I have made this diagram for a project. I wont to be able to test and programme it, so I wont to create a "test mode". I have tried to make a change to the diagram where I connect it to a PC.
Normal mode: 5V to bread board and Arduino powered with VIN + 75 LED
The UNO can only deliver so much power OUT of the 5V pin regardless of the power source. It can deliver less if the input power is less however.
For that many LEDs use a separate power supply, and use a MOSFET that is controlled from the UNO to feed power to all the LEDs.
But as I wrote, the second diagram is only powering 5 LEDs - so the test mode only powers 5 LEDs and normal mode is 75 LEDs. I have two different strips, so I can connect the 5 LEDs when testing.
If you power the Arduino UNO using the 5v Arduino pin, you should be careful.
There is the possibility the external 5v can back feed to the PC/Laptop if they are powered down.
If you connect the 5v external power supply to the Arduino using the USB cable rather than the 5v pin, this won’t be an issue.