thickness sensor

Hi, is there any sensor in Arduino that measure the thickness of a solid?
can ultrasonic do it?
thanks

Surfaces don't have thicknesses. Solids have thicknesses.

What ARE you trying to do?

What is the solid material involved? Speed of sound depends on the material. To couple ultrasonically
to a solid requires a liquid or gel interface material, which will be messy perhaps?
You've ruled out a caliper gauge?
Or two distance sensors either side?

the material is wood

Find a good instrument with 4-20mA output, be sure that the instrument chosen is okay for your goal.

Then read instrument output using analog input with a simple 250 ohms resistor in series. You will get voltage between 1.00V and 5.00 V

1.00V for 4 mA => 0 SCALE
5.00V for 20mA => FULL SCALE

Sensor 4-20mA represents instrument. Forget 24V battery.

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