Implementing LEDs into alarm

weece · June 18, 2021, 1:02pm

I have followed this video here:

It all works perfect, however I am figuring out how to make 3 LEDs light up once the alarm is triggered. I can't quite get the hang of it. Any help appreciated.

//Libraries
#include <Wire.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>
#include <dht_nonblocking.h>


//Connections and constants 
#define DHT_SENSOR_TYPE DHT_TYPE_11
LiquidCrystal lcd(2,3,4,5,6,7);
int tempC;
double tempK;
int tempReading;
unsigned long starttime;
float temperature;
float humidity;
byte clocksymbol[8] = {
  0b00000,
  0b00100,
  0b01110,
  0b01110,
  0b11111,
  0b00000,
  0b00100,
  0b00000,
};

byte temp[8] = {
  0b10000,
  0b00111,
  0b01000,
  0b01000,
  0b01000,

  
  0b01000,
  0b00111,
  0b00000,
}; 

static const int DHT_SENSOR_PIN = 10;
const int buzzer = 9;
const int isbacklight = 8;
DHT_nonblocking dht_sensor( DHT_SENSOR_PIN, DHT_SENSOR_TYPE );






RTC_DS1307 rtc; //DS1307 i2c
char daysOfTheWeek[7][12] = {"Sunday","Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};
const int btSet = A5;
const int btAdj = A4;
const int btAlarm = A3;

const int shakeSensor = A3;
long interval = 300;  
int melody[] = { 600, 800, 1000,1200 };

//Variables
int DD,MM,YY,H,M,S,set_state, adjust_state, alarm_state,AH,AM, shake_state;
int shakeTimes=0;
int i =0;
int btnCount = 0;
String sDD;
String sMM;
String sYY;
String sH;
String sM;
String sS;
String aH="12";
String aM="00";
String alarm = "     ";
long previousMillis = 0;    

//Boolean flags
boolean setupScreen = false;
boolean alarmON=false;
boolean turnItOn = false;
boolean backlightON=true;
   
void setup() {
  //Init RTC and LCD library items
  rtc.begin();
  lcd.begin(16,2);
  //Set outputs/inputs
  pinMode(btSet,INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(btAdj,INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(btAlarm, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED3, OUTPUT);
  
  Serial.begin(9600);
  lcd.createChar(1, clocksymbol);
  lcd.createChar(2, temp);

  digitalWrite(isbacklight,HIGH);
  
  
  //Check if RTC has a valid time/date, if not set it to 00:00:00 01/01/2018.
  //This will run only at first time or if the coin battery is low.
  if (! rtc.isrunning()) {
    Serial.println("RTC is NOT running!");
    // This line sets the RTC with an explicit date & time, for example to set
    // January 1, 2018 at 00:00am you would call:
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(2018, 01, 01, 00, 00, 0)); 
  }
  delay(100);
  //Read alarm time from EEPROM memmory
  AH=EEPROM.read(0);
  AM=EEPROM.read(1);
  //Check if the numbers that you read are valid. (Hours:0-23 and Minutes: 0-59)
  if (AH>23){
    AH=0;
  }
  if (AM>59){
    AM=0;
  }


//starttime=millis();

 
  
}

void loop() {
  readBtns();       //Read buttons 
  getTimeDate();    //Read time and date from RTC
  if (!setupScreen){
    lcdPrint();     //Normanlly print the current time/date/alarm to the LCD
    if (alarmON){
      callAlarm();   // and check the alarm if set on
    }
    else{
         lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
         lcd.write(" ");
        }
  }
  else{
    timeSetup();    //If button set is pressed then call the time setup function
     
  }

   if( measure_environment( &temperature, &humidity ) == true )
  {
     tempC =temperature;  
  } 

  
}



static bool measure_environment( float *temperature, float *humidity )
 {
  static unsigned long measurement_timestamp = millis( );

  /* Measure once every four seconds. */
  if( millis( ) - measurement_timestamp > 3000ul )
  {
    if( dht_sensor.measure( temperature, humidity ) == true )
    {
      measurement_timestamp = millis( );
      return( true );
    }
  }
  return( false );
}









/*************** Functions ****************/
//Read buttons state
void readBtns(){
  set_state = digitalRead(btSet);
  adjust_state = digitalRead(btAdj);
  alarm_state = digitalRead(btAlarm);
  if(!setupScreen){
    if (alarm_state==LOW){
      if (alarmON){
        alarm="     ";
        alarmON=false;
      }
      else{
        alarmON=true;
      }
      delay(500);
    }

  if (adjust_state==LOW){
      if (backlightON==true){
        backlightON=false;
        digitalWrite(isbacklight,LOW);
      }
      else{
        backlightON=true;
        digitalWrite(isbacklight,HIGH);
      }
      delay(500);
    }

    
  }
  if (set_state==LOW){
    if(btnCount<7){
      btnCount++;
      setupScreen = true;
        if(btnCount==1){
          lcd.clear();
          lcd.setCursor(0,0);
          lcd.print("------SET------");
          lcd.setCursor(0,1);
          lcd.print("-TIME and DATE-");
          delay(2000);
          lcd.clear();
        }
    } 
    else{
      lcd.clear();
      rtc.adjust(DateTime(YY, MM, DD, H, M, 0)); //Save time and date to RTC IC
      EEPROM.write(0, AH);  //Save the alarm hours to EEPROM 0
      EEPROM.write(1, AM);  //Save the alarm minuted to EEPROM 1
      lcd.print("Saving....");
      delay(2000);
      lcd.clear();
      setupScreen = false;
      btnCount=0;
    }
    delay(500);
  }
}

//Read time and date from rtc ic
void getTimeDate(){
  if (!setupScreen){
    DateTime now = rtc.now();
    DD = now.day();
    MM = now.month();
    YY = now.year();
    H = now.hour();
    M = now.minute();
    S = now.second();
  }
  //Make some fixes...
  if (DD<10){ sDD = '0' + String(DD); } else { sDD = DD; }
  if (MM<10){ sMM = '0' + String(MM); } else { sMM = MM; }
  sYY=YY-2000;
  if (H<10){ sH = '0' + String(H); } else { sH = H; }
  if (M<10){ sM = '0' + String(M); } else { sM = M; }
  if (S<10){ sS = '0' + String(S); } else { sS = S; }
  if (AH<10){ aH = '0' + String(AH); } else { aH = AH; }
  if (AM<10){ aM = '0' + String(AM); }  else { aM = AM; }
}
//Print values to the display
void lcdPrint(){
  String line1 = sH+":"+sM+":"+sS+" |";
  lcd.setCursor(0,0); //First row
   lcd.print(line1);
   if (alarmON){
     lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
     lcd.write(1);
               }
  String line2 = aH+":"+aM;
   lcd.setCursor(11, 0);
   lcd.print(line2);
        
  String line3 = sDD+"-"+sMM+"-"+sYY +" | " +tempC ;
  lcd.setCursor(0,1); //Second row
  lcd.print(line3);  
  if (setupScreen){
    lcd.setCursor(13, 1);
    lcd.print("");  
  }
  else{
    lcd.setCursor(13, 1);
    lcd.write(2);
  }
  
}

//Setup screen
void timeSetup(){
  int up_state = adjust_state;
  int down_state = alarm_state;
  if(btnCount<=5){
    if (btnCount==1){         //Set Hour
      lcd.setCursor(4,0);
      lcd.print(">"); 
      if (up_state == LOW){   //Up button +
        if (H<23){
          H++;
        }
        else {
          H=0;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
      if (down_state == LOW){ //Down button -
        if (H>0){
          H--;
        }
        else {
          H=23;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
    }
    else if (btnCount==2){      //Set  Minutes
      lcd.setCursor(4,0);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(9,0);
      lcd.print(">");
      if (up_state == LOW){
        if (M<59){
          M++;
        }
        else {
          M=0;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
      if (down_state == LOW){
        if (M>0){
          M--;
        }
        else {
          M=59;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
    }
    else if (btnCount==3){      //Set Day
      lcd.setCursor(9,0);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print(">");
      if (up_state == LOW){
        if (DD<31){
          DD++;
        }
        else {
          DD=1;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
      if (down_state == LOW){
        if (DD>1){
          DD--;
        }
        else {
          DD=31;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
    }
    else if (btnCount==4){      //Set Month
      lcd.setCursor(0,1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(5,1);
      lcd.print(">");
      if (up_state == LOW){
        if (MM<12){
          MM++;
        }
        else {
          MM=1;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
      if (down_state == LOW){
        if (MM>1){
          MM--;
        }
        else {
          MM=12;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
    }
    else if (btnCount==5){      //Set Year
      lcd.setCursor(5,1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(10,1);
      lcd.print(">");
      if (up_state == LOW){
        if (YY<2999){
          YY++;
        }
        else {
          YY=2000;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
      if (down_state == LOW){
        if (YY>2018){
          YY--;
        }
        else {
          YY=2999;
        }
        delay(350);
      }
    }
    lcd.setCursor(5,0);
    lcd.print(sH);
    lcd.setCursor(8,0);
    lcd.print(":");
    lcd.setCursor(10,0);
    lcd.print(sM);
    lcd.setCursor(1,1);
    lcd.print(sDD);
    lcd.setCursor(4,1);
    lcd.print("-");
    lcd.setCursor(6,1);
    lcd.print(sMM);
    lcd.setCursor(9,1);
    lcd.print("-");
    lcd.setCursor(11,1);
    lcd.print(sYY);
  }
  else{
    setAlarmTime();
  }
}

//Set alarm time
void setAlarmTime(){
  int up_state = adjust_state;
  int down_state = alarm_state;
  String line2;
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("SET  ALARM TIME");
  if (btnCount==6){             //Set alarm Hour
    if (up_state == LOW){
      if (AH<23){
        AH++;
      }
      else {
        AH=0;
      }
      delay(350);
    }
    if (down_state == LOW){
      if (AH>0){
        AH--;
      }
      else {
        AH=23;
      }
      delay(350);
    }
    line2 = "    >"+aH+" : "+aM+"    ";
  }
  else if (btnCount==7){ //Set alarm Minutes
    if (up_state == LOW){
      if (AM<59){
        AM++;
      }
      else {
        AM=0;
      }
      delay(350);
    }
    if (down_state == LOW){
      if (AM>0){
        AM--;
      }
      else {
        AM=59;
      }
      delay(350);
    }
    line2 = "     "+aH+" :>"+aM+"    ";    
  }
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print(line2);
}

void callAlarm(){
  if (aM==sM && aH==sH && S>=0 && S<=10){
    turnItOn = true;
  } 
 else if(alarm_state==LOW ||(S>=59)){    //||(M==(AM+1))
    turnItOn = false;
    alarmON=true;
    delay(50);
  } 
  /*if(analogRead(shakeSensor)>1000){
    shakeTimes++;
    Serial.print(shakeTimes);
    delay(50);
  } */
  if (turnItOn){

    unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
    if(currentMillis - previousMillis > interval) {
      previousMillis = currentMillis;   
      tone(buzzer,melody[i],100);
      i++; 
      if(i>3){i=0; };
      Serial.println("00000");

    }
  }
  else{
    noTone(buzzer);
   
  }
}

I assume the LEDs

alto777 · June 18, 2021, 1:31pm

is where the alarm sound happens. This would be a plausible place to turn on you LEDs.

How are they wired in your circuit?

a7

paulpaulson · June 18, 2021, 1:44pm

Hello
you can 3 LEDs simply light up during the time the melody is playing .

weece · June 22, 2021, 9:11am

thank you, but which code should I add?

weece · June 22, 2021, 9:14am

I have connected 3 100k resistor to pins 11,12,13, then connect the resistors to 3 LEDs, then LED to negative. Im unsure if this is correct

alto777 · June 22, 2021, 10:47am

You need to look at some simple example programs, available in the IDE, to learn how to light up an LED.

Google for some beginner’s level tutorial if you need.

Take a look at

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/BuiltInExamples/Blink

I found that just by googling

LED on off Arduino

You may be trying to walk before you are even crawling, by the indications of your questions.

No one is born knowing this stuff, everyone has to work to learn it at whatever level.

If you just want the answer handed you, there’s probably someone here who will eventually take pity on you and do, just so you go away.

Give it a try, and when it works, tell us with pride and satisfaction. If you try and it doesn’t work, share what you’ve tried here, complete code, and we can help you sort your problem(s).

One thing you’ll learn about is the proper wiring and resistor selection for driving an LED from an Arduino output.

a7

Paul_B · June 22, 2021, 11:29am

Those LEDs are going to be pretty dim!

I suspect 1k may be more appropriate.

weece · June 22, 2021, 2:04pm

I had found my problem, and when it did work, they were very dim, so I removed the resistors entireley!

weece · June 22, 2021, 2:23pm

I figured my problem, my code and hardware was all correct. My breadboard, however, is strange. It is "split" into 2, so you need to wire them each so power can reach the opposite side of the board!

alto777 · June 22, 2021, 2:28pm

Lucky you, there's some risk to going without the "current limiting resistor" that is necessary.

As @Paul_B says, try 1K ohms (1000 ohms). That'll give you ~4 mA current, entirely safe and with good LEDs bright enough.

I use 470 ohms only because I accidentally ordered 100 of them some years ago - never mind how long precisely - and just have them handy. That's about 7 mA current, very within the safe range of almost any plain LED. And a bit brighter.

Good work on the detective stuff!

a7

Paul_B · June 22, 2021, 10:33pm

No, not strange, very common, and a very common cause of reports here. But unless you show us a photo of your project, we can never know.

Note the red and blue lines on (this version of) the MB102 are broken to tell you the two halves are not the same?

It allows you to put two different circuits on the same breadboard. There is of course, also a half length version of the breadboard.

weece · June 25, 2021, 8:57am

Yes, i understand now. I did know this before when i initially got it, however whilst making this circuit i just forgot about that

system · October 23, 2021, 8:58am

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