Need Help with Powering and Wiring Corrections for Arduino-Based Multi-Hazard Home Warning System with GSM Module

Projects General Guidance
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Hello Arduino community,

I am working on a project to create an "Arduino-Based Multi-Hazard Home Warning System" that uses a variety of sensors, an ESP32-CAM module, and a GSM module for communication. The purpose of this system is to detect multiple hazards, including gas leakage, intrusion and fire, and send alerts via SMS. However, I am having issues figuring out how to properly power the system and making sure my wiring is correct.

Components Used:

  • Arduino UNO
  • MQ-2 Gas Sensor
  • KY-026 Flame Sensor
  • ESP32-CAM Module
  • GSM Module (SIM900)
  • Breadboard for connections

Questions I Need Help With:

  1. Powering the system: I am concerned that powering everything from the Arduino’s 5V might not be enough, especially with the GSM module and ESP32-CAM connected. What is the best way to power this setup? Should I use an external power source or a power shield? How do I ensure stable power for the GSM and ESP32-CAM modules?
  2. Wiring corrections: Does my wiring seem correct for the modules and sensors I have connected? I especially want to ensure the communication between the Arduino, the ESP32-CAM, and the GSM module is properly set up. Should I include any capacitors or resistors to protect the components or ensure better communication?
  3. Serial communication: I have connected the ESP32-CAM and the GSM module to different digital pins for Serial communication. Is there a conflict here, or should I use SoftwareSerial for either of these modules? What is the best practice for handling multiple modules that use Serial communication?
  4. Potential improvements: Are there any suggestions for improving the circuit design, especially in terms of wiring organization and avoiding noise or interference?

Additional Notes:

I want the system to be able to:

  • Detect gas leaks and flames (using MQ-2 and KY-026 sensors)
  • Capture images using the ESP32-CAM
  • Send an SMS alert when a hazard is detected using the SIM900 GSM Module.

I’ve attached images of my current wiring. Any advice on how to properly power and correct the wiring would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance for your time and help!

HOME WARNING SYSTEM_bb
HOME WARNING SYSTEM_bb2277×2250 407 KB

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  • External power supply capable of supplying adequate current to all devices.
  • Boost or Buck converters for devices needing different voltage levels.
  • Maybe level shifters for communication among GSM, ESP and Arduino
  • Tie all ground pins together.