I see it the way, that the part stands on the PCB and somebody draw around its feets (or bottom part) to mark, how much place it take and that is the footprint. And manipulating the footprints to fit the place marks, where the parts should stand.
The footprint usually have both, where the foots(pins) touch the PCB and what place over PCB is blocked by the part.
(When there is no pre-defined shield footprint, you can start with the published board/schematic design and delete all of the components except the connectors...)