I wouldn't be so concerned with the sort (mylar, polyprop., ceramic, etc) as much as the rating - over-rate it.
Which sort would depend most on environmental factors.
It's not impossible, but I'd be surprised if your SSR didn't have this incorporated already.
One more question: If I would use a 0,1uf capacitor and a 100ohm resistor, would it work with a small 0,25W resistor or should I get a bigger one?
The motor is 230V/0.02A.