The on/off switch and the momentary switches can simply be connected between an ordinary Pro Micro input pin and ground.
The rotary encoders may be better connected to special pins called external interrupt pins. Ideally each encoder would be connected to 2 external interrupt pins, but Pro Micro does not have enough for that, so I think it will have to be 1 external interrupt pin and one ordinary input pin for each encoder.
To use button, switches and rotary with Arduino, you could have a look at this project I made years ago, to create a Boeing 737 light switches panel for Flight Simulator X, where I had to make a lof of them, connected to just a single Arduino Nano.
Inside this Instructable you can find some diagrams about how connect various kind of switches to Arduino, I think they could be useful to let you do the same on your project as it looks like you have almost the same kind of switches and rotary ones (except for that 5x3 holes array I see on your photo, I don't know if it's intended for buttons or lights or whatever)
To make such thing you need, you need quite some experience. It isn't super difficult, but it will be challenging. I would recommend to start like almost everybody else, and buy you an Arduino kit and experiment with it.
Rotary encoders have 3 pins, usually called A and B and the third pin is a common pin. Sometimes they are called Clock and Data instead of A and B, but they are the same.
You would connect A and B to separate Arduino input pins and connect the common pin to ground. Ideally, the Arduino pins connected to A and B would be external interrupt pins, but if there are not enough of those, maybe just connect A to an external interrupt pin and B to an ordinary input pin.
Many encoders also have a built-in button and this type will have 2 extra pins. Treat these the same as any other button: one pin to an ordinary Arduino input pin, the other to ground.
Maybe start with 1 button alone which includes debouncing the switch, a lesson in itself, and then 1 rotary switch alone just to learn the most basic parts including the code. Go from those as a next step to each and consider that making many work together is a bigger lesson.
What you do now is stuffing the whole lesson sandwich in your mouth at once.
Normally you do the electronics first as prototypes and if you can't find a commercial enclosure, design a bespoke one last. You like to do it the other way round.
"Ignition switch" could be a worry. Not some rocket booster or self-driving car?
Seriously, you need to do some prototyping and possibly a lot of it and worry about the box afterwards.