Hi Everyone,
I am not new to Arduino but I am new to motors in specific synchronous motors. I have a synchronous motor that i pulled out of a ice making machine and i just want to get it working and understand how it works. I have googled and I understand that a synchronous motor uses a magnetic polarities to rotate. What I don't understand is how to make it work with the arduino, i have attached a picture of the motor any help is much appreciated thanks!
You're aware that this motor wants 120V AC mains power to drive it, yes? - not typically available from an Arduino. Of course there are things you could do... but I don't think hobbyists should be messing with mains power.
Well, as you can see from the picture, this is a 120 Volts Alternating Current Synchronous motor.
The thing about these motors is that they rotate in exact proportion to the AC frequency they get (for timing precision).
A few problems arise:
Motors controlled from arduino are more-than-usually based on Direct Current. The arduino cannot supply the neccesary power even to these motors, usually operating between 1.5V-24V (even those with REALLY low power consumption, if stalled, might draw enough current to fry your arduino up). let alone a 120V motor.
So what you do is use a motor driver/controller (like ones from pololu) attached to an external power supply (like a 12V regulator) and controlled by the arduino using PWM signals (or other methods) to produce the wanted speed/torque.
So say you wanted to operate this motor you got there, there would be no meaning to hooking it up to the arduino, because it only goes 1 way with 1 speed - AC frequency it is attached to. Even though it can accept between 50-60, i dont know how it is possible to change that frequency using the arduino (probably is possible, and probably requires buying a relatively expensive piece of hardware which i couldnt find in the small search ive done).
So if you still want this motor to work, you could connect it directly into your electric network power supply (i assume 110V@60Hz if at USA though im not sure), but that would not be reccomended, because messing with high voltages is VERY DANGEROUS and could be fatal. And its all for seeing a motor work, at only 1 given speed.
Anyway, i suggest you get yourself a nice little DC motor and a compatible driver and play with those a little.
hope i didn't ruin your plans 
Bubble busted. Oh Well Thanks for the HELP!