It depends. Most barrel jack inputs on normal arduino boards get fed to the Vin pin, which can handle up to 12V. But because this is a third party shield of some sort, I don't know the exact wiring. Can you post the expansion board name/schematic?
The boards I got were from amazon
IZOKEE 3PCS Nano I/O Expansion Board Extension Shield Module for Arduino UNO R3 Nano V3.0
I’ve looked everywhere for info but couldn’t find any.
The nanos I got, ELEGOO For Arduino Nano V3.0, were also clones, 1 didn’t work out of the box so maybe this one just died
Ok, so I found some sort of a schematic for it (attached PDF) and it does look like the barrel jack input goes to Vin and has it's own 5V regulator that is also supplied to the arduino 5V pin.
Just to be sure, you should power the breakout board WITHOUT the nano and test both the Vin and 5V pins where the nano would be. Once you verify those voltages are save, you can then put the new arduino in.
I've had one or two nano clones blow up their regulators for no good reason - cheap chinesium.
Nope. You can use 7-12V. 6V is slightly low and Arduino can work unstable but it shouldn't fry it. Most likely, as it was mentioned here, you plugged it wrongly oriented.
Power_Broker:
The 6V he was feeding into the barrel jack was being fed to the Vin pin - straight to the regulator
You are right I was confused by the schematic you quoted which was for a different board with the 5 V regulator on the expansion board itself - not this one!)
alesam:
Nope. You can use 7-12V. 6V is slightly low and Arduino can work unstable but it shouldn't fry it. Most likely, as it was mentioned here, you plugged it wrongly oriented.
Actually, using the regulator on the Nano itself is not a very good idea at all unless you have nothing else connected to it. But using the expansion board implies that you will be connecting - many - other things.