Domotica in home

i dont know how to fix a serial wired Master/Slave network with arduino mega 2560 and uno,
one Master and several Slaves

who can help me with hardware and software

Fix, or build? What is Domotica? Please read:

Automated domicile

I wonder how much research was done?

what i mean is: i want to have one Master for switching some Slaves on and off
the Slaves must have the possibility to switch manuel too with sending its status to the master

weeks and weeks

share your current network and your master + slave code.

given its a 'home' wired network I am going to assume you are using some thing as RS485 as you physical network.

that sounds, simple enough....

the way I would go about is to create a message frame ( Serial Input Basics - updated is a good material for that) with a header byte and at least a data byte.

the header will be a a 'unique ID' for each slave and master node and the data byte will contain the value to be worked on.

you did not share much but I will again assume that the slaves do not need to be constantly transmitting stuff among themselve ie unless the master ping them there as silent.

so with that, whenever the master wants to turn a slave on/off, it will first send out a message frame to request its status the following said slave reply, the master can then 'decide' when it actually needs to do the intended action.

hope that is not too confusing!

yes, i have RS485 and cables already all over in my house,
so how to make the hardware, and the software, so that i can communicate between the master and the slaves.
at this moment, i dont have any working serial network here

Okay, and what is the difficulty you are experiencing with that, exactly?

After weeks and weeks of research you must have found some answers at least, and tried a few things. What have you done so far?

Means what exactly? If you have existing hardware, you need to detail it for us.

SN75176BP for the network,
BT139 triac to switch on off 230V from the output ports
2X arduino UNO
4X arduino mega 2560

i thought, these components will be enough for a network, Right?
so not ready motherboards yet

That is not really detail. It's a short verbal list of four components. One of them is just a chip. We can't see, if you have them connected and doing something, or sitting in the antistatic bags you bought them in. We have no specifications of the wiring configuration, or the requirements of the software that you mentioned.

You need to explain, but also fully reveal, what have as well as what you are planning. If you haven't done much yet, it is a time to take it step by step in the forum. First, post a detailed (means links, photos, etc., not just text listings) description of your existing hardware. Second, post a detailed description of the functional requirements of the final system. Then we can offer guidance about how to use the hardware you have, or what to add if necessary.

If you don't do that, this thread is likely to drift off into off topic answers, or be forgotten and you will get no answer. Please go back and read or read again, the forum introduction that I linked to, in post #2.

i dont have still not connect them, bcz, i dont have any schema or any working sketch for it

thats why i ask all, for support to my project

i have health problems with walking, so i thought its easier, to switch lights on and off from one central place in my home

Does Domotica provide a specification of the RS485 interface that details the message protocol etc?

There is Domoticz which I've used along with RFM69 radio modules.

Have you been to the MySensors website?

its about, the master send a command to a slave, so that that slave makes one port high or low, so that IF the post is high, a triac, will switch a lamp on or off
as planned, will the slave send to the master that the slave port is high or low
the master, will get the command on the central place with pushbuttons

This is a contradiction. We are not asking for a complete, detailed schematic of your finished project. If your plans are not definite, you can still make a somewhat indefinite sketch. Such a drawing can serve as a shared reference for further discussion and evolve to incorporate suggestions that you receive here.

It's also your responsibility to do research and find candidate equipment to build your project. It is perfectly fine to ask about it here, but we are not going to hunt around for solutions for you. If you receive suggestions, it's also up to you to investigate them and follow up with related activities or questions.

Is your primary goal to learn about Arduino, or build an automation system?
If it's the latter, then there are existing systems such as ESP Home that provide a communications infrastructure and have a pre-defined range of sensors and output devices.
The absolute simplest solution is to use a commercial offering such as the Ikea Tradfri system that gives you switchable light bulbs and electrical outlets.

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the primary, is to have a system, to switch on and of lamps, mut i want to learn too about arduino, bcz i told already the i have a healthness problem with walking, so i like to make a combination with homemade system and with arduino

for example the SN75176B how to connect that to the mega or the uno ports?

Are the existing data cables configured as a linear multi-drop bus or a point to point system with multiple cables radiating out from one central location?

i think this can work, only the question is, what is the ftdi232, is that a standard arduino print