Power LED and voltage regulator are the main culprits, usually. Arduino boards aren't optimized to reduce power usage. You'll need to take parts off to remove the overhead associated with other hardware on the board.
Also, you say you're powering it off the 3v pin. That means the power to the arduino is going through the regulator backwards, and you're powering the arduino off of under 3 volts; per the datasheet, if running at 16mhz, it wants at least 4.5v. So you're running it outside of spec right now. you either need to use another battery, a boost converter, or you need to burn the lilypad usb bootloader to it and set fuses to use internal 8mhz clock, which it's spec'ed at down to 2.7v.
That's for the Uno, not the Micro, but you should be able to get well under that consumption, although certainly not if you are running power LEDs and voltage regulators.
I'm not sure what the constant consumption of the USB part of the Micro is, but if you are going for low power you might want to use an Atmega328P as described in my above post.
the pro mini will have the same issues as the pro micro. your power will still go to the led and the regulator. you need to get a bare chip, not an Arduino board.
mixographer:
the pro mini will have the same issues as the pro micro. your power will still go to the led and the regulator. you need to get a bare chip, not an Arduino board.
Incorrect, genuine Sparkfun pro minis have a jumper pad link (SJ1) that you can unsolder to isolate the led and regulator. Its located near the ground pin on the top of the board between the resonator and C13.
i have same issues before, i just removed the usb serial port and all leds, and the power section,
actually just throw everything and just take off atmega if you can or use atmega 168 and make other one with different voltage booster if you have small project just use attiny45 my favorite hero for saving power but it's depend if you have other sheald or motors or anything else want to power it
anyway i tried sleep mode not help that much for saving power, i don't know if i am doing something wrong, anyway the first idea work great for me