Camera init failed with error 0x105 (ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND) on ESP32 Cam with OV2640 Camera

This is the part I was interested in:

#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER

The "CameraWebServer" example that comes with the "esp32" boards platform is configured for use with the "ESP Eye", like this:

#define CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE  // Has PSRAM

and that configuration doesn't work with the common ESP32-CAM board, and so when the example is used without any modification it causes the "Camera probe failed with error 0x105 (ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND)" error reported by @learner999. However, I see that your sketch is already configured correctly for use with the ESP32-CAM, so assuming you are using ESP32-CAM board, then your sketch is correctly configured.

I notice you are using a very old version of the example sketch, likely because you have a very old version of the "esp32" boards platform installed. Unless you have a specific reason for using that old platform version, I recommend you update to the latest version. I'll provide instructions you can follow to do that:

A. Update "esp32" Boards Platform

  1. Open the web page containing Espressif's official installation instructions for the ESP32 boards platform:
    https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/installing.html#installing-using-arduino-ide
  2. Copy the URL shown under the "Stable release link" section of that page.
  3. Select File > Preferences... (or Arduino IDE > Settings... for macOS users) from the Arduino IDE menus.
    The "Preferences" dialog will open.
  4. If there is already a URL for the ESP32 boards platform in the "Additional Boards Manager URLs" field of the "Preferences" dialog, delete it.
  5. Add the URL you copied from the ESP32 boards platform installation instructions to the "Additional Boards Manager URLs" field.
    If there are other URLs in the field, separate them with commas (,).
  6. Click the "OK" button on the "Preferences" dialog.
    The "Preferences" dialog will close.
  7. You will now see a "Downloading index: ..." notification at the bottom right corner of the IDE window. Wait for that notification to close.
  8. Select Tools > Board > Boards Manager... from the Arduino IDE menus to open the "Boards Manager" view in the left side panel.
  9. Scroll down through the list of boards platforms until you see the "esp32 by Espressif Systems" entry.
  10. Click the "UPDATE" button at the bottom of the entry.
  11. Wait for the update process to finish, as indicated by a notification at the bottom right corner of the Arduino IDE window:

    Successfully installed platform ...

B. Use Latest Example Sketch

  1. Select File > Examples > ESP32 > Camera > CameraWebServer from the Arduino IDE menus.
    The "CameraWebServer" sketch will open in a new Arduino IDE window.
  2. Change line 17 of the sketch from this:
    #define CAMERA_MODEL_ESP_EYE  // Has PSRAM
    
    to this:
    #define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER
    
  3. Replace the ********** placeholders on lines 39 and 40 of the sketch with your Wi-Fi access point credentials:
    const char *ssid = "**********";
    const char *password = "**********";
    
  4. If it isn't already, connect your ESP32-CAM board to the computer with a USB cable.
  5. Select Tools > Board > ESP32-CAM from the Arduino IDE menus.
  6. Select the port of the ESP32-CAM board from Arduino IDE's Tools > Port menu.
  7. If it isn't already open, select Tools > Serial Monitor to open the Serial Monitor panel.
  8. Select Sketch > Upload from the Arduino IDE menus.
  9. Wait for the upload to finish successfully.
  10. Watch the Serial Monitor panel. You should see something like this:
    WiFi connecting..
    WiFi connected
    Camera Ready! Use 'http://192.168.254.129' to connect
    
  11. Type the URL shown in Serial Monitor into the address bar of your browser.
  12. Press the Enter key.
    A web page will open that allows you to configure the camera.
  13. Make any camera configurations you like on the web page.
  14. Click the "Start Stream" button on the web page.

You should now see the stream from the camera in the web page.