Arduino Nano serial display coding help

Hi there,

I am having some issue for difficulties to see something in my display https://docs.arduino.cc/learn/electronics/lcd-displays/ connected with Arduino nano, https://docs.arduino.cc/hardware/nano/ .In this project I am using virtual environment like Proetus Professional 8 and Arduino IDE 2.x version.

Here is my code

int acval=0;
void setup() 
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println(" Let's begin the sampling !");
}
void loop()
{
acval=analogRead(A0);
Serial.print("acval ");
Serial.print(acval);
Serial.println("");
delay(100);
}
int acval = 0;
int relay1 = 3;
int relay2 = 4;
int relay3 = 5;
int relay4 = 6;
int relay5 = 7;
void setup()
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
 Serial.println("meaw");
 pinMode(relay1, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay4, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay5, OUTPUT);
 digitalWrite(relay1, 1);

digitalWrite(relay2, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay3, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay4, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay5, 1);
 
}
void loop() {
 acval = analogRead(A0);
 Serial.print("AC analog VALUE ");
 Serial.print(acval);
 Serial.println("");
 delay(100);
 
 if ( acval <= 263)
 {
 Serial.println("Voltage is less than 130V ");
 digitalWrite(relay1, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay2, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay3, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay4, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay5, 1);
 }

Let me know why my display is not showing anything ? Is it for not defining PIN like as follows ?

// with the arduino pin number it is connected to
const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);

void setup() {
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("hello, world!");
}

And suggest me the proper schematic also.

int acval=0;
void setup() 
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println(" Let's begin the sampling !");
}
void loop()
{
acval=analogRead(A0);
Serial.print("acval ");
Serial.print(acval);
Serial.println("");
delay(100);
}
int acval = 0;
int relay1 = 3;
int relay2 = 4;
int relay3 = 5;
int relay4 = 6;
int relay5 = 7;
void setup()
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
 Serial.println("meaw");
 pinMode(relay1, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay4, OUTPUT);
 pinMode(relay5, OUTPUT);
 digitalWrite(relay1, 1);

digitalWrite(relay2, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay3, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay4, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay5, 1);
 
}
void loop() {
 acval = analogRead(A0);
 Serial.print("AC analog VALUE ");
 Serial.print(acval);
 Serial.println("");
 delay(100);
 
 if ( acval <= 263)
 {
 Serial.println("Voltage is less than 130V ");
 digitalWrite(relay1, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay2, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay3, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay4, 1);
 digitalWrite(relay5, 1);
 }

This is a mess. You have most of the same code posted twice and multiple calls for things like

It won't even compile so please straighten out your code, then use CTRL+T to format it, then repost.

1 Like

As pointed out, you have an attempt to have two setup() functions and to have to loop() functions.

That is not going to work.

Please describe the issues / difficulties. To clarify things you can post error messages (just in case don't forget to use code tags; see https://forum.arduino.cc/t/how-to-get-the-best-out-of-this-forum/679966#use-code-tags).

1 Like

@hallowed31 thank you to see the errors. I will run it again in IDE.

Oh, there was more...not in your original code. What are you trying to do? This:

  acval = analogRead(A0);
  Serial.print("AC analog VALUE ");
  Serial.print(acval);
  Serial.println("");
  delay(100);

  if (acval <= 263) {
    Serial.println("Voltage is less than 130V ");

suggests to me that you are trying to use a Nano to read in an AC voltage? Um... I'm no engineer but maybe the gurus on this forum would care to weigh in on that.

// with the arduino pin number it is connected to
const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);

void setup() {
  // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  // Print a message to the LCD.
  lcd.print("hello, world!");
}

What kind of LCD do you have? It's never used in the first mess of code you posted at any rate.

Besides, you are trying to use the same pins twice if you mash those two codes together. In the first, you have relays on pins 3-7, then in the second, you have LCD pins assigned to the same Arduino pins. Which is it?

Here's a version of your first code that will compile at least:

int acval = 0;
int relay1 = 3;
int relay2 = 4;
int relay3 = 5;
int relay4 = 6;
int relay5 = 7;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("meaw");
  pinMode(relay1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(relay4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(relay5, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(relay1, 1);
  digitalWrite(relay2, 1);
  digitalWrite(relay3, 1);
  digitalWrite(relay4, 1);
  digitalWrite(relay5, 1);
}
void loop() {
  acval = analogRead(A0);
  Serial.print("AC analog VALUE ");
  Serial.print(acval);
  Serial.println("");
  delay(100);

  if (acval <= 263) {
    Serial.println("Voltage is less than 130V ");
    digitalWrite(relay1, 1);
    digitalWrite(relay2, 1);
    digitalWrite(relay3, 1);
    digitalWrite(relay4, 1);
    digitalWrite(relay5, 1);
  }
}
1 Like

Oh, there was more...not in your original code. What are you trying to do? This:

Yes, I am trying to fed AC signal from my rectifier to A0 pin of Arduino nano. These are my raw data.

suggests to me that you are trying to use a Nano to read in an AC voltage? Um... I'm no engineer but maybe the gurus on this forum would care to weigh in on that.

You are right. Should I add my Proetus file also here ?

Besides, you are trying to use the same pins twice if you mash those two codes together. In the first, you have relays on pins 3-7, then in the second, you have LCD pins assigned to the same Arduino pins. Which is it?

Relay1 to Relay 4, I used D3 to D6 of nano. Now take a look the full code, I am able to run successfully and can generate .hex file also. But not sure why the display is malfunctioning.

 #include <LiquidCrystal.h> // LCD library

// include the library code end
int acval = 0; 

int relay1 = 3; 

int relay2 = 4; 

int relay3 = 5; 

int relay4 = 6; 

//int relay5 = 7; 

 // with the arduino pin number it is connected to

const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 10, d5 = 9, d6 = 8, d7 = 7;

LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);

void setup()

{ 

  Serial.begin(9600); 

  Serial.println("meaw"); 

  pinMode(relay1, OUTPUT); 

  pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT); 

  pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT); 

  pinMode(relay4, OUTPUT); 

  //pinMode(relay5, OUTPUT); 

  digitalWrite(relay1, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); 

  lcd.begin(16, 2);// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: // (note: line 1 is the second row, since counting begins with 0):

  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);// set the cursor to column 0, line 1

  lcd.print("BOOTING...");//lcd print

  delay(100);//delay




} 

void loop() { 

 

  acval = analogRead(A0); 

  Serial.print("AC analog VALUE "); 

  Serial.print(acval); 

  Serial.println(""); 

  delay(100); 

   

  if ( acval <= 263) 

  { 

  Serial.println("Voltage is less than 130V "); 

  digitalWrite(relay1, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 263 && acval <= 283) 

  { 

  Serial.println("Voltage is  around 130V "); 

  digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //             tapper 2 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //             tapper 4 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //             tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 293 && acval <= 306) 

  { 

  Serial.println("Voltage is  around 140V "); 

  digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //             tapper 4 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //             tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 313 && acval <= 335) 

  { 

  Serial.println("Voltage is  around 150V "); 

  digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //             tapper 4 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //             tapper 5 

     

  } 

  else if (acval >= 342 && acval <= 363) 

  { 

  Serial.println("Voltage is around 160V "); 

  digitalWrite(relay1,1); //            tapper 1 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //           tapper 2 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4 tapper3 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //           tapper 4 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //           tapper 5 

     

  } 

  else if (acval >= 369 && acval <= 394) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 170V "); 




    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); // 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); // 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); // 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); // 

    

  } 

  else if (acval >= 392 && acval <= 413) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 180V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); // 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); // 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 0); //180 >>204.4  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); // 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); // 

    

  } 

 else if (acval >= 419 && acval <= 434) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 190V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 0); //190 >>216.1  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //            tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //            tapper 5 

     

  } 

 else if (acval >= 451 && acval <= 474) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is around 200V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //           tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 0); //  200>>218.5              tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //  tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //  tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 472 && acval <= 506) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 210V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 0); //    210>>219.5        tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //                      tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //                       tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //                       tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //                       tapper 5 

 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 483 && acval <= 512) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is around 215V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //           tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //           tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //            tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 0); //215>>215.5       tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //            tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 488 && acval <= 525) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 220V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //            tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 0); //220>>220.1        tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //            tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 500 && acval <= 535) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 222V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //            tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //            tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 0); // 222>220.2   tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 507 && acval <= 542) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 225V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //           tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //           tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //           tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 0); //            tapper 5 

  } 

  else if (acval >= 511 && acval <= 536) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  around 228V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //            tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 0); // 228>>217.6  tapper 5 

  } 

 else if (acval >= 537 && acval <= 552) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is around 230V "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1




    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //            tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //            tapper 4 

   // digitalWrite(relay5, 0); //230>>219.3  tapper 5 

  } 

  else if (acval >= 580) 

  { 

    Serial.println("Voltage is  more than 230V  .Warning!! "); 

    digitalWrite(relay1, 1); //            tapper 1 

    digitalWrite(relay2, 1); //            tapper 2 

    digitalWrite(relay3, 1); //170 >>192.4  tapper3 

    digitalWrite(relay4, 1); //            tapper 4 

    //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); //            tapper 5

    } 

}

Not sure where it has problem, here is my LCD LCD 16×2 (LM016L) « Innovation of Engineers . Perhaps my schematic also has some drawback, LCD turned ON but…..

The errors are all gone now, may be electrically I am doing wrong. In Proteous simulation some node in the circuit becomes RED, but some are blue meaning that these are working.

Not sure what your circuit/Proteus problem is. The circuit (as I interpret your connections in the code, anyway) works fine in Wokwi, the LCD shows "BOOTING..." and nothing more as you never write to it again; LEDs/Relays come on in the ranges specified, where you've bothered to put in a '0', anyway.
Your code, pretty much as you presented it:

What were you expecting?

1 Like

@camsysca thank you very much. I do appreciate your work here. Good to see that at least the LCD is working. I think the problem was the Variac that I am using in Proteus, in LTspice you can generate it easily but, only tap changing transformer can be converted here. I configured its secondary windings by, coupling factor K=1, and using Vs/Vp, Ls/Lp ratio. There are 5 tap settings Tap 1,2,3,4 and 5 in random tap settings which are- 210,200,190,215,230Volt respectively. The input voltage to the tapping transformer is set to 180v to 230 V and the output is 220V each time. The load current is 2A. At this condition, the taps settings will be ON for the respective taps having the voltages similar to the input voltages (Tap 1 in at ON when the voltage is 210 V and others remain OFF).

You can modify the code for low cut and high cut voltage ranges. Kindly apply it to your Wokwi. I am at office now, I will be posting my Proteus file soon.

Summary

This text will be hidden

No time. Wokwi is free, if you want to take it further you're able to. I simply wanted to demonstrate the functionality, for your benefit.

Thank you once again. Do you think its possible to simulated my circuit to Wokwi ?

No idea, I haven't ever looked at that potential in Wokwi. For me, the ability to provide an analog value with a pot slider has been sufficient to test what I wanted to demonstrate. Sorry.

1 Like

Even you have no idea, I am thankful to you. I forgot that Porteous has a serial monitor in its library option. Since Tx, Rx pins in my Nano is open, I can try to see it for sure.

Hi @sterretje @camsysca @hallowed31 I am having some other issues in this project,

Take a look this portion of code, I need to sense my AC signal coming from diode rectifier, in Porteous simulation I can measure this reference voltage as 3.50V, may be ADC conversion is necessary here,

void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
// read the input on analog pin 0:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// Convert the analog reading (which goes from 0 - 1023) to a voltage (0 - 5V):
float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);
// print out the value you read:
Serial.println(voltage);
}

Besides, tab changer transformer, I have relay sensing problem that only happens from input side, kindly correct me what I am doing wrong. The display problem is solved. The loop stops here,

if ( acval <= 263) 

  { 

  Serial.println("Voltage is less than 130V ");

  lcd.print("  RELAYS  ON ");//lcd print 

  digitalWrite(relay1, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay2, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay3, 1); 

  digitalWrite(relay4, 1); 

  //digitalWrite(relay5, 1); 

  } 

After you solve the input "0vdc to 5vdc" voltage issue, try this to energize your relays. I used a simple potentiometer to simulate your voltage input... The output is all sent to Serial Monitor and the LCD is not programmed-in, but can be an LCD library.

// https://forum.arduino.cc/t/arduino-nano-serial-display-coding-help/1410954

int acval = 0, acvalold, actarget = 263;
int relayPin[] = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7};

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println("meaw");
  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    pinMode(relayPin[i], OUTPUT);
    digitalWrite(relayPin[i], HIGH);
    delay(100);
  }
}

void loop() {
  acval = analogRead(A0); // read the value
  if (acval != acvalold) { // only update if acval updates
    acvalold = acval; // store old value
    Serial.print("ACval ");
    Serial.print(acval);
    if (acval < actarget) {
      Serial.print(" is less than ");
      Serial.print(actarget);
      Serial.println("V. Relays ON.");
      for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        digitalWrite(relayPin[i], HIGH); // relays ON
      }
    } else {
      Serial.println(". Relays OFF.");
      for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        digitalWrite(relayPin[i], LOW); // relays OFF
      }
    }
  }
}
diagram.json for the Wokwi nerds
{
  "version": 1,
  "author": "foreignpigdog x",
  "editor": "wokwi",
  "parts": [
    {
      "type": "wokwi-arduino-nano",
      "id": "nano",
      "top": -127.6,
      "left": -94.7,
      "rotate": 270,
      "attrs": {}
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-lcd2004",
      "id": "lcd1",
      "top": -185.6,
      "left": 53.6,
      "attrs": { "pins": "i2c" }
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-relay-module",
      "id": "relay1",
      "top": 63.8,
      "left": 12.4,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": {}
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-relay-module",
      "id": "relay2",
      "top": 63.8,
      "left": 79.6,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": {}
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-relay-module",
      "id": "relay3",
      "top": 63.8,
      "left": 146.8,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": {}
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-relay-module",
      "id": "relay4",
      "top": 63.8,
      "left": 214,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": {}
    },
    {
      "type": "wokwi-relay-module",
      "id": "relay5",
      "top": 63.8,
      "left": 281.2,
      "rotate": 90,
      "attrs": {}
    },
    { "type": "wokwi-vcc", "id": "vcc1", "top": -220.04, "left": 19.2, "attrs": {} },
    { "type": "wokwi-gnd", "id": "gnd1", "top": 115.2, "left": -67.8, "attrs": {} },
    { "type": "wokwi-potentiometer", "id": "pot1", "top": 27.5, "left": -48.2, "attrs": {} }
  ],
  "connections": [
    [ "nano:GND.1", "lcd1:GND", "black", [ "h0" ] ],
    [ "lcd1:SDA", "nano:A4", "green", [ "h-9.6", "v38.6" ] ],
    [ "lcd1:SCL", "nano:A5", "green", [ "h-19.2", "v19.5" ] ],
    [ "nano:3", "relay1:IN", "green", [ "h-9.6", "v115.2", "h105.6" ] ],
    [ "nano:4", "relay2:IN", "green", [ "h-19.2", "v105.6", "h172.8" ] ],
    [ "nano:5", "relay3:IN", "green", [ "h-28.8", "v96", "h249.6" ] ],
    [ "nano:6", "relay4:IN", "green", [ "h-38.4", "v86.4", "h326.4" ] ],
    [ "nano:7", "relay5:IN", "green", [ "h-48", "v76.8", "h364.8" ] ],
    [ "relay1:GND", "gnd1:GND", "black", [ "v-9.6", "h-18.8" ] ],
    [ "relay2:GND", "relay1:GND", "black", [ "v-9.6", "h-57.2" ] ],
    [ "relay3:GND", "relay2:GND", "black", [ "v-9.6", "h-66.8" ] ],
    [ "relay4:GND", "relay3:GND", "black", [ "v-9.6", "h-66.8" ] ],
    [ "relay5:GND", "relay4:GND", "black", [ "v-9.6", "h-66.8" ] ],
    [ "lcd1:VCC", "vcc1:VCC", "red", [ "h0" ] ],
    [ "lcd1:VCC", "relay1:VCC", "red", [ "h-28.8", "v153.7", "h86.4" ] ],
    [ "relay1:VCC", "relay2:VCC", "red", [ "v-19.2", "h57.6" ] ],
    [ "relay2:VCC", "relay3:VCC", "red", [ "v-19.2", "h57.6" ] ],
    [ "relay3:VCC", "relay4:VCC", "red", [ "v-19.2", "h67.2" ] ],
    [ "relay4:VCC", "relay5:VCC", "red", [ "v-19.2", "h67.2" ] ],
    [ "pot1:SIG", "nano:A0", "green", [ "v19.2", "h47.6", "v-172.8" ] ],
    [ "vcc1:VCC", "pot1:VCC", "red", [ "v297.6", "h-9.6" ] ],
    [ "gnd1:GND", "pot1:GND", "black", [ "v-9.6", "h38.4" ] ]
  ],
  "dependencies": {}
}
1 Like

@xfpd thank you to participate. Your code is logical for sure. Looking at your code, boad rate is different, I will try ASAP.

Here is the code in Post #15 in a simulator...

1 Like

@xfpd When my bottom of RV2 POT is grounded, the analog reading value becomes positive and the condition loop goes to the last, over 230V, but relay response was incorrect.

Now if I use your code to respond in 130V, may be relay 1 is responding, take a look, not sure why my virtual terminal text setting is wired, but you can read at least. In this case relay 1 is connected to 210 V tab. Am I doing wrong on logic gates to sense the relay!

If you can not read the virtual terminal, I can write here,

Meaw

ACval 733. Relays OFF * and it stopped at ACval 580

Now if I remove the GND from RV2, It gives your similar result in Wokwi but ACval is 3 to 7. And the relay 1 position is same like other relays as like I post here.

@xfpd did you see the result in my last post ? Is there anything that I need to modify?

Trying to learn printing to LCD and all of the other parts of your project at the same time is going to dilute your understanding of all of it.

It is through practice that we gain long term/deep understanding of programming anything. When I learned to shoot, I was not running around learning tactics at the same time… that was later.

1 Like