I have seen several questions in this forum about which diodes to use in different scenarios.
When you need a flyback diode to protect a transistor or FET from reverse voltage
of a motor or relay the best diode is a 1N4001 (up to 50 volts) or 1N4004 (up to 400 volts).
If you need a fast switching diode to protect the input stage of an amplifier or a just a small standard diode you may use a 1N4148.
When switching time is not really important (ns range) i always use a 1N4001.
It is a little bit larger, however, you can easily see the polarity when you look at it.
If you want to protect your Arduino inputs, you might want to use a 5.1 Volts zener diode.
Make sure you use a resistor of at least 100 ohms to protect it from being destroyed by high currents.
Here's a missive that I just got from Der Fuehrer (arduinoaleman):
So what does "Holy Writ" mean?
My English is maybe not as good as yours.
However, my German and my Spanish is probably better than yours.
And I am quite sure you speak only one language.
What is the intent of your message?
I sent you this message as a personal message.
Why do you post such meaningless words in the FORUM??
Do you think that anybody is interested your personal opionion.
Isn't He a hoot?
"Holy Writ" - a writing or utterance having unquestionable authority.