I am a long time Windows user of the IDE but have just switched to a Mac and after installing the IDE it does not seem to start.
The Icon @bounces@ and nothing happens if I try to start form the applications folder. And when I try to start it form the command line I get the following error:
LSOpenURLsWithRole() failed for the application /Applications/Arduino.app with error -10658.
I saw some other posts referencing OS X 10.9 before it was on public release causing problems, but I am wondering is the problem my lack of OS X knowledge or a compatibility issue with the IDE and 10.9
I have just upgraded to 10.9 and the first time the arduino IDE ran a window poped up saying I needed to download some element of Jave. I clicked on the install it't on and all was well.
That dosn't solve your problem but it gives you somewhere to start looking, look for Java updates for 10.9
Good luck, when you do find what to do please post back here.