Answer #1:
I found this:
[Arduino Team] Apr. 2023]
Hello!
For further clarification on this topic:
Inputs can be continuously operated at 24V without any issue as digital inputs. The only issue is that the VIH is set at around 5V so any voltage higher than that will be seen as high. On the other hand, when using analog any voltage over 10V would saturate.
Datasheets will be updated soon. Sorry for the confusion.
Source: Dig/An input range? - #4 by iiLaw
Also, I tested when the digital Inputs of the OPTA change state:
The digital Inputs of the OPTA need at least ~6V to turn HIGH! Tested with an adjustable Stepdown an this code...
const int echoPin = A7;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
Serial.println(digitalRead(echoPin));
delay(200);
}
So I guess the work around might be to read analoge voltage on the input...not sure if this is possible at the required times used to measure the velocity of sound...