sounds like you need a microcontroller with USB OTG Host CDC capability, e.g. ESP32-S3
have a look at post usb-host-shield-2-0-no-power-to-usb-port
the Arduino Giga R1 uses a STM32H747XI processor which has
2× USB OTG interfaces (1FS, 1HS/FS) crystal-less solution with LPM and BCD
if the Arduino STM32 libraries support it you should be able to use the Giga R1 as USB HOST CDC serial - see giga-r1-wifi/giga-usb/