"I am aware that pins D14-D21 are multiplexed as A0-A7 on the RP2040, but the standard Fritzing library only shows Digital labels, making the schematic documentation for my automotive sensor project quite confusing. Any help would be appreciated!"
Maybe if you tried a real schematic and not a wiring diagram it would go much better. KiCad is a great program and it is free and works on almost all platforms.
I think the Fritzing forum would be a bettor place to ask
Try the Fritzing on this page.
I don't do Fritzing so I have no idea if it's right but it's the official Arduino one.
Mine shows A0-A7.