How control an Arduino Nano and power a 24 LED ring over the same USB connector?

[adamsmi]

With an Arduino Nano V3 I'm controlling a 24 LED ring (WS2812B). At the moment, it's powered with a 5V/1.5A charger over the VIN/GND pins and the programming is done USB pins. But in the final setup in a wooden box, there will be only one micro USB socket at the outside of the box (it's a USB Micro-B connector breakout board, see image attached — this requirement is predetermined and can not be altered); the jack on one hand should serve as connection to the charger for powering the whole device in everyday use, on the other hand it should serve as connection to a computer for updating the code from time to time (to connect from the micro USB socket to the mini USB socket on the Arduino, I've built an adapter cable).

What's the best way to wire this desired setup?
Should I just use the mini USB of the Arduino, to power the device (LEDs included)? I tested it and it works so far.
Or – since it's always adviced to use the VIN/GND pins – should I branch off the + and – of the USB Micro-B connector breakout board and connecting in this way to the VIN/GND pins as well?

And, in that case, where do I have to put the capacitor to smooth out any fluctuations in the power supply?

[Railroader]

Could You grab pen and paper and make a little schematics showing the powering?
Don't supply Vin and then tap the 5 volt pin for the LEDs. Too much current for that.

[adamsmi]

In the same sense as @Railroader another user (over a private message) pointed out to me that it's "basically never advised to use 'Vin' on a Nano - or a UNO, Mega etc." That's right, the majority of websites advise against it, but foolishly I followed the diagram at the end of this guide.

So I did a new schematic diagram — what about this kind of wiring:

Is this a good setup?
(Note: since I use decreased brightness on all LEDS, the amount of power given by the charger should be sufficient)

[Wawa]

@adamsmi

Is this a good setup?

Only if you remove the red line to the Nano.
The Nano will get it's power through the USB cable.

The article you linked to is terrible.
Powering a LED ring through a Nano with 7-12volt on V-in is a burnout waiting to happen.
Your image gets LED power directly from that USB board.
Leo..

[Railroader]

@adamsmi

I followed the diagram at the end of this guide

Who posted that crap? A selfmade guru of some kind? Internet contains a lot of crap.

[adamsmi]

I remove the red line, but keep the black line to GND?

[Wawa]

Leaving the black wire is safer in case you unplug the USB from the Nano.
I would also add a 470 ohm resistor in series with the blue wire, for LED protection.
Leo..