12v Relay Module not being powered

Im creating a project where im powering a 12v relay and 12v solenoid with a 12v dc adaptor, then connecting these two to an arduino which is then connected to a 5v gas sensor. This is the circuit diagram I'm using:


the only difference I'm doing from this diagram is I'm using a 12v dc power source. why is my relay not turning on. when I power the solenoid from the adaptor it turns on, and then I plug in the arduino into the USB, the relay, sensor, and ardiuno light up. so everything is powered but the sensor isn't shutting of the valve. But I assume this is because they arent being power from the same source.
Tl;dr why won't my 12v dc relay module turn on when u supply it with a external 12v dc power adaptor.
Im really a beginner at this stuff so can anyone help?

If you disconnect the wire from D7 and connect it to 5V does the relay trigger?

Your 12V relay may need 12V for power and not 5V.
Can you show a picture of the relay module you have or a link to the place where you purchased it.

Its connected to both d7 and v5
this is the relay i have:

So it does not work because that relay needs 12V connected to Vcc but DON'T do that yet.
Is it a low level or high level trigger?

high level.

Then connect Vcc to +12V
Connect GND to -12V AND to the Arduino GND
Connect sig to D7

sorry im really a beginner at this; my 12v dc adaptor has black and white cables coming out of them so im asuming the black one is negative and the white is postive. I then connect the white cable to the vcc on the other side of the relays screws. Then i connect the gnd of the relay to the black cable and the arduino gnd. and finally i connect the arduino's sig to the d7 pin on the arduino.
is all this correct. Im just really new to this.

You need to know the correct polarity. Do you have a multimeter to check the voltage?

no unfortunately not, is there any other way i can check?

Do you have any LEDs?

yes. however i saw a video where i could check the wires through salt water, and the one that has a reaction is the postive whereas the other is negative.

That sound a little crazy.
If you have an LED and a 3.3K ohm resistor, you can check it with that.

i didnt have a 3.3k ohm resistor so i tried the water thing and suprisigly it worked. the black cable made a large reaction while the white did nothing. this means that my black cable is the positive and the white is negative. should i proceed with these instructions?

I don't trust that test but whether to proceed is up to you.
If you are wrong, you will destroy the relay and Arduio.

Connect as I explained in post #6

Then connect Vcc to +12V
Connect GND to -12V AND to the Arduino GND
Connect sig to D7

Or the other way around?

How you know?
Perhaps written on the bottom part of the module pcb?

i did what you said. my relay is now turning on but the arduino is not lighting up. i connected it to the gnd and the sig d7. why isn't it turning on?

Because as I said you may have just burned out your Arduino.
You should have tested with the LED

yes youre right the black one is the negative

it didnt burn out; i just tried it with the 5v usb and it works fine; wheres my problem