I currently have both an Arduino Uno rev3, and rev4, however all of a sudden neither board gets recognized by windows. I have tried reïnstalling Arduino IDE, I have used multiple cables that have worked in the past and I've connected them to multiple systems. As of right now, none of these possible fixes have even made it appear in device manager.
Watch your Device Manager as you remove and insert the Arduino on USB cable... look under PORTS (COM & LPT). You say your cables have worked in the past, but you must (again) verify they are working data cables. I would find a printer with a USB A connector and listen for the system chime when you plug the printer/cable into the computer. Label your data cables "DATA" and assume unmarked USB cables are power-only (or test and label them).
I have examined device manager, while I replugged my cable, however no cigar. Further I have just plugged my phone in and have succesfully transfered a picture onto my computer to validate that the cabel functions. I furthermore would like to adres that the Arduino does succesfully run it's previously uploaded code, and I can reset the thing.
Sorry... I just re-read this... seems computer related. Reboot?
I work with a piece of equipment that needs a special driver... every week or so the equipment "stops working." The reason (after weeks of hating the equipment) is because Windows does a update and deletes all my drivers. Try re-loading your boards (IDE boards manager - remove/install), as I would consider those the drivers that talk to the hardware (UnoR3/UnoR4)..
I think your Windows Update clobbered the installed driver used to communicate with your Uno. Do you know if your Arduino is official or unofficial? If official, contact Arduino. If unofficial, look for the communication chip on the Arduino. You should see one near the USB port labeled FTDI or CH340.