is it possible to make an MCU or EEPROM programming tool without relying on the Arduino Processor or software, such as the UUPROG (UPA USB) or IPROG tool, so everything is set by the software, such as the use of pins, low or high, so it does not involve the processor completely, and can be modified to make readings on other MCU types without having to change or update the Arduino software, is that a protocol? What is the name of the protocol?
I hope my question is easy to understand, thank you.
are you asking if there are other ways to progam an Arduino? I believe you can use an in-circuit programmer, avoiding the use of programming the chip via USB and the built-in programmer
i'm sure you can use an Arduino any processor as a programmer of other devices. A .hex file is a common format for the data being programmed, it is was the Arduino uses
what do you mean by "the software" and "Arduino software"?
there is no one standard sequence for programming all devices.