I want to connect this IR camera to an Arduino Due board.
The robot should analyze the output, and the travel to the cooler areas (blue ones, if there's any) and check if they're liquid or not (that's another sensor). My question: is this possible with an arduino? Also, would programming it be a real challenge (no online resources)?
Edit: by travel i mean, simply go in that direction until it detects a liquid or passes over. If there's a metal bar or anything like that, i intend to make it ignore it (as well as any other solids)
Yes, any Arduino can measure 64 temperature points with that IR imager.
It would also be relatively straightforward to use those data to direct a robot toward the warmest or coolest points.
Any Arduino can also monitor a moisture sensor. "Detect liquid state" is a completely different issue.
How difficult the programming might be depends entirely on your skills. It make no sense not to consult on line sources of information, but if you are a beginner with Arduino, we strongly recommend that you work through the simple examples that come with the programming software, to learn the language and the special features of the Arduino.