ESP32 S3 + RC522 via SPI

nicolasmmp · October 18, 2024, 12:10pm

Hi friends. I'm trying to comunicate a RC522 (RFID shield) w my ESP32-S3 N16R8 but I cant!
Im trying a self test from the lib from github (GitHub - miguelbalboa/rfid: Arduino RFID Library for MFRC522) but im facing this error.

Thats my setup

[CODE]

/*
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Example sketch/program to test your firmware.
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * This is a MFRC522 library example; for further details and other examples see: https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid
 * 
 * This example test the firmware of your MFRC522 reader module, only known version can be checked. If the test passed
 * it do not mean that your module is faultless! Some modules have bad or broken antennas or the PICC is broken.
 * 
 * @author Rotzbua
 * @license Released into the public domain.
 * 
 * Typical pin layout used:
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *             MFRC522      Arduino       Arduino   Arduino    Arduino          Arduino
 *             Reader/PCD   Uno/101       Mega      Nano v3    Leonardo/Micro   Pro Micro
 * Signal      Pin          Pin           Pin       Pin        Pin              Pin
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * RST/Reset   RST          9             5         D9         RESET/ICSP-5     RST
 * SPI SS      SDA(SS)      10            53        D10        10               10
 * SPI MOSI    MOSI         11 / ICSP-4   51        D11        ICSP-4           16
 * SPI MISO    MISO         12 / ICSP-1   50        D12        ICSP-1           14
 * SPI SCK     SCK          13 / ICSP-3   52        D13        ICSP-3           15
 *
 * More pin layouts for other boards can be found here: https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid#pin-layout
 */

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>

#define RST_PIN         21          // Configurable, see typical pin layout above
#define SS_PIN          10         // Configurable, see typical pin layout above

MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);  // Create MFRC522 instance

/**
 * Check firmware only once at startup
 */
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);   // Initialize serial communications with the PC
  while (!Serial);      // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4)
  SPI.begin();          // Init SPI bus
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   // Init MFRC522 module
  
  Serial.println(F("*****************************"));
  Serial.println(F("MFRC522 Digital self test"));
  Serial.println(F("*****************************"));
  mfrc522.PCD_DumpVersionToSerial();  // Show version of PCD - MFRC522 Card Reader
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.println(F("Only known versions supported"));
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.println(F("Performing test..."));
  bool result = mfrc522.PCD_PerformSelfTest(); // perform the test
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.print(F("Result: "));
  if (result)
    Serial.println(F("OK"));
  else
    Serial.println(F("DEFECT or UNKNOWN"));
  Serial.println();
}

void loop() {} // nothing to do

PinOut

note that pin 47 here is not GPIO47

aliarifat794 · October 18, 2024, 1:43pm

Please check your jumper wires. Also, check if there is anything wrong with the breadboard.

horace · October 18, 2024, 3:37pm

using a ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 the MFRC522 CheckFirmware test

// ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 - ESP32_S3 to MFRC522 CheckFirmware test

/*
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Example to test your firmware.
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * This is a MFRC522 library example; for further details and other examples see: https://github.com/OSSLibraries/Arduino_MFRC522v2
 * 
 * This example test the firmware of your MFRC522 reader module, only known version can be checked. If the test passed
 * it do not mean that your module is faultless! Some modules have bad or broken antennas or the PICC is broken.
 * 
 * @author Rotzbua
 * @license Released into the public domain.
 * 
 * Typical pin layout used:
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *             MFRC522      Arduino       Arduino   Arduino    Arduino          Arduino
 *             Reader/PCD   Uno/101       Mega      Nano v3    Leonardo/Micro   Pro Micro
 * Signal      Pin          Pin           Pin       Pin        Pin              Pin
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * SPI SS      SDA(SS)      10            53        D10        10               10
 * SPI MOSI    MOSI         11 / ICSP-4   51        D11        ICSP-4           16
 * SPI MISO    MISO         12 / ICSP-1   50        D12        ICSP-1           14
 * SPI SCK     SCK          13 / ICSP-3   52        D13        ICSP-3           15
 *
 * Not found? For more see: https://github.com/OSSLibraries/Arduino_MFRC522v2#pin-layout
 */

// ESP32_S3_DevKit_1 connections
// ESP32_S3 SCK pin GPIO12  to MFRC522 card  SCK
// ESP32_S3 MISO pin GPIO13  to MFRC522 card  MISO
// ESP32_S3 MOSI pin GPIO11  to MFRC522 card  MOSI
// ESP32_S3 SS  pin GPIO 10   to MFRC522 card SS (marked SDA on PCB)
// connect ESP32_S3 GND and 3.3V to MFRC522 GND and 3V3

#include <MFRC522v2.h>
#include <MFRC522DriverSPI.h>
//#include <MFRC522DriverI2C.h>
#include <MFRC522DriverPinSimple.h>
#include <MFRC522Debug.h>

MFRC522DriverPinSimple ss_pin(10); // Configurable, see typical pin layout above.

MFRC522DriverSPI driver{ss_pin}; // Create SPI driver.
//MFRC522DriverI2C driver{}; // Create I2C driver.
MFRC522 mfrc522{driver};  // Create MFRC522 instance.

/**
 * Check firmware only once at startup.
 */
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);  // Initialize serial communications with the PC for debugging.
  while (!Serial);     // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4).
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();  // Init MFRC522 board.
  
  Serial.println(F("*****************************"));
  Serial.println(F("MFRC522 Digital self test"));
  Serial.println(F("*****************************"));
  MFRC522Debug::PCD_DumpVersionToSerial(mfrc522, Serial);  // Show version of PCD - MFRC522 Card Reader.
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.println(F("Only known versions supported"));
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.println(F("Performing test..."));
  bool result = mfrc522.PCD_PerformSelfTest(); // Perform the test.
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.print(F("Result: "));
  if (result)
    Serial.println(F("OK"));
  else
    Serial.println(F("DEFECT or UNKNOWN"));
  Serial.println();
}

void loop() {} // nothing to do

serial monitor displays

*****************************
MFRC522 Digital self test
*****************************
Firmware Version: 0x92 = v2.0
-----------------------------
Only known versions supported
-----------------------------
Performing test...
-----------------------------
Result: OK

photo

nicolasmmp · October 27, 2024, 7:12pm

I tested all the UC and module pins with my multimeter and they are all communicating with each other

nicolasmmp · October 27, 2024, 8:03pm

Thanks for the answer! I downloaded your library and tested your code but it still doesnt work. I tried it too with a new RC522, but I have the same issue!

// ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 - ESP32_S3 to MFRC522 CheckFirmware test

/*
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Example to test your firmware.
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * This is a MFRC522 library example; for further details and other examples see: https://github.com/OSSLibraries/Arduino_MFRC522v2
 * 
 * This example test the firmware of your MFRC522 reader module, only known version can be checked. If the test passed
 * it do not mean that your module is faultless! Some modules have bad or broken antennas or the PICC is broken.
 * 
 * @author Rotzbua
 * @license Released into the public domain.
 * 
 * Typical pin layout used:
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *             MFRC522      Arduino       Arduino   Arduino    Arduino          Arduino
 *             Reader/PCD   Uno/101       Mega      Nano v3    Leonardo/Micro   Pro Micro
 * Signal      Pin          Pin           Pin       Pin        Pin              Pin
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * SPI SS      SDA(SS)      10            53        D10        10               10
 * SPI MOSI    MOSI         11 / ICSP-4   51        D11        ICSP-4           16
 * SPI MISO    MISO         12 / ICSP-1   50        D12        ICSP-1           14
 * SPI SCK     SCK          13 / ICSP-3   52        D13        ICSP-3           15
 *
 * Not found? For more see: https://github.com/OSSLibraries/Arduino_MFRC522v2#pin-layout
 */

// ESP32_S3_DevKit_1 connections
// ESP32_S3 SCK pin GPIO12  to MFRC522 card  SCK
// ESP32_S3 MISO pin GPIO13  to MFRC522 card  MISO
// ESP32_S3 MOSI pin GPIO11  to MFRC522 card  MOSI
// ESP32_S3 SS  pin GPIO 10   to MFRC522 card SS (marked SDA on PCB)
// connect ESP32_S3 GND and 3.3V to MFRC522 GND and 3V3

#include <MFRC522v2.h>
#include <MFRC522DriverSPI.h>
//#include <MFRC522DriverI2C.h>
#include <MFRC522DriverPinSimple.h>
#include <MFRC522Debug.h>

MFRC522DriverPinSimple ss_pin(10); // Configurable, see typical pin layout above.

MFRC522DriverSPI driver{ss_pin}; // Create SPI driver.
//MFRC522DriverI2C driver{}; // Create I2C driver.
MFRC522 mfrc522{driver};  // Create MFRC522 instance.

/**
 * Check firmware only once at startup.
 */
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);  // Initialize serial communications with the PC for debugging.
  while (!Serial);     // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4).
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();  // Init MFRC522 board.
  
  Serial.println(F("*****************************"));
  Serial.println(F("MFRC522 Digital self test"));
  Serial.println(F("*****************************"));
  MFRC522Debug::PCD_DumpVersionToSerial(mfrc522, Serial);  // Show version of PCD - MFRC522 Card Reader.
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.println(F("Only known versions supported"));
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.println(F("Performing test..."));
  bool result = mfrc522.PCD_PerformSelfTest(); // Perform the test.
  Serial.println(F("-----------------------------"));
  Serial.print(F("Result: "));
  if (result)
    Serial.println(F("OK"));
  else
    Serial.println(F("DEFECT or UNKNOWN"));
  Serial.println();
}

void loop() {} // nothing to do

serial monitor displays

ESP-ROM:esp32s3-20210327
Build:Mar 27 2021
rst:0x1 (POWERON),boot:0x8 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
SPIWP:0xee
mode:DIO, clock div:1
load:0x3fce3818,len:0x109c
load:0x403c9700,len:0x4
load:0x403c9704,len:0xb50
load:0x403cc700,len:0x2fe4
entry 0x403c98ac
*****************************
MFRC522 Digital self test
*****************************
Firmware Version: 0xB2 = FM17522_1
-----------------------------
Only known versions supported
-----------------------------
Performing test...
-----------------------------
Result: DEFECT or UNKNOWN

I tried a new assembly, using short wires to avoid any noise, but returned same error on the serial.

ESP-ROM:esp32s3-20210327
Build:Mar 27 2021
rst:0x1 (POWERON),boot:0x8 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
SPIWP:0xee
mode:DIO, clock div:1
load:0x3fce3818,len:0x109c
load:0x403c9700,len:0x4
load:0x403c9704,len:0xb50
load:0x403cc700,len:0x2fe4
entry 0x403c98ac
*****************************
MFRC522 Digital self test
*****************************
Firmware Version: 0xB2 = FM17522_1
-----------------------------
Only known versions supported
-----------------------------
Performing test...
-----------------------------
Result: DEFECT or UNKNOWN

horace · October 28, 2024, 5:50am

copied code from your post 18 compiler, linked and a run gave

*****************************
MFRC522 Digital self test
*****************************
Firmware Version: 0x92 = v2.0
-----------------------------
Only known versions supported
-----------------------------
Performing test...
-----------------------------
Result: OK

using IDE 2.3.2 Tools>Board set to ESP32S3 Dev Module
tried with ESP32 core V3.0.7 and 2.0.17 - both work OK

what Tools>Board setting have you selected?

horace · October 28, 2024, 9:31am

Connected another MFRC522 to ESP32S3 and get

MFRC522 Digital self test
*****************************
Firmware Version: 0xB2 = FM17522_1
-----------------------------
Only known versions supported
-----------------------------
Performing test...
-----------------------------
Result: DEFECT or UNKNOWN

same results as your post 5
clearly there are different firmware version and the code only works for certain versions

EDIT: try this code

// ESP32-S3-DevKitC-1 - ESP32_S3 to MFRC522 ReadUidMultiReader test
/*
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Example showing how to read data from more than one PICC to serial.
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * This is a MFRC522 library example; for further details and other examples see: https://github.com/OSSLibraries/Arduino_MFRC522v2
 *
 * Example sketch/program showing how to read data from more than one PICC (that is: a RFID Tag or Card) using a
 * MFRC522 based RFID Reader on the Arduino SPI interface.
 *
 * Warning: This may not work! Multiple devices at one SPI are difficult and cause many trouble!! Engineering skill
 *          and knowledge are required!
 *
 * @license Released into the public domain.
 *
 * Typical pin layout used:
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *             MFRC522      Arduino       Arduino   Arduino    Arduino          Arduino
 *             Reader/PCD   Uno/101       Mega      Nano v3    Leonardo/Micro   Pro Micro
 * Signal      Pin          Pin           Pin       Pin        Pin              Pin
 * -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * SPI SS 1    SDA(SS)      ** custom, take a unused pin, only HIGH/LOW required **
 * SPI SS 2    SDA(SS)      ** custom, take a unused pin, only HIGH/LOW required **
 * SPI MOSI    MOSI         11 / ICSP-4   51        D11        ICSP-4           16
 * SPI MISO    MISO         12 / ICSP-1   50        D12        ICSP-1           14
 * SPI SCK     SCK          13 / ICSP-3   52        D13        ICSP-3           15
 *
 * Not found? For more see: https://github.com/OSSLibraries/Arduino_MFRC522v2#pin-layout
 */

// ESP32_S3_DevKit_1 connections
// ESP32_S3 SCK pin GPIO12  to MFRC522 card  SCK
// ESP32_S3 MISO pin GPIO13  to MFRC522 card  MISO
// ESP32_S3 MOSI pin GPIO11  to MFRC522 card  MOSI
// ESP32_S3 SS  pin GPIO 10   to MFRC522 card SS (marked SDA on PCB)
// connect ESP32_S3 GND and 3.3V to MFRC522 GND and 3V3

// Note for i2c:
// With i2c possible if every device has a own unique address.
// Otherwise a i2c multiplexer is required, which requires a own implementation of MFRC522Driver.h. 

#include <MFRC522v2.h>
#include <MFRC522DriverSPI.h>
#include <MFRC522DriverPinSimple.h>
#include <MFRC522Debug.h>

MFRC522DriverPinSimple ss_1_pin(10); // Configurable, take an unused pin, only HIGH/LOW required, must be different to SS 2.
MFRC522DriverPinSimple ss_2_pin(8); // Configurable, take an unused pin, only HIGH/LOW required, must be different to SS 1.

MFRC522DriverSPI driver_1{ss_1_pin};
MFRC522DriverSPI driver_2{ss_2_pin};

MFRC522 readers[]{driver_1};//, driver_2};   // Create MFRC522 instance.

/**
 * Initialize.
 */
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);  // Initialize serial communications with the PC for debugging.
  while (!Serial);     // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4).
  
  for (MFRC522 reader : readers) {
    reader.PCD_Init(); // Init each MFRC522 card.
    Serial.print(F("Reader "));
    static uint8_t i = 0;
    i++;
    Serial.print(i);
    Serial.print(F(": "));
    MFRC522Debug::PCD_DumpVersionToSerial(reader, Serial);
  }
}

/**
 * Main loop.
 */
void loop() {
   //if(!Serial.available()) return;
   //while(Serial.available()) Serial.read();

  delay(500);
     Serial.println("reading RFID");
  // Look for new cards.
  for (MFRC522 reader : readers) {
    if (reader.PICC_IsNewCardPresent() && reader.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
      Serial.print(F("Reader "));
      static uint8_t i = 0;
      i++;
      Serial.print(i);
      
      // Show some details of the PICC (that is: the tag/card).
      Serial.print(F(": Card UID:"));
      MFRC522Debug::PrintUID(Serial, reader.uid);
      Serial.println();
      
      Serial.print(F("PICC type: "));
      MFRC522::PICC_Type piccType = reader.PICC_GetType(reader.uid.sak);
      Serial.println(MFRC522Debug::PICC_GetTypeName(piccType));
      
      // Halt PICC.
      reader.PICC_HaltA();
      // Stop encryption on PCD.
      reader.PCD_StopCrypto1();
    }
  }
}

works OK with new MFRC522

Reader 1: Firmware Version: 0xB2 = FM17522_1
reading RFID
reading RFID
Reader 2: Card UID: 15 64 FD C2
PICC type: MIFARE 1KB
reading RFID
reading RFID
reading RFID
reading RFID
reading RFID
reading RFID
Reader 3: Card UID: 83 6E D2 A6
PICC type: MIFARE 1KB
reading RFID
reading RFID
reading RFID
reading RFID
Reader 4: Card UID: C3 65 94 95
PICC type: MIFARE 1KB
reading RFID
reading RFID

nicolasmmp · October 31, 2024, 6:59am

Hi friend, thanks for keeping helping me.

Well, I put your post #7 code and serial returned it

New RC522

rst:0x1 (POWERON),boot:0x8 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
03:51:39.632 -> SPIWP:0xee
03:51:39.632 -> mode:DIO, clock div:1
03:51:39.632 -> load:0x3fce3818,len:0x109c
03:51:39.632 -> load:0x403c9700,len:0x4
03:51:39.632 -> load:0x403c9704,len:0xb50
03:51:39.632 -> load:0x403cc700,len:0x2fe4
03:51:39.632 -> entry 0x403c98ac
03:51:39.760 -> Reader 1: Firmware Version: 0xB2 = FM17522_1
03:51:40.256 -> reading RFID
[...]
[...]
03:56:36.837 -> Reader 4: Card UID: C3 F7 91 0F*
03:56:36.881 -> PICC type: MIFARE 1KB*

'Old' RC522

03:52:06.381 -> ESP-ROM:esp32s3-20210327
03:52:06.381 -> Build:Mar 27 2021
03:52:06.381 -> rst:0x1 (POWERON),boot:0x8 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
03:52:06.381 -> SPIWP:0xee
03:52:06.381 -> mode:DIO, clock div:1
03:52:06.381 -> load:0x3fce3818,len:0x109c
03:52:06.423 -> load:0x403c9700,len:0x4
03:52:06.423 -> load:0x403c9704,len:0xb50
03:52:06.423 -> load:0x403cc700,len:0x2fe4
03:52:06.423 -> entry 0x403c98ac
03:52:06.564 -> Reader 1:  = (unknown)
03:52:06.565 -> WARNING: Communication failure, is the MFRC522 properly connected?
03:52:07.077 -> reading RFID

Apparently the new works well!

what Tools>Board setting have you selected?

horace · October 31, 2024, 7:30am

I use Tools>Board> ESP32S3 Dev Module
it appears there are many different versions of MRFC522 firmware
both my MFRC522 modules work with the code of post 7

nicolasmmp · October 31, 2024, 7:43am

Thanks for help bro!

Greetins from Brasil!!

system · April 29, 2025, 7:44am

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