I need help on how to do the connection or circuit using this component.
It will be like the picture above but i don't know what should connect from pin to pin, please help!
A link to the datasheet would tell what it is. Your pictures don't tell.
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What size/voltage/capacity of batteries does this hold?
Correct approach, using a relay module. Be sure your relays will trip with 3V3 as that is what the ESP8266 will output. When picking a module pick one where the 'ON' led is powered by the transistor, if it is in series with the opto coupler it will probably not work because of the voltage drop of the LED. The schematics given by @LarryD are correct.
Ok.
In your photo, the battery holder looked like it might hold 2xAA cells, which would not power your circuit for very long.
No, I think that would be a mistake. The DC-DC buck converter will drain the batteries even when the relay is not activated.
Connect the battery negative to the -IN of the converter and the battery positive to the COM of the relay. Connect the NO of the relay to the +IN of the converter. Connect the -/+OUT of the converter to the LED box thing.
But how is the ESP and the relay powered?
In your photos there is a yellow LED, but it is not shown in your diagram.
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