarTarea()
{
  while(botonAtras!=HIGH && pressBack!=1)
  {
    switch(menu)
  {
    case 1:
      ledA();
      break;
     case 2:
      ledB();
      break;
     case 3:
      volt();
      break;
  }
  }
} 

void ledA()
{
  if(botonAtras==HIGH&&pressBack==1)
  {
   actualizarMenu(); 
  }
  else
  {
    lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(">Brillo pot: ");
  led2Brillo = analogRead(potenciometro)/ 4;
  analogWrite(LED,led2Brillo);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(led2Brillo);
  delay(100);  
  }
  
}

void ledB()
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Brillo: ");
  if(ledBrillo>0)
  {
    ledBrillo-=5;
    analogWrite(LED, ledBrillo);
  }
  else if(ledBrillo<255)
  {
    ledBrillo+=5;
    analogWrite(LED, ledBrillo);
  }
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(ledBrillo);
  delay(100);
}

void volt()
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("Voltaje: ");
  led2Brillo = analogRead(potenciometro);
  voltaje = led2Brillo * (5.0 / 1023.0); // mide voltaje de 0 a 5.}
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print(voltaje);
  delay(100);
}
2

you are not handling bouncing of your buttons

I would recommend to use a button library such as Button in easyRun from @bricoleau or OneButton or Toggle from @dlloyd.

3

How do i correctly implement this examples with multiple buttons?

4

Read about State machine

5

i have implemented a new code which controls the menu well and when i press the enter it executes the action correctly but if i press the back button it doesnt return to the submenu, heres my code now:

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>


#define LED 3
#define potenciometro A0

#define botonArriba 4
int botonArribaState;
unsigned long botonArribaDown;

#define botonAbajo 5
int botonAbajoState;
unsigned long botonAbajoDown;

#define botonEnter 6
int botonEnterState;
unsigned long botonEnterDown;

#define botonAtras 7
int botonAtrasState;
unsigned long botonAtrasDown;

int ledBrillo;
int led2Brillo;
int estado;
int cambio;
float voltaje;
int botonSuma;
int botonResta;
int mod=0;
int menu=1;
boolean menuChange=false;
boolean subMenuChange=false;
LiquidCrystal lcd(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8);
void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  Serial.begin (9600);
  pinMode(botonArriba, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(botonAbajo,  INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(botonAtras,  INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(botonEnter, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(potenciometro, INPUT);
  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
  ledBrillo = 0;
  led2Brillo = 0;
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  Menu();
}

void loop() {
  botonAbajoF();
  botonArribaF();
  botonEnterF();
  botonAtrasF();
  if(menuChange)
  {
    menuChange=false;
    Menu();
  }

if(subMenuChange)
  {
    subMenuChange=false;
    subMenu();
  }
}

void botonAbajoF()
{
    ////////////boton abajo/////////////////////
  botonAbajoState = digitalRead(botonAbajo);
  if(botonAbajoState == LOW){
    Serial.println("Boton Abajo presionado");
    //botonAbajoDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    while(digitalRead(botonAbajo)==LOW) {
      Serial.println("boton aun presionado, esperando...");
       //wait until the button is released
    }
    Serial.println("Boton abajo soltado");
    menu++;// increment the page to display
    if (menu>3) menu=1;
    menuChange=true;
    botonAbajoDown=millis();
  }
}

void botonArribaF()
{
  /////////////////boton arriba/////////////////////////////
  botonArribaState = digitalRead(botonArriba);
  if(botonArribaState == LOW){
    //botonArribaDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    while(digitalRead(botonArriba)==LOW) {
      Serial.println("boton aun presionado, esperando...");
    }
    Serial.println("Boton arriba soltado");
     //wait until the button is released
      menu--; // increment the page to display
      if (menu<0) menu=3;
      menuChange=true;
      botonArribaDown=millis();
  }
}

void botonEnterF()
{
  //////////////////boton enter//////////////////////////////
  botonEnterState = digitalRead(botonEnter);
  if(botonEnterState == LOW){
    Serial.println("Boton enter presionado");
    //botonEnterDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    while(digitalRead(botonEnter)==LOW) {
      Serial.println("boton enter aun presionado esperando...");
       //wait until the button is released
    }
    Serial.println("Boton enter soltado");
    menuChange=false;
    subMenuChange=true;
    botonEnterDown=millis();
  }
}

void botonAtrasF()
{
  //////////boton back///////////////////////
botonAtrasState = digitalRead(botonAtras);
  if(botonAtrasState == LOW){
    //botonAtrasDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    Serial.println("Boton atras presionado");
    while(digitalRead(botonAtras)==LOW) {
       //wait until the button is released
       Serial.println("Boton aun presionado, esperando...");
    }
    Serial.println("Boton soltado");
    menuChange=true;
    subMenuChange=false;
    botonAtrasDown=millis();
  }
}

void Menu()
{
  switch(menu)
  {
    case 1: 
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(">LED A");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(" LED B");
      break;
    case 2:
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(" LED A");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(">LED B");
      break;
    case 3:
      lcd.clear();
      lcd.print(" LED B");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(">VOLT");
      break;
  }
}

void subMenu()
{
    switch(menu)
  {
    case 1:
      ledA();
      break;
     case 2:
      ledB();
      break;
     case 3:
      volt();
      break;
  }
} 

void ledA()
{
  while(botonEnterState==LOW)
  {
   lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(">Brillo pot: ");
  led2Brillo = analogRead(potenciometro)/ 4;
  analogWrite(LED,led2Brillo);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(led2Brillo);
  //botonAtrasF();
  if(botonAtrasState==HIGH)
  {
    menuChange=true;
  }
  }  
}

void ledB()
{
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Brillo: ");
  if(ledBrillo>0)
  {
    ledBrillo-=5;
    analogWrite(LED, ledBrillo);
  }
  else if(ledBrillo<255)
  {
    ledBrillo+=5;
    analogWrite(LED, ledBrillo);
  }
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(ledBrillo);
  delay(100);
}

void volt()
{
  while(botonEnterState==LOW)
  {
   lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("Voltaje: ");
  led2Brillo = analogRead(potenciometro);
  voltaje = led2Brillo * (5.0 / 1023.0); // mide voltaje de 0 a 5.}
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print(voltaje);   
  botonAtrasF(); 
  }
}
6

how do you handle bouncing?

7

with each button function i have conditions for the debouncing and depending of the button it executes a different action if the button up or down is pressed it moves the main menu if i press the enter depending of the option im selecting it goes to the submenu with the option selected and it executes the actions but if i press the back button it doesnt return to the main menu

8

Where are they?

9 
void botonAbajoF()
{
    ////////////boton abajo/////////////////////
  botonAbajoState = digitalRead(botonAbajo);
  if(botonAbajoState == LOW){
    Serial.println("Boton Abajo presionado");
    //botonAbajoDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    while(digitalRead(botonAbajo)==LOW) {
      Serial.println("boton aun presionado, esperando...");
       //wait until the button is released
    }
    Serial.println("Boton abajo soltado");
    menu++;// increment the page to display
    if (menu>3) menu=1;
    menuChange=true;
    botonAbajoDown=millis();
  }
}

void botonArribaF()
{
  /////////////////boton arriba/////////////////////////////
  botonArribaState = digitalRead(botonArriba);
  if(botonArribaState == LOW){
    //botonArribaDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    while(digitalRead(botonArriba)==LOW) {
      Serial.println("boton aun presionado, esperando...");
    }
    Serial.println("Boton arriba soltado");
     //wait until the button is released
      menu--; // increment the page to display
      if (menu<0) menu=3;
      menuChange=true;
      botonArribaDown=millis();
  }
}

void botonEnterF()
{
  //////////////////boton enter//////////////////////////////
  botonEnterState = digitalRead(botonEnter);
  if(botonEnterState == LOW){
    Serial.println("Boton enter presionado");
    //botonEnterDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    while(digitalRead(botonEnter)==LOW) {
      Serial.println("boton enter aun presionado esperando...");
       //wait until the button is released
    }
    Serial.println("Boton enter soltado");
    menuChange=false;
    subMenuChange=true;
    botonEnterDown=millis();
  }
}

void botonAtrasF()
{
  //////////boton back///////////////////////
botonAtrasState = digitalRead(botonAtras);
  if(botonAtrasState == LOW){
    //botonAtrasDown = millis(); //record the time the button went down
    Serial.println("Boton atras presionado");
    while(digitalRead(botonAtras)==LOW) {
       //wait until the button is released
       Serial.println("Boton aun presionado, esperando...");
    }
    Serial.println("Boton soltado");
    menuChange=true;
    subMenuChange=false;
    botonAtrasDown=millis();
  }
}

these are the functions for my buttons "botonArribaF" and "botonAbajoF" lets me iterate through the menu and botonEnterF lets me enter the submenu Function the problem is that if i have a while inside the programs so that it lets me run them appropiately if i try to press the "botonAbajo" it doesnt return to the main menu

10

and if i remove those whiles it lets me return to the main menu but it doesnt run the code that is supposed to

11

Read about bouncing.