For an educational project, i need a way to supply arduino in different ways. Students will connect usb, or/and supply the board with 4 NICD-accumulators (4.8V) or simple "one-way" batteries (4x1.5 = 6 V).
Switches are no solution, they will switch them incorrect
Please explain in more detail what your problem is.
To prevent multiple switches being on at the same time, consider a 3-position switch so one can only use one position at a time; a 3-deck 3-position rotary switch comes to mind.
Going to 5V?
Check the specs of the Arduino board that you're using. You can not feed that into the 5V pin.
Shifting battery power from 4.8 (accu) or 6 (battery) up to 8V with a little up-switching regulator. Then to Vin on Arduino Uno.
The FET on Arduino will prevent damage, it switches between USB and output of the on-board regulator 7805.
thanks a lot for the very infomative answer.
i've done it the same way : a switching up-regulator on vin at 7 volt, and everything works fine. the poti on regulator is no problem, i will mount the regulator on backside of the boards.