I am having trouble getting my TFT screen working. I'm not using a shield since I bought a module from AliExpress (this one: https://www.aliexpress.com/item/33015586094.html?spm=a2g0o.order_list.order_list_main.16.7acf1802vXK5D0). I found a library named MCUFRIEND_kbv that supports the screen driver ili9488. I downloaded it through the IDE Library Manager and opened the example code "graphictest_kbv". Since I am not using a shield, the code instructs me to use a constructor, so I wired it accordingly. I am using an Arduino Uno from the student kit.
On the left, I have written the label on the screen, and on the right, what it is connected to on the Arduino:
- SDO (MISO) - A1
- LED - 3.3V
- SDI (MOSI) - A0
- DC/RS - A2
- RESET - A4
- CS - A3
- GND - GND
- VCC - 3.3V
I have made a small change to the code, which was to add "#define SUPPORT_9488_555". From what I read on the GitHub, it seems like it was necessary.
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega32U4__) //Leonardo
#define HOW_SLIM 3
#else
#define HOW_SLIM 0 //no slimming measures
#endif
// All the mcufriend.com UNO shields have the same pinout.
// i.e. control pins A0-A4. Data D2-D9. microSD D10-D13.
// Touchscreens are normally A1, A2, D7, D6 but the order varies
//
// This demo should work with most Adafruit TFT libraries
// If you are not using a shield, use a full Adafruit constructor()
// e.g. Adafruit_TFTLCD tft(LCD_CS, LCD_CD, LCD_WR, LCD_RD, LCD_RESET);
#define LCD_CS A3; // Chip Select goes to Analog 3
#define LCD_CD A2; // Command/Data goes to Analog 2
#define LCD_WR A1; // LCD Write goes to Analog 1
#define LCD_RD A0; // LCD Read goes to Analog 0
#define LCD_RESET A4; // Can alternately just connect to Arduino's reset pin
#define SUPPORT_9488_555 # I added this
#if ARDUINO < 165
#define USE_GFX_KBV
#include "ADA_GFX_kbv.h"
#else
#include "Adafruit_GFX.h"
#endif
#include <MCUFRIEND_kbv.h>
MCUFRIEND_kbv tft;
#include <Adafruit_TFTLCD.h>
Adafruit_TFTLCD tft(LCD_CS, LCD_CD, LCD_WR, LCD_RD, LCD_RESET); # ERROR HAPPENDS HERE
// Assign human-readable names to some common 16-bit color values:
#define BLACK 0x0000
#define BLUE 0x001F
#define RED 0xF800
#define GREEN 0x07E0
#define CYAN 0x07FF
#define MAGENTA 0xF81F
#define YELLOW 0xFFE0
#define WHITE 0xFFFF
#ifndef min
#define min(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
#endif
void setup(void);
void loop(void);
unsigned long testFillScreen();
unsigned long testText();
unsigned long testLines(uint16_t color);
unsigned long testFastLines(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2);
unsigned long testRects(uint16_t color);
unsigned long testFilledRects(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2);
unsigned long testFilledCircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color);
unsigned long testCircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color);
unsigned long testTriangles();
unsigned long testFilledTriangles();
unsigned long testRoundRects();
unsigned long testFilledRoundRects();
void progmemPrint(const char *str);
void progmemPrintln(const char *str);
void runtests(void);
uint16_t g_identifier;
void setup(void) {
#if HOW_SLIM < 1
Serial.begin(9600);
uint32_t when = millis();
// while (!Serial) ; //hangs a Leonardo until you connect a Serial
if (!Serial) delay(5000); //allow some time for Leonardo
Serial.println("Serial took " + String((millis() - when)) + "ms to start");
#endif
static uint16_t identifier;
tft.reset(); //we can't read ID on 9341 until begin()
g_identifier = tft.readID(); //
#if HOW_SLIM < 1
Serial.print("ID = 0x");
Serial.println(g_identifier, HEX);
#endif
if (g_identifier == 0x00D3) g_identifier = 0x9481; // write-only shield
if (g_identifier == 0xFFFF) g_identifier = 0x9341; // serial
// g_identifier = 0x7789; // force ID
tft.begin(g_identifier);
}
#if defined(MCUFRIEND_KBV_H_)
uint16_t scrollbuf[480]; // my biggest screen is 320x480
#define READGRAM(x, y, buf, w, h) tft.readGRAM(x, y, buf, w, h)
#else
uint16_t scrollbuf[320]; // Adafruit only does 240x320
// Adafruit can read a block by one pixel at a time
int16_t READGRAM(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t *block, int16_t w, int16_t h)
{
uint16_t *p;
for (int row = 0; row < h; row++) {
p = block + row * w;
for (int col = 0; col < w; col++) {
*p++ = tft.readPixel(x + col, y + row);
}
}
}
#endif
void windowScroll(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t wid, int16_t ht, int16_t dx, int16_t dy, uint16_t *buf)
{
if (dx) for (int16_t row = 0; row < ht; row++) {
READGRAM(x, y + row, buf, wid, 1);
tft.setAddrWindow(x, y + row, x + wid - 1, y + row);
tft.pushColors(buf + dx, wid - dx, 1);
tft.pushColors(buf + 0, dx, 0);
}
if (dy) for (int16_t col = 0; col < wid; col++) {
READGRAM(x + col, y, buf, 1, ht);
tft.setAddrWindow(x + col, y, x + col, y + ht - 1);
tft.pushColors(buf + dy, ht - dy, 1);
tft.pushColors(buf + 0, dy, 0);
}
}
void loop(void) {
uint8_t aspect;
uint16_t pixel;
char *aspectname[] = {
"PORTRAIT", "LANDSCAPE", "PORTRAIT_REV", "LANDSCAPE_REV"
};
char *colorname[] = { "BLUE", "GREEN", "RED", "GRAY" };
uint16_t colormask[] = { 0x001F, 0x07E0, 0xF800, 0xFFFF };
uint16_t dx, rgb, n, wid, ht;
tft.setRotation(1);
runtests();
delay(2000);
if (tft.height() > 64) {
for (uint8_t cnt = 0; cnt < 4; cnt++) {
aspect = (cnt + 0) & 3;
tft.setRotation(aspect);
wid = tft.width();
ht = tft.height();
testText();
dx = wid / 32;
for (n = 0; n < 32; n++) {
rgb = n * 8;
rgb = tft.color565(rgb, rgb, rgb);
tft.fillRect(n * dx, 48, dx, 64, rgb & colormask[aspect]);
}
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setTextColor(colormask[aspect], BLACK);
tft.setCursor(0, 72);
tft.print(colorname[aspect]);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
tft.println(" COLOR GRADES");
tft.setTextColor(WHITE, BLACK);
tft.setCursor(0, 184);
tft.println(aspectname[aspect]);
delay(1000);
tft.drawPixel(0, 0, YELLOW);
pixel = tft.readPixel(0, 0);
#if defined(MCUFRIEND_KBV_H_)
#if HOW_SLIM < 3
extern const uint8_t penguin[];
tft.setAddrWindow(wid - 40 - 40, 20 + 0, wid - 1 - 40, 20 + 39);
tft.pushColors(penguin, 1600, 1);
#endif
tft.setTextColor(WHITE, BLACK);
tft.println("VERTICAL SCROLL UP");
uint16_t maxscroll;
if (tft.getRotation() & 1) maxscroll = wid;
else maxscroll = ht;
for (uint16_t i = 1; i <= maxscroll; i++) {
tft.vertScroll(0, maxscroll, i);
delay(10);
}
tft.vertScroll(0, maxscroll, 0);
tft.setCursor(0, 200);
tft.println("VERTICAL SCROLL DN");
for (uint16_t i = 1; i <= maxscroll; i++) {
tft.vertScroll(0, maxscroll, 0 - (int16_t)i);
delay(10);
}
delay(1000);
tft.vertScroll(0, maxscroll, 0);
if ((aspect & 1) == 0) { //Portrait
tft.setCursor(0, 200);
tft.setTextColor(BLUE, BLACK);
tft.println("ONLY THE COLOR BAND");
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
tft.vertScroll(48, 64, i + 1);
delay(20);
}
delay(1000);
tft.vertScroll(0, maxscroll, 0);
}
#endif
tft.setCursor(0, 200);
tft.setTextColor(YELLOW, BLACK);
if (pixel == YELLOW) {
tft.println("SOFTWARE SCROLL ");
#if 1
for (int16_t i = 45, dx = 2, dy = 1; i > 0; i -= dx) {
windowScroll(24, 8, 90, 40, dx, dy, scrollbuf);
}
#else
// scroll a whole width of the screen
for (int16_t i = wid, dx = 4, dy = 0; i > 0; i -= dx) {
windowScroll(0, 200, wid, 16, dx, dy, scrollbuf);
}
#endif
}
else if (pixel == CYAN)
tft.println("readPixel() reads as BGR");
else if (pixel == 0xFFFF)
tft.println("readPixel() should be 24-bit");
else {
tft.print("readPixel() reads 0x");
tft.println(pixel, HEX);
}
delay(5000);
}
}
tft.println("INVERT DISPLAY");
tft.invertDisplay(true);
delay(2000);
tft.invertDisplay(false);
}
typedef struct {
PGM_P msg;
uint32_t ms;
} TEST;
TEST result[12];
#define RUNTEST(n, str, test) { result[n].msg = PSTR(str); result[n].ms = test; delay(500); }
void runtests(void)
{
uint8_t i;
uint32_t total;
RUNTEST(0, "FillScreen ", testFillScreen());
RUNTEST(1, "Text ", testText());
RUNTEST(2, "Lines ", testLines(CYAN));
RUNTEST(3, "Horiz/Vert Lines ", testFastLines(RED, BLUE));
RUNTEST(4, "Rectangles (outline) ", testRects(GREEN));
RUNTEST(5, "Rectangles (filled) ", testFilledRects(YELLOW, MAGENTA));
RUNTEST(6, "Circles (filled) ", testFilledCircles(10, MAGENTA));
RUNTEST(7, "Circles (outline) ", testCircles(10, WHITE));
RUNTEST(8, "Triangles (outline) ", testTriangles());
RUNTEST(9, "Triangles (filled) ", testFilledTriangles());
RUNTEST(10, "Rounded rects (outline) ", testRoundRects());
RUNTEST(11, "Rounded rects (filled) ", testFilledRoundRects());
tft.setRotation(1);
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
tft.setCursor(0, 0);
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.println("MCUFRIEND for UNO");
tft.setTextSize(1);
total = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
PGM_P str = result[i].msg;
char c;
if (i < 10) tft.print(" ");
tft.print(i);
tft.print(": ");
while (c = pgm_read_byte(str++)) tft.print(c);
tft.println(result[i].ms);
total += result[i].ms;
}
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.print("Total:");
#if HOW_SLIM < 2
tft.print(0.000001 * total);
tft.println("sec");
#else
tft.print(total / 1000, DEC);
tft.println(" ms");
#endif
g_identifier = tft.readID();
tft.print("ID: 0x");
tft.println(tft.readID(), HEX);
tft.print("Reg(00):0x");
tft.println(tft.readReg(0x00), HEX);
tft.print("F_CPU:");
#if HOW_SLIM < 2
tft.print(0.000001 * F_CPU);
#else
tft.print((int)(F_CPU/1000000));
#endif
#if defined(__OPTIMIZE_SIZE__)
tft.println("MHz -Os");
#else
tft.println("MHz");
#endif
delay(10000);
}
// Standard Adafruit tests. will adjust to screen size
unsigned long testFillScreen() {
unsigned long start = micros();
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
tft.fillScreen(RED);
tft.fillScreen(GREEN);
tft.fillScreen(BLUE);
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testText() {
unsigned long start;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
start = micros();
tft.setCursor(0, 0);
tft.setTextColor(WHITE); tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.println("Hello World!");
tft.setTextColor(YELLOW); tft.setTextSize(2);
#if HOW_SLIM < 2
tft.println(123.45);
#else
tft.println("456.78");
#endif
tft.setTextColor(RED); tft.setTextSize(3);
tft.println(0xDEADBEEF, HEX);
tft.println();
tft.setTextColor(GREEN);
tft.setTextSize(5);
tft.println("Groop");
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.println("I implore thee,");
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.println("my foonting turlingdromes.");
tft.println("And hooptiously drangle me");
tft.println("with crinkly bindlewurdles,");
tft.println("Or I will rend thee");
tft.println("in the gobberwarts");
tft.println("with my blurglecruncheon,");
tft.println("see if I don't!");
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testLines(uint16_t color) {
unsigned long start, t;
int x1, y1, x2, y2,
w = tft.width(),
h = tft.height();
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
x1 = y1 = 0;
y2 = h - 1;
start = micros();
for (x2 = 0; x2 < w; x2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
x2 = w - 1;
for (y2 = 0; y2 < h; y2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
t = micros() - start; // fillScreen doesn't count against timing
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
x1 = w - 1;
y1 = 0;
y2 = h - 1;
start = micros();
for (x2 = 0; x2 < w; x2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
x2 = 0;
for (y2 = 0; y2 < h; y2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
t += micros() - start;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
x1 = 0;
y1 = h - 1;
y2 = 0;
start = micros();
for (x2 = 0; x2 < w; x2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
x2 = w - 1;
for (y2 = 0; y2 < h; y2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
t += micros() - start;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
x1 = w - 1;
y1 = h - 1;
y2 = 0;
start = micros();
for (x2 = 0; x2 < w; x2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
x2 = 0;
for (y2 = 0; y2 < h; y2 += 6) tft.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testFastLines(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
unsigned long start;
int x, y, w = tft.width(), h = tft.height();
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
start = micros();
for (y = 0; y < h; y += 5) tft.drawFastHLine(0, y, w, color1);
for (x = 0; x < w; x += 5) tft.drawFastVLine(x, 0, h, color2);
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testRects(uint16_t color) {
unsigned long start;
int n, i, i2,
cx = tft.width() / 2,
cy = tft.height() / 2;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
n = min(tft.width(), tft.height());
start = micros();
for (i = 2; i < n; i += 6) {
i2 = i / 2;
tft.drawRect(cx - i2, cy - i2, i, i, color);
}
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testFilledRects(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
unsigned long start, t = 0;
int n, i, i2,
cx = tft.width() / 2 - 1,
cy = tft.height() / 2 - 1;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
n = min(tft.width(), tft.height());
for (i = n; i > 0; i -= 6) {
i2 = i / 2;
start = micros();
tft.fillRect(cx - i2, cy - i2, i, i, color1);
t += micros() - start;
// Outlines are not included in timing results
tft.drawRect(cx - i2, cy - i2, i, i, color2);
}
return t;
}
unsigned long testFilledCircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
unsigned long start;
int x, y, w = tft.width(), h = tft.height(), r2 = radius * 2;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
start = micros();
for (x = radius; x < w; x += r2) {
for (y = radius; y < h; y += r2) {
tft.fillCircle(x, y, radius, color);
}
}
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testCircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
unsigned long start;
int x, y, r2 = radius * 2,
w = tft.width() + radius,
h = tft.height() + radius;
// Screen is not cleared for this one -- this is
// intentional and does not affect the reported time.
start = micros();
for (x = 0; x < w; x += r2) {
for (y = 0; y < h; y += r2) {
tft.drawCircle(x, y, radius, color);
}
}
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testTriangles() {
unsigned long start;
int n, i, cx = tft.width() / 2 - 1,
cy = tft.height() / 2 - 1;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
n = min(cx, cy);
start = micros();
for (i = 0; i < n; i += 5) {
tft.drawTriangle(
cx , cy - i, // peak
cx - i, cy + i, // bottom left
cx + i, cy + i, // bottom right
tft.color565(0, 0, i));
}
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testFilledTriangles() {
unsigned long start, t = 0;
int i, cx = tft.width() / 2 - 1,
cy = tft.height() / 2 - 1;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
start = micros();
for (i = min(cx, cy); i > 10; i -= 5) {
start = micros();
tft.fillTriangle(cx, cy - i, cx - i, cy + i, cx + i, cy + i,
tft.color565(0, i, i));
t += micros() - start;
tft.drawTriangle(cx, cy - i, cx - i, cy + i, cx + i, cy + i,
tft.color565(i, i, 0));
}
return t;
}
unsigned long testRoundRects() {
unsigned long start;
int w, i, i2, red, step,
cx = tft.width() / 2 - 1,
cy = tft.height() / 2 - 1;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
w = min(tft.width(), tft.height());
start = micros();
red = 0;
step = (256 * 6) / w;
for (i = 0; i < w; i += 6) {
i2 = i / 2;
red += step;
tft.drawRoundRect(cx - i2, cy - i2, i, i, i / 8, tft.color565(red, 0, 0));
}
return micros() - start;
}
unsigned long testFilledRoundRects() {
unsigned long start;
int i, i2, green, step,
cx = tft.width() / 2 - 1,
cy = tft.height() / 2 - 1;
tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
start = micros();
green = 256;
step = (256 * 6) / min(tft.width(), tft.height());
for (i = min(tft.width(), tft.height()); i > 20; i -= 6) {
i2 = i / 2;
green -= step;
tft.fillRoundRect(cx - i2, cy - i2, i, i, i / 8, tft.color565(0, green, 0));
}
return micros() - start;
}