Can the Arduino nano run code false

I just work on my project which is the air quality device, i upload the code and it run correctly at first. Then i make a some kind of mistake and the arduino have some problem, it smell like burned plastic and when i plug the nano in my computer it not connected but the power still on, from that time it like the data the sds011 sensor give my kinda crazy (Pm2.5 545.7 ug/m3 when the arduino was ok it like 50-60 ug/m3) . Can anyone explain me what happened to my arduino nano and why?
Thank you so much

Welcome to the forum.

Burned plastic ? That is not good. Did you use 12V ? Be careful or you might damage your computer as well.

It is possible that components are damaged on the Arduino board. It is even possible that the microcontroller on the Nano board is damaged inside for only a part, and it still seems to run.
The microcontroller has the analog section separated on the chip from the digital parts, to be as accurate as possible for the analog inputs. It is possible to blow the analog section on the chip, while the Arduino board still works.

Please don't try to fix it and don't try to find out what still works and what not. That is a waste of time. You need another Nano board.

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And a better plan for cnnecting it up.

Rated current 70mA±10mA
Maximum Current: 100mA

That is more than Arduino should source. Did you supply power to the sensor with an external power source?

It runs a fan, a LASER and a receive diode. Also, the fan pulls dust into the enclosure. Is it clean inside?

Post an annotated schematic showing exactly how this is connected. Be sure to include all connections, power, ground, power, power sources etc. Links to the hardware devices technical information would also help.

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