Sabertooth 2x25 Powering Arduino

I have the following setup, which works perfectly when the Arduino is connected to USB:

As I understand it, when the arduino is unplugged, the motor controller should provide 5V to the Vin on the Arduino. When I unplug it, everything just turns off (even the status light on the motor controller)

Motor driver needs a decent amount of current to operate, small 9V batteries cannot begin to think about
powering motors, you need a proper power supply or battery. What motor are you intending to drive?
The sabertooth can handle 50A, 9V batteries can comfortably supply perhaps 50mA, a thousand times less current.

[ The 5V BEC on the sabertooth is rated at 1A, dont expect it to even start up without a supply capable of that. ]

I'm just powering a tiny test motor (runs fine on a single AA battery).

I plan to use the Sabertooth to power two 24V motors. I'm not sure about any amperage ratings, but they're about 3" in diameter.

"5V is a regulated 5V supply provided by the driver. Drawing more than 10ma can reduce performance of the driver" -- from the first page of the Sabertooth quick start guide.

The Arduino needs much more than 10ma.

Chagrin:
"5V is a regulated 5V supply provided by the driver. Drawing more than 10ma can reduce performance of the driver" -- from the first page of the Sabertooth quick start guide.

The Arduino needs much more than 10ma.

I'm looking at my specs now... it says "Drawing more than 1A can reduce performance of the driver"

Kryo:

Chagrin:
"5V is a regulated 5V supply provided by the driver. Drawing more than 10ma can reduce performance of the driver" -- from the first page of the Sabertooth quick start guide.

The Arduino needs much more than 10ma.

I'm looking at my specs now... it says "Drawing more than 1A can reduce performance of the driver"

It looks like that change came with V2 of the driver. The original version is 10ma (battery <=12.6V) or 100ma (battery > 12.6V). If you have V2 of the driver then I guess you can ignore that issue.